ÿWPC‡ W“¤¦on—Ox ¸ïÂôŒúË+„ƒÐÇÀ>—±À%ÕÿJg—믮’A£»qùÖ~ZW “hTÇŠÔp+êÙnþ·ýIìá?OrõGn£ªŸKAÃÃá?”oÇnÔß²û3 ›³bÃÉf=¶Pî|´£Ijv‹NµN›g (B ð êÖEÍg†³¤öÁ³­¬º=À.4¯R¨iAözø€m$ã]¯öpŽ'mJx{!´X¥øè‰EÀ9ÛjLíögN?7tW{ Ðwvé—‹#„æç=¥4}[Á½  öl`‹ùtYf+ù–Õ%€F‚êb\ôS´ÆÊ;Ù"Û¼—Bižå{óPÃ’3å ¯´ÿ–æØ\µ š>œ@:b3VÛ '…ùþA.ÿjQÖŸâV2¶iIÀ5͉Q† ®@—••{­³òiÃê|tïifVÀÙ%‘ÏY0+Ç£/€Kˆx;B8À£o™Ö<¿´¢PÑï}¾òÿZ‰ó¾Æ#Q e[ƒ çø²Ó§žÉâÂÖûäM1®;o§Zãp9ú¨[]Û{ë(‘4‘éY›†kw¸îe®ÉÆòûäÍ:ë2=„"?A‘ûK·xýÍz£%#Á–UNW %¥ 0:«åU8í^ %w145IX mZNqUFsU6¹UFï 1u5 72ªbÜÜ 1äääääääq˜Adobe PDFÈ,,,,È0(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$¡¡ÔUSUS.,Ô <4šÛ 9Z+‹ Courier New ¬‚1â aaì0ê:i¢×+003|xwÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ<4šÛ 9Z+‹.Courier New Regular<4šÛ 9Z+‹Courier New<4šÛ 9Z+.Courier New Regular3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i)- ù-(¦ÙCEMU]emu}AutoList1(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1) Ñ ° ÑÝ ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑX°ÑÔ€XoœXXXÔÑ€ÑÑ8€`rXXdédÈ8ÑÑ  Ñà@¸ ¸ ìàòòIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€MARYLANDóóˆÐ ° ÐÌÌÌÌÌà@ ìàòòR€U€L€E€S€€€O€R€D€E€RóóˆÐ º  ÐÌÌÌÓÓà  àThe€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€and€this€Courtððs€StandingÐ  f  ÐCommittee€on€Rules€of€Practice€and€Procedure€jointly€havingÐ Ä  Ðsubmitted€to€the€Court€of€Appeals€the€Report€of€the€JudicialÐ r  ÐEthics€Committee€and€One€Hundred€Fifty„Third€Report€of€the€RulesÐ  p  ÐCommittee,€transmitting€thereby€the€proposed€rescission€ofÐ Î Ðcurrent€Rules€16„813€and€16„814€and€the€adoption€in€their€placeÐ |Ì Ðof€new€Rules€16„812.1€(Judicial€Ethics€Committee),€16„813Ð *z Ð(Maryland€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct),€and€16„814€(Maryland€Code€ofÐ Ø( ÐConduct€for€Judicial€Appointees)€of€the€Maryland€Rules€ofÐ †Ö ÐProcedure;€proposed€amendments€to€Rules€4„327,€5„605,€16„815,€16„Ð 4„ Ð816,€and€17„105€of€the€Maryland€Rules€of€Procedure;€and€proposedÐ â2 Ðamendments€to€Rules€3.5€and€8.2€of€the€Maryland€[Lawyersðð]€RulesÐ à  Ðof€Professional€Conduct,€all€as€set€forth€in€that€ReportÐ >!Ž" Ðpublished€in€the€òòMaryland€Registeróó,€Vol.€31,€Issue€15,€pages€1151Ð ì"<$ Є€1181€(July€23,€2004);€andÐ ž$î& ÐÌà  àThis€Court€having€considered€at€an€open€meeting,€notice€ofÐ ú'J#* Ðwhich€was€posted€as€prescribed€by€law,€all€of€the€proposed€rulesÐ ¨)ø$, Ðchanges,€together€with€the€comments€received,€and€making€certainÐ V+¦&. Ðdeletions€and€additions€to€the€proposed€rules€changes€on€its€own€Ð  -T(0 Ðmotion,€it€is€this€2òòndóó€of€December,€2004Ð ° ÐÌà  àORDERED,€by€the€Court€of€Appeals€of€Maryland,€that€currentÐ  \ ÐRules€16„813€and€16„814€be,€and€they€are€hereby,€rescinded,Ð º  Ðeffective€July€1,€2005;€and€it€is€furtherÐ h ¸ ÐÌà  àORDERED€that€new€Rules€16„812.1,€16„813,€and€16„814€be,€andÐ Ä  Ðthey€are€hereby,€adopted€in€the€form€attached€to€this€Order;€andÐ r  Ðit€is€furtherÐ  p  ÐÌà  àORDERED€that€amendments€to€Rules€4„327,€5„605,€16„815,€16„Ð |Ì Ð816,€and€17„105€and€Rules€3.5€and€8.2€in€Appendix:€Maryland€RulesÐ *z Ðof€Professional€Conduct€be,€and€they€are€hereby,€adopted€in€theÐ Ø( Ðform€previously€published;€and€it€is€furtherÐ †Ö ÐÌà  àORDERED€that€new€Rules€16„812.1,€16„813,€and€16„814€shallÐ â2 Ðtake€effect€on€July€1,€2005€and€that€new€Rule€16„813€(MarylandÐ à  ÐCode€of€Judicial€Conduct)€shall€govern€the€conduct€of€judges€fromÐ >!Ž" Ðand€after€said€date€and€new€Rule€16„814€(Maryland€Code€of€ConductÐ ì"<$ Ðfor€Judicial€Appointees)€shall€govern€the€conduct€of€judicialÐ š$ê& Ðappointees€from€and€after€said€date;€provided,€however,€that€theÐ H&˜!( ÐMaryland€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct€set€forth€in€current€Rule€16„Ð ö'F#* Ð813€shall€continue€in€full€force€and€effect€and€shall€govern€theÐ ¤)ô$, Ðconduct€of€judges€until€July€1,€2005,€and€judges€shall€continueÐ R+¢&. Ðon€and€after€July€1,€2005€to€be€subject€to€discipline€for€Ð  -P(0 Ðviolations€of€that€Code€occurring€prior€to€July€1,€2005;€andÐ ° Ðfurther€provided€that€the€Code€of€Conduct€for€Judicial€AppointeesÐ ^® Ðset€forth€in€current€Rule€16„814€shall€continue€in€full€force€andÐ  \ Ðeffect€and€shall€govern€the€conduct€of€judicial€appointees€untilÐ º  ÐJuly€1,€2005,€and€judicial€appointees€shall€continue€on€and€afterÐ h ¸ ÐJuly€1,€2005€to€be€subject€to€discipline€for€violations€of€thatÐ  f  ÐCode€occurring€prior€to€July€1,€2005;€and€it€is€furtherÐ Ä  ÐÌà  àORDERED€that€all€other€rules€changes€hereby€adopted€by€thisÐ  p  ÐCourt€shall€govern€the€courts€of€this€State€and€all€parties€andÐ Î Ðtheir€attorneys€in€all€actions€and€proceedings,€and€shall€takeÐ |Ì Ðeffect€and€apply€to€all€actions€commenced€on€or€after€July€1,Ð *z Ð2005€and€insofar€as€practicable,€to€all€actions€then€pending;€andÐ Ø( Ðit€is€furtherÐ †Ö ÐÔ_ÔÐ  4„ ÐÑ£XÑà  àORDERED€that€a€copy€of€this€Order€be€published€in€the€nextÐ ° Ðissue€of€the€òòMaryland€Registeróó.Ð ^® ÐÓÓÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò/s/€Robert€M.€BellóóÐ ç7 Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àRobert€M.€BellÐ ¾  ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò/s/€Irma€S.€RakeróóÐ ñ A  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àIrma€S.€RakerÐ È  ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò/s/€Alan€M.€Ô_ÔWilnerÔ_ÔóóÐ ûK Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àAlan€M.€Ô_ÔWilnerÔ_ÔÐ Ò" ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò/s/€Dale€R.€Ô_ÔCathellÔ_ÔóóÐ U Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àDale€R.€Ô_ÔCathellÔ_ÔÐ Ü, ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò/s/€Glenn€T.€Ô_ÔHarrellÔ_Ô,€Jr.€óóÐ _ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àGlenn€T.€Ô_ÔHarrellÔ_Ô,€Jr.Ð æ6 ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò/s/€Lynne€A.€Ô_ÔBattagliaÔ_ÔóóÐ "i# Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àLynne€A.€Ô_ÔBattagliaÔ_ÔÐ ð"@$ ÐÌÌÌÌà0  àà0` (#(#àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#àà0Àh(#h(#àòò/s/€Clayton€Greene,€Jr.óó€à x àà Ð àà @Ð àà @Ð àà @Ð àÐ #'s") ÐClayton€Greene,€Jr.Ðú'J#*À(#À(# ÐÌFiled:€€December€2òòóó,€2004Ð ¨)ø$, ÐÌÌòò/s/€Alexander€L.€CummingsóóÐ -,}'/ Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€ClerkÐ -T(0 ÐCourt€of€Appeals€of€MarylandÐ Û-+)1 Їà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@Œ Œ ìàTITLE€16€„€COURTS,€JUDGES,€AND€ATTORNEYSˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@˜ ˜ ìàCHAPTER€800€„€MISCELLANEOUSˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àADD€new€Rule€16„812.1,€as€follows:€Ð ‘ á ÐÌÌRule€16„812.1.€€JUDICIAL€ETHICS€COMMITTEEÐ  f  ÐÌÌÓÓ€€(a)€€DefinitionsÐ ›ë  Ðà  à€€In€this€Rule€the€following€definitions€apply€except€asÐ I™  Ðexpressly€otherwise€provided€or€as€necessary€implicationÐ ÷G Ðrequires:Ð ¥õ Ѐ€€€(1)€€CommitteeÐ S£ Ðà  à€€€€ð ðCommitteeðð€means€the€Judicial€Ethics€Committee.Ð Q Ѐ€€€(2)€€Ethics€ProvisionÐ ¯ÿ Ðà  à€€€€ð ðEthics€provisionðð€means:Ð ]­ Ðà  à€€(A)€a€provision€of€Code,€State€Government€Article,€TitleÐ  [ Ð15,€Subtitle€5€or€6;Ð ¹  Ðà  à€€(B)€as€to€a€judge,€also€a€provision€of€the€Maryland€CodeÐ g ·! Ðof€Judicial€Conduct;€andÐ "e# Ðà  à€€(C)€as€to€a€judicial€appointee€as€defined€in€Rule€16„814,Ð Ã#% Ðalso€a€provision€of€the€Maryland€Code€of€Conduct€for€JudicialÐ q%Á ' ÐAppointees.Ð 'o") Ѐ€€€(3)€€State€Official€in€Judicial€BranchÐ Í($+ Ðà  à€€€€ð ðState€official€in€the€Judicial€Branchðð€means€anÐ {*Ë%- Ðindividual€who€is€in€the€Judicial€Branch€and€is€a€State€official,Ð ),y'/ Ðas€defined€in€Code,€State€Government€Article,€ðð15„102.Ð ×-')1 Ѐ€(b)€€CreationÐ ° Ðà  à€€There€is€a€Judicial€Ethics€Committee.Ð ^® Ѐ€(c)€€CompositionÐ  \ Ðà  à€€The€Committee€consists€of€nine€members€appointed€by€theÐ º  ÐChief€Judge€of€the€Court€of€Appeals.€€Of€the€nine€members:€Ð h ¸ Ѐ€€€(1)€one€shall€be€a€judge€of€the€Court€of€Special€Appeals;€Ð  f  Ѐ€€€(2)€two€shall€be€circuit€court€judges;Ð Ä  Ѐ€€€(3)€two€shall€be€judges€of€the€District€Court;€Ð r  Ѐ€€€(4)€one€shall€be€a€judge€of€an€orphansðð€court;Ð  p  Ѐ€€€(5)€one€shall€be€a€clerk€of€a€circuit€court;Ð Î Ѐ€€€(6)€one€shall€be€a€judicial€appointee€as€defined€in€Rule€Ð |Ì Ð16„814;€andÐ *z Ѐ€€€(7)€one€shall€not€be€a€judge€or€other€officer€or€employee€ofÐ Ø( Ðthe€Judicial€Branch€of€the€State€governmentÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔ€or€a€lawyer.€Ð †Ö Ѐ€(d)€€TermÐ 4„ Ѐ€€€(1)€€The€term€of€a€member€is€three€years€and€begins€on€JulyÐ â2 Ð1.Ð à  Ѐ€€€(2)€€The€terms€of€the€members€shall€be€staggered€so€that€theÐ >!Ž" Ðterms€of€three€members€expire€each€year.Ð ì"<$ Ѐ€€€(3)€€At€the€end€of€a€term,€a€member€continues€to€serve€untilÐ š$ê& Ða€successor€is€appointed.Ð H&˜!( Ѐ€€€(4)€€A€member€who€is€appointed€after€a€term€has€begun€servesÐ ö'F#* Ðonly€for€the€rest€of€the€term€and€until€a€successor€is€appointed.Ð ¤)ô$, Ѐ€€€(5)€€A€member€appointed€on€or€after€July€1,€2005,€may€notÐ R+¢&. Ðserve€more€than€two€consecutive€three„year€terms.à  àÐ -P(0 Ѐ€(e)€€Chair€and€Vice€ChairÐ ° Ðà  à€€The€Chief€Judge€of€the€Court€of€Appeals€shall€designateÐ ^® Ðone€judicial€member€as€the€Chair€of€the€Committee€and€oneÐ  \ Ðjudicial€member€as€the€Vice€Chair.€€In€the€absence€or€disabilityÐ º  Ðof€the€Chair€or€upon€an€express€delegation€of€authority€by€theÐ h ¸ ÐChair,€the€Vice€Chair€shall€have€the€authority€and€perform€theÐ  f  Ðduties€of€the€Chair.Ð Ä  Ѐ€(f)€€Meetings€Ð r  Ðà  à€€The€Committee€shall€meet€at€the€times€and€places€that€theÐ  p  ÐChair€directs.Ð Î Ѐ€(g)€€QuorumÐ |Ì Ðà  à€€The€presence€of€a€majority€of€the€members€then€servingÐ *z Ðconstitutes€a€quorum€for€the€transaction€of€all€business€otherÐ Ø( Ðthan€adjournment€of€a€meeting€for€lack€of€a€quorum.Ð †Ö Ѐ€(h)€€Committee€StaffÐ 4„ Ðà  à€€The€Committee€shall€have€staff€as€the€State€CourtÐ â2 ÐAdministrator€directs.Ð à  Ѐ€(Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô)€€Duties€€Ð >!Ž" Ðà  à€€In€addition€to€its€other€duties€imposed€by€law,€theÐ ì"<$ ÐCommittee:€€Ð š$ê& Ѐ€€€(1)€shall€give€advice,€as€provided€in€this€Rule,€with€respectÐ H&˜!( Ðto€the€application€or€interpretation€of€the€Maryland€Code€ofÐ ö'F#* ÐJudicial€Conduct€and€the€Maryland€Code€of€Conduct€for€JudicialÐ ¤)ô$, ÐAppointees;Ð R+¢&. Ѐ€€€(2)€is€designated€as€the€body€to€give€advice€with€respect€to€Ð  -P(0 Ðthe€application€or€interpretation€of€any€provision€of€Code,€StateÐ ° ÐGovernment€Article,€Title€15,€Subtitles€5€and€6,€to€a€StateÐ ^® Ðofficial€in€the€Judicial€Branch;Ð  \ Ѐ€€€(3)€shall€review€timely€appeals€from€the€State€CourtÐ º  ÐAdministratorððs€decision€not€to€extend,€under€Rule€16„815€or€Ð h ¸ Ð16„816,€the€period€for€filing€a€financial€disclosure€statement;Ð  f  Ѐ€€€(4)€shall€determine,€under€Rule€16„815€f€or€Rule€16„816€g,Ð Ä  Ðwhether€to€allow€a€judge€or€judicial€appointee€to€correct€aÐ r  Ðdeficiency€as€to€a€financial€disclosure€statement€or€to€refer€theÐ  p  Ðmatter,€as€to€a€judge,€to€the€Commission€on€Judicial€DisabilitiesÐ Î Ðor,€as€to€a€judicial€appointee,€to€the€State€Ethics€Commission;Ð |Ì ÐandÐ *z Ѐ€€€(5)€shall€submit€to€the€Court€of€Appeals€recommendations€forÐ Ø( Ðnecessary€or€desirable€changes€in€any€ethics€provision.€€Ð †Ö Ѐ€(j)€€Opinions€and€Letters€of€AdviceÐ 4„ Ѐ€€€(1)€€RequesterÐ â2 Ðà  à€€€€A€request€for€the€opinion€of€the€Committee€may€be€madeÐ à  Ðonly€by:Ð >!Ž" Ѐ€€€€€(A)€a€State€official€in€the€Judicial€Branch,€as€to€theÐ ì"<$ Ðproper€interpretation€of€an€ethics€provision€as€applied€to€thatÐ š$ê& ÐState€official;€orÐ H&˜!( Ðà  à€(B)€the€Chief€Judge€of€the€Court€of€Appeals,€as€to€theÐ ö'F#* Ðproper€interpretation€of€an€ethics€provision.Ð ¤)ô$, Ѐ€€€(2)€€Form€of€Request€Ð R+¢&. Ðà  à€€€€Each€request€for€an€opinion€of€the€Committee€shall:Ð -P(0 Ѐ€€€€€(A)€be€in€writing;Ð ° Ðà  à€(B)€describe€the€act€or€activity€about€which€the€opinion€isÐ ^® Ðrequested;Ð  \ Ðà  à€(C)€include€all€documentation€or€other€informationÐ º  Ðnecessary€for€the€Committee€to€perform€its€function,€which€mayÐ h ¸ Ðinclude€citation€to€rules,€statutes,€and€published€opinions€ofÐ  f  Ðthe€Committee€that€the€requester€believes€to€be€relevant€to€theÐ Ä  Ðrequest;€andÐ r  Ѐ€€€€€(D)€include€an€address€to€which€the€Committee€shall€directÐ  p  Ðcorrespondence.Ð Î Ѐ€€€(3)€€OpinionÐ |Ì Ðà  à€€€€The€Committee€may€render€an€opinion,€in€writing,€withÐ *z Ðregard€to€any€request€made€under€this€Rule€and€shall€decideÐ Ø( Ðwhether€an€opinion€is€to€be€published€or€unpublished.€€The€ChairÐ †Ö Ðshall€cause€to€be€prepared€an€edited€version€of€each€opinionÐ 4„ Ðdesignated€to€be€published,€in€which€the€identity€and€specificÐ â2 Ðcourt€or€geographical€location€of€the€requester€and€the€identityÐ à  Ðof€other€persons€mentioned€in€the€opinion€shall€not€be€Ô#†XoœXXXoœW%#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔdisclosedÔ#†XoœXXXoœ;#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔÐ >!Ž" Ðand€shall€have€the€opinion€published€in€the€manner€that€the€StateÐ ì"<$ ÐCourt€Administrator€deems€proper.€€€Ð š$ê& Ѐ€€€(4)€€Letter€of€AdviceÐ H&˜!( Ðà  à€€€€If€the€Chair€decides€that€the€full€Committee€cannotÐ ö'F#* Ðprovide€a€timely€written€opinion€or€that€prior€opinions€of€theÐ ¤)ô$, ÐCommittee€render€full€Committee€review€unnecessary,€a€panel€ofÐ R+¢&. Ðnot€less€than€three€members€appointed€by€the€Chair€may€issue€a€Ð  -P(0 Ðwritten€letter€of€advice,€which€shall€not€be€published€and€shallÐ ° Ðhave€no€precedential€effect.€Ð ^® Ѐ€€€(5)€€Protection€from€a€Charge€of€ViolationÐ  \ Ðà  à€€€€A€State€official€in€the€Judicial€Branch€who€requests€anÐ º  Ðopinion€as€to€application€of€an€ethics€provision€and€is€inÐ h ¸ Ðcompliance€with€an€opinion€of,€or€letter€of€advice€issued€for,Ð  f  Ðthe€Committee€is€protected€from€a€charge€of€violation€of€thatÐ Ä  Ðethics€provision.Ð r  ÐÓÓCommittee€note:€€The€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€noted€that,€givenÐ  p  Ðthe€binding€effect€of€opinions,€they€generally€should€be€issuedÐ ÷G Ðonly€to€a€State€official€in€the€Judicial€Branch€requesting€adviceÐ Î Ðas€to€the€officialððs€own€conduct.€€This€practice€would€avoidÐ ¥õ Ðcomment€either€on€hypothetical€conduct€or€conduct€incompletely€orÐ |Ì Ðinaccurately€described.€€However,€there€may€be€instances,€such€asÐ S£ Ðthose€in€which€an€opinion€would€affect€numerous€State€officialsÐ *z Ðin€the€Judicial€Branch€or€the€implementation€of€administrativeÐ Q Ðduties,€that€make€it€appropriate€to€have€a€mechanism€forÐ Ø( Ðrequesting€an€interpretation€of€an€ethics€provision€but€not€anÐ ¯ÿ Ðopinion€as€to€its€application.€€Therefore,€language€in€formerÐ †Ö ÐMaryland€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct€(1987),€Canon€7€suggesting€thatÐ ]­ Ðpersons€other€than€a€State€official€in€the€Judicial€Branch€couldÐ 4„ Ðrequest€an€opinion€has€been€omitted,€but€a€provision€for€theÐ  [ ÐChief€Judge€of€the€Court€of€Appeals€to€request€guidance€onÐ â2 Ðinterpretation€has€been€added.€€The€addition€is€patterned€on€theÐ ¹  Ðpractice€for€requesting€an€opinion€from€the€Attorney€General.Ð à  ÐÌÓÓ€€€€(6)€€Filing;€ConfidentialityÐ >!Ž" Ðà  à€€€€The€Chair€shall€file€with€the€State€Court€AdministratorÐ ì"<$ Ðevery€opinion€of,€and€letter€of€advice€issued€for,€the€Committee.€Ð š$ê& ÐA€request€and€the€letter€of€advice€or€the€opinion,€other€than€theÐ H&˜!( Ðedited€version€designated€to€be€published,€filed€in€response€areÐ ö'F#* Ðconfidential€and,€unless€otherwise€directed€by€the€Court€ofÐ ¤)ô$, ÐAppeals€or€required€by€law,€are€not€public€information.€€Ð R+¢&. ÐÓÓÐ  -P(0 ÐCross€reference:€€See€Rule€16-813€(Maryland€Code€of€JudicialÐ ° ÐConduct)€and€Rule€16„814€(Maryland€Code€of€Conduct€for€JudicialÐ ‡× ÐAppointees).€€Ð ^® ÐÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€from€former€Maryland€Code€ofÐ  \ ÐJudicial€Conduct€(1987),€Canon€7,€as€it€was€set€forth€in€formerÐ ã3 ÐRule€1231€(renumbered€Rule€16„813€by€Rules€Order€dated€JanuaryÐ º  Ð18,€1996,€effective€July€1,€1996).Ð ‘ á ÐÌÔ#†XoœXXXoœZ;#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔÐ  ?   Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@Œ Œ ìàTITLE€16€„€COURTS,€JUDGES,€AND€ATTORNEYSˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@˜ ˜ ìàCHAPTER€800€„€MISCELLANEOUSˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àADD€new€Rule€16„813,€as€follows:Ð ‘ á ÐÌÌRule€16-813.€€MARYLAND€CODE€OF€JUDICIAL€CONDUCT€Ð  f  ÐÌÌà@  &ìàPreambleˆÐ ›ë  ÐÌÌÓÓà  àIt€is€fundamental€to€our€legal€system€that€our€laws€beÐ  p  Ðinterpreted€by€a€competent,€fair,€honorable,€and€independent€Ð Î Ðjudiciary.€€Such€a€judiciary€is€essential€to€the€American€conceptÐ |Ì Ðof€justice.€€Intrinsic€to€all€sections€of€this€Code€are€theÐ *z Ðprecepts€that,€individually€and€collectively,€judges€must€honorÐ Ø( Ðand€respect€the€judicial€office€as€a€public€trust€and€strive€toÐ †Ö Ðenhance€and€maintain€public€confidence€in€our€legal€system.€€AÐ 4„ Ðjudge,€as€arbiter€of€facts€and€law€for€the€resolution€ofÐ â2 Ðdisputes,€is€a€highly€visible€symbol€of€government€under€the€ruleÐ à  Ðof€law.Ð >!Ž" Ðà  àThis€Code€sets€forth€basic€standards€for€the€conduct€of€allÐ ì"<$ Ðjudges€and€provides€guidance€in€establishing€and€maintaining€highÐ š$ê& Ðstandards€of€judicial€and€personal€conduct.šÐ H&˜!( Ðà  àThis€Code€consists€of€a€Terminology€section,€Canons,€whichÐ ö'F#* Ðset€forth€specific€rules€of€conduct,€and€Comments,€which€provideÐ ¤)ô$, Ðguidance€on€the€purpose€and€meaning€of€the€Canons€but€are€notÐ R+¢&. Ðintended€as€statements€of€additional€rules.Ð -P(0 Ðà  àWhen€ð ðshallðð€or€ð ðshall€notðð€is€used€in€the€text€of€a€Canon,Ð ° Ðit€is€intended€to€impose€a€binding€obligation,€the€violation€ofÐ ^® Ðwhich€can€result€in€disciplinary€action.€€When€ð ðshouldðð€orÐ  \ Ðð ðshould€notðð€is€used,€the€text€is€intended€as€hortatory€and€as€aÐ º  Ðstatement€of€what€is€or€is€not€appropriate€conduct€but€not€as€aÐ h ¸ Ðbinding€obligation€under€which€a€judge€may€be€disciplined.€€WhenÐ  f  Ðð ðmayðð€is€used,€it€denotes€permissible€discretion€or,€depending€onÐ Ä  Ðthe€context,€refers€to€action€that€is€not€covered€by€specificÐ r  Ðprohibitions.Ð  p  Ðà  àEven€as€to€binding€obligations,€however,€it€is€not€intendedÐ Î Ðthat€every€transgression€result€in€disciplinary€action.€€WhetherÐ |Ì Ðdisciplinary€action€is€appropriate,€and€the€degree€of€disciplineÐ *z Ðto€be€imposed,€should€depend€on€factors€such€as€the€seriousnessÐ Ø( Ðof€the€transgression,€whether€the€transgression€is€isolated€orÐ †Ö Ðpart€of€a€pattern€of€improper€activity,€and€the€effect€of€theÐ 4„ Ðimproper€activity€on€others€or€on€the€judicial€system.Ð â2 Ðà  àThe€Canons€are€rules€of€reason€that€should€be€applied€in€theÐ à  Ðcontext€of€all€relevant€circumstances€and€in€a€manner€that€isÐ >!Ž" Ðconsistent€with€constitutional€requirements,€statutes,€otherÐ ì"<$ Ðcourt€rules,€and€decisional€law.€€This€Code€should€be€construedÐ š$ê& Ðin€a€way€that€neither€infringes€on€the€essential€independence€ofÐ H&˜!( Ðjudges€in€making€judicial€decisions€nor€discourages€candidatesÐ ö'F#* Ðfrom€seeking€judicial€office.Ð ¤)ô$, Ðà  àThis€Code€includes€a€structure€for€regulating€conductÐ R+¢&. Ðthrough€disciplinary€agencies,€when€appropriate.€€It€is€notÐ -P(0 ÐÔ_Ôintended€to€be€a€basis€for€civil€liability€or€criminalÐ ° Ðprosecution.€€This€Code€should€not€be€invoked€for€mere€tacticalÐ ^® Ðadvantage€in€a€proceeding.Ð  \ Ðà  àIn€interpreting€this€Code,€attention€should€be€given€to€theÐ º  Ðopinions€of€the€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€and,€if€appropriate,Ð h ¸ Ðthe€Committee€should€be€asked€for€a€written€letter€of€advice€or€aÐ  f  Ðbinding€opinion.Ð Ä  ÐÓÓCommittee€note:€€This€Code€replaces€the€Maryland€Code€of€JudicialÐ r  ÐConduct€originally€adopted€by€Rules€Order€dated€November€21,Ð I™  Ð1986,€effective€July€1,€1987,€as€amended€from€time€to€timeÐ  p  Ð(ð ðMaryland€Code€(1987)ðð).€€This€Code€is€derived€from€the€MarylandÐ ÷G ÐCode€(1987)€and€the€Model€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct€adopted€by€theÐ Î ÐAmerican€Bar€Association€in€2000,€with€amendments€in€August€2003.€Ð ¥õ ÐThe€derivation€of€particular€provisions€of€this€Code€is€describedÐ |Ì Ðin€greater€detail€in€the€Source€Note€at€the€end€of€this€Code.Ð S£ ÐÌà  àThe€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€has€published€opinions€onÐ Q Ðissues€such€as€a€judge€owning€commercial€real€estate€(permissibleÐ Ø( Ðonly€if€no€appearance€of€impropriety€would€result),€accepting€anÐ ¯ÿ Ðexpense„paid€trip,€and€granting€a€stet€or€probation€conditionedÐ †Ö Ðon€a€criminal€defendant€making€a€monetary€donation.€€Adminis„Ð ]­ Ðtrative€Orders€of€the€Chief€Judge€of€the€Court€of€Appeals€alsoÐ 4„ Ðmay€provide€guidance.€€For€example,€as€to€the€anti„nepotismÐ  [ Ðpolicy€of€the€Judicial€Branch,€see€the€Orders€dated€October€3,Ð â2 Ð1996€and€January€31,€1997.Ð ¹  ÐÌÌÐ  >!Ž" Ðà@XX%ìàTerminologyˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àòòTerms€explained€below€are€noted€in€boldface€type€in€theÐ ^® ÐCanons€and€Comments€where€they€appear.óóÐ 7‡ ÐÌÌÓÓà  àIn€this€Code€the€following€definitions€apply€except€asÐ ¾  Ðexpressly€otherwise€provided€or€as€necessary€implicationÐ l ¼ Ðrequires:Ð  j  Ѐ€(a)€€FiduciaryÐ È  Ðà  à€€ð ðò òFiduciaryó óðð€includes€administrator,€attorney„in„fact€byÐ vÆ  Ðpower€of€attorney,€executor,€guardian,€personal€representative,Ð <Œ  Ðand€trustee.€Ð ê: ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(1)€(c)€and€(2)€and€4E.€€For€aÐ ˜è Ðdefinition€of€ð ðguardian,ðð€see€Rule€1„202€(j).Ð o¿ ÐÌÓÓ€€(b)€€GiftÐ m Ðà  à€€ð ðò òGiftó óðð€has€the€meaning€stated€in€Code,€State€GovernmentÐ Ë ÐArticle,€ðð15„102.€Ð ‘á ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canon€4D€(5).€€Ð ? ÐÌÓÓ€€(c)€€HonorariumÐ í= Ðà  à€€ð ðò òHonorariumó óðð€has€the€meaning€stated€in€Code,€StateÐ › ë! ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„102.Ð a"±# Ѐ€(d)€€Impartial,€Impartiality,€or€ImpartiallyÐ $_% Ðà  à€€ð ðò òImpartialó ó,ðð€ð ðò òimpartialityó ó,ðð€or€ð ðò òimpartiallyó óðð€denotesÐ ½% !' Ðabsence€of€bias€or€prejudice€in€favor€of,€or€against,€a€party€orÐ ƒ'Ó") Ðclass€of€parties,€as€well€as€maintaining€an€open€mind€inÐ 1)$+ Ðconsidering€each€issue€that€is€or€may€come€before€the€judge.Ð ß*/&- ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canons€2A;€3A,€B€(9),€and€D€(1);€4A€(1);Ð ,Ý'/ Ðand€5B€(1)(a)€and€(d).Ð d-´(0 ÐÐ ;.‹)1 ÐÓÓ€€(e)€€Knowingly,€Knowledge,€Known,€or€KnowsÐ ° Ðà  à€€ò òð ðKnowingly,ðð€ð ðknowledge,ðð€ð ðknown,ððó ó€or€ò òð ðknowsððó ó€means€actualÐ ^® Ðknowledge€of€the€fact€in€question.€€Actual€knowledge€may€beÐ $t Ðinferred€from€circumstances.€€Ð Ò " ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(1)(a),€(c),€and€(d)(i),€(ii),Ð € Ð Ð(iii),€and€(iv)€and€F€(2)€and€(3)€and€5B€(1)(e).Ð W §  ÐÌÓÓ€€(f)€€Member€of€Judgeððs€FamilyÐ U  Ðà  à€€ð ðò òMember€of€the€judgeððs€familyó óðð€means€a€spouse,€child,Ð ³  Ðgrandchild,€parent,€grandparent,€or€other€relative€or€individualÐ yÉ  Ðwith€whom€a€judge€maintains€a€close€familial€relationship.€€Ð 'w ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(1)(c)€and€4E€(1)(b)€and€(d)€andÐ Õ% ÐG€(1).Ð ¬ü ÐÌÓÓ€€(g)€€Member€of€Judgeððs€HouseholdÐ Zª Ðà  à€€ð ðò òMember€of€the€judgeððs€householdó óðð€has€the€meaning€statedÐ X Ðin€Code,€State€Government€Article,€ðð15„102€for€ð ðmember€ofÐ Î Ðhousehold.ðð€€Ð |Ì ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(2)€and€4D€(5).Ð *z Ѐ€(h)€€Political€OrganizationÐ Ø(  Ðà  à€€ð ðò òPolitical€organizationó óðð€means€a€political€party€or€otherÐ †!Ö" Ðgroup,€the€principal€purpose€of€which€is€to€further€the€electionÐ L#œ$ Ðor€appointment€of€one€or€more€candidates€to€political€office.€€Ð ú$J & ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canon€5B€(1)(b)€and€(c).Ð ¨&ø!( Ѐ€(i)€€RequireÐ V(¦#* Ðà  à€€ð ðò òRequire,ó óðð€in€the€context€that€a€judge€ð ðò òrequireó óðð€certainÐ *T%, Ðconduct€of€others,€means€that€the€judge€is€to€take€reasonableÐ Ê+'. Ðsteps€to€direct€and€control€the€conduct€of€those€persons.€€Ô_ÔÐ x-È(0 ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canon€3B€(3),€(5),€(8),€and€(11)€and€C€(2).Ð ° ÐÌÓÓ€€(j)€€Significant€Financial€InterestÐ ^® Ѐ€€€(1)€€ò òð ðSignificant€financial€interestððó ó€means€ownership€of:Ð  \ Ѐ€€€€€(A)€an€interest€as€the€result€of€which€the€owner€hasÐ Ò " Ðreceived€within€the€past€three€years,€is€currently€receiving,€orÐ € Ð Ðin€the€future€is€entitled€to€receive,€more€than€$1,000€per€year;Ð . ~  Ѐ€€€€€(B)€more€than€3%€of€a€business€entity;€or€Ð Ü,  Ðà  à€(C)€a€security€of€any€kind€that€represents,€or€isÐ ŠÚ  Ðconvertible€into,€more€than€3%€of€a€business€entity.Ð 8ˆ  Ѐ€€€(2)€In€applying€this€definition:Ð æ6 Ѐ€€€€€(A)€ownership€of€an€interest€in€a€mutual€or€commonÐ ”ä Ðinvestment€fund€that€holds€a€security€is€not€ownership€of€theÐ B’ Ðsecurity€unless:Ð ð@ Ѐ€€€€€€€(Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô)€the€judge€participates€in€the€management€of€the€fund;Ð žî ÐorÐ Lœ Ѐ€€€€€€€(ii)€there€is€before€the€judge€a€proceeding€that€couldÐ úJ Ðsubstantially€affect€the€value€of€the€interest,€or€suchÐ ¨ø  Ðproceeding€is€imminent;Ð V!¦" Ѐ€€€€€(B)€ownership€of€a€government€security€is€not€a€ò òsignificantÐ #T$ Ðfinancial€interestó ó€in€the€issuer€unless€there€is€before€the€judgeÐ Ê$ & Ða€proceeding€that€could€substantially€affect€the€value€of€theÐ &à!( Ðsecurity,€or€such€proceeding€is€imminent;Ð >(Ž#* Ѐ€€€€€(C)€neither€a€deposit€in€a€financial€institution€nor€aÐ ì)<%, Ðproprietary€interest€such€as€or€similar€to€that€of€a€depositor€inÐ š+ê&. Ða€mutual€savings€association,€member€in€a€credit€union,€or€policyÐ H-˜(0 Ðholder€in€a€mutual€insurance€company€is€a€ò òsignificant€financialÐ ° Ðinterestó ó€in€the€entity€unless€there€is€before€the€judge€aÐ vÆ Ðproceeding€that€could€substantially€affect€the€value€of€theÐ <Œ Ðdeposit€or€interest,€or€such€proceeding€is€imminent;€andÐ ê : Ѐ€€€€€(D)€an€ownership€interest€in€a€security€held€by€aÐ ˜ è Ðcharitable,€civic,€educational,€fraternal€or€sororal,€orÐ F –  Ðreligious€organization€will€not€be€imputed€to€a€judge€merelyÐ ôD  Ðbecause€the€judge€or€the€judgeððs€child,€parent,€or€spouse€is€anÐ ¢ò  Ðadviser€to€or€director€or€officer€of,€or€otherwise€activelyÐ P   Ðparticipates€in,€the€organization.€€Ð þN ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canon€3D€(1)(c)€and€(d)(iii).Ð ¬ü Ѐ€(k)€€Third€Degree€of€RelationshipÐ Zª Ðà  à€€ð ðò òThird€degree€of€relationshipó óðð€means€the€relationshipÐ X Ðbetween€a€judge€and€the€following€individuals:€a€great„Ð Î Ðgrandparent,€grandparent,€parent,€uncle,€aunt,€brother,€sister,Ð |Ì Ðchild,€grandchild,€great„grandchild,€nephew,€or€niece.€€Ð *z ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canon€3D€(1)(d).Ð Ø(  ÐÌÌÐ  â$2 & ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCANON€1ˆÐ ° ÐÌÌà@Ø Ø ìàIntegrity€and€Independence€of€the€JudiciaryˆÐ 5… ÐÌÌÌÓÓà  àAn€independent€and€honorable€judiciary€is€indispensable€toÐ ‘ á Ðjustice€in€our€society.€€A€judge€shall€observe€high€standards€ofÐ ?   Ðconduct€so€that€the€integrity€and€independence€of€the€judiciaryÐ í =  Ðwill€be€preserved.€€The€provisions€of€this€Code€are€to€beÐ ›ë  Ðconstrued€and€applied€to€further€that€objective.Ð I™  ÐÓÓÌ€€à@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ Î ÐÌà  àDeference€to€the€judgments€and€rulings€of€courts€dependsÐ |Ì Ðupon€public€confidence€in€the€integrity€and€independence€ofÐ S£ Ðjudges.€€The€integrity€and€independence€of€judges€depend€in€turnÐ *z Ðupon€their€acting€without€fear€or€favor.€€A€judiciary€ofÐ Q Ðintegrity€is€one€in€which€judges€are€known€for€their€fairness,Ð Ø( Ðhonesty,€probity,€soundness€of€character,€and€uprightness.€€AnÐ ¯ÿ Ðindependent€judiciary€is€one€free€of€inappropriate€outsideÐ †Ö Ðinfluence.€€Although€judges€should€be€independent,€they€mustÐ ]­ Ðcomply€with€the€law,€including€the€provisions€of€this€Code.€Ð 4„ ÐPublic€confidence€in€the€ò òimpartialityó ó€of€the€judiciary€isÐ  [ Ðmaintained€by€the€adherence€of€each€judge€to€this€responsibility.€Ð î> ÐConversely,€violation€of€this€Code€diminishes€public€confidenceÐ Å Ðin€the€judiciary€and€thereby€does€injury€to€the€system€ofÐ œì  Ðgovernment€under€law.Ð s Ã! ÐÌÌÌÌÐ  ¦$ö& ÐÑÈÑà@HH'ìàCANON€2ˆÐ ° ÐÌÌà@TT ìàAvoidance€of€Impropriety€and€the€Appearance€of€ImproprietyˆÐ 5… ÐÌÌÌÓÓA.€€A€judge€shall€avoid€impropriety€and€the€appearance€ofÐ ‘ á Ðimpropriety.€€A€judge€shall€respect€and€comply€with€the€law€andÐ ?   Ðshall€act€at€all€times€in€a€manner€that€promotes€publicÐ í =  Ðconfidence€in€the€ò òimpartialityó ó€and€integrity€of€the€judiciary.Ð ›ë  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ 8ˆ  ÐÌà  àPublic€confidence€in€the€judiciary€is€eroded€by€Ô_ÔirresponsiÔ_Ô„Ð æ6 ÐÔ_ÔbleÔ_Ô€or€improper€conduct€by€judges.€€A€judge€must€expect€to€be€theÐ ½  Ðsubject€of€constant€public€scrutiny.€€A€judge€must€thereforeÐ ”ä Ðaccept€restrictions€on€his€or€her€conduct€that€might€be€viewed€asÐ k» Ðburdensome€by€the€ordinary€citizen€and€should€do€so€freely€andÐ B’ Ðwillingly.€€Examples€are€the€restrictions€on€a€judgeððs€speechÐ i Ðimposed€by€Canon€3B€(8)€and€(9)€that€are€indispensable€to€theÐ ð@ Ðmaintenance€of€the€ò òimpartialityó ó,€independence,€and€integrity€ofÐ Ç Ðthe€judiciary.Ð ªú ÐÌà  àThe€obligation€to€avoid€impropriety€and€the€appearance€ofÐ X¨ Ðimpropriety€applies€to€both€the€professional€and€personal€conductÐ / Ðof€a€judge.€€Because€it€is€not€practicable€to€list€all€prohibitedÐ V Ðacts,€the€obligation€is€necessarily€cast€in€general€terms€thatÐ Ý- Ðextend€to€conduct€by€judges€that€is€harmful€although€notÐ ´  Ðspecifically€mentioned€in€this€Code.€€Actual€improprieties€underÐ ‹ Û! Ðthis€standard€include€violations€of€law,€other€specificÐ b!²" Ðprovisions€of€this€Code,€or€other€court€rules.€€The€test€forÐ 9"‰# Ðappearance€of€impropriety€is€whether€the€conduct€would€create€inÐ #`$ Ðreasonable€minds€a€perception€that€the€judgeððs€ability€to€carryÐ ç#7% Ðout€judicial€responsibilities€with€competence,€ò òimpartialityó ó,€andÐ ¾$ & Ðintegrity€is€impaired.€€See€also€the€Comment€to€Canon€2C.Ð ¡%ñ ' ÐÌÌÌÓÓB.€€A€judge€shall€not€allow€judicial€conduct€to€be€improperlyÐ ý(M$+ Ðinfluenced€or€appear€to€be€improperly€influenced€by€a€family,Ð «*û%- Ðpolitical,€social,€or€other€relationship€or€by€an€employment€Ð Y,©'/ ÐÐ .W)1 Ðoffer€or€opportunity.€€A€judge€shall€not€lend€or€use€the€prestigeÐ ° Ðof€judicial€office€to€advance€the€private€interests€of€the€judgeÐ ^® Ðor€others;€nor€shall€a€judge€convey€or€permit€others€to€conveyÐ  \ Ðthe€impression€that€they€are€in€a€special€position€to€influenceÐ º  Ðjudicial€conduct.€€A€judge€shall€not€testify€voluntarily€as€aÐ h ¸ Ðcharacter€witness.Ð  f  Ðà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ Ä  ÐÓÓà  àMaintaining€the€prestige€of€judicial€office€is€essential€toÐ r  Ða€system€of€government€in€which€the€judiciary€functionsÐ I™  Ðindependently€of€the€executive€and€legislative€branches.€€RespectÐ  p  Ðfor€the€judicial€office€facilitates€the€orderly€conduct€ofÐ ÷G Ðlegitimate€judicial€functions.€€Judges€should€distinguish€betweenÐ Î Ðproper€and€improper€use€of€the€prestige€of€office€in€all€of€theirÐ ¥õ Ðactivities.€€For€example,€it€would€be€improper€for€a€judge€toÐ |Ì Ðallude€to€his€or€her€judgeship€to€gain€a€personal€advantage,€suchÐ S£ Ðas€deferential€treatment€when€stopped€by€a€police€officer€for€aÐ *z Ðtraffic€offense.€€Similarly,€judicial€letterhead€must€not€be€usedÐ Q Ðfor€conducting€a€judgeððs€personal€business.Ð Ø( ÐÌà  àA€judge€also€must€avoid€lending€or€using€the€prestige€ofÐ †Ö Ðjudicial€office€for€the€advancement€of€the€private€interests€ofÐ ]­ Ðothers.€€For€example,€a€judge€must€not€use€the€judgeððs€judicialÐ 4„ Ðposition€to€gain€advantage€in€a€civil€suit€involving€a€ò òmember€ofÐ  [ Ðthe€judgeððs€familyó ó.€€As€to€the€acceptance€of€awards,€see€Canon€4D€Ð î> Ð(5)(c)€and€the€accompanying€Comment.Ð Ñ! ÐÌà  àAlthough€a€judge€should€be€sensitive€to€possible€abuse€ofÐ  Ï! Ðthe€prestige€of€office,€a€judge€may€serve€as€a€reference€orÐ V!¦" Ðprovide€a€letter€of€recommendation€based€on€the€judgeððs€ownÐ -"}# Ðò òknowledgešó ó.€€A€judge€must€not€initiate,€however,€a€personalÐ #T$ Ðcommunication€of€information€to€a€sentencing€judge€or€a€Ð ç#7% Ðcorrections€or€probation€officer€but€may€provide€to€suchÐ ¾$ & Ðofficials€information€for€the€record€in€response€to€a€formalÐ •%å ' Ðrequest.Ð l&¼!( ÐÌà  àJudges€may€participate€in€the€process€of€judicial€selectionÐ (j#* Ðby€cooperating€with€appointing€authorities€and€screeningÐ ñ(A$+ Ðcommittees€seeking€names€for€consideration.Ð È)%, ÐÌà  àA€judge€must€not€testify€voluntarily€as€a€character€witnessÐ v+Æ&. Ðbecause€to€do€so€may€lend€the€prestige€of€judicial€office€inÐ M,'/ Ðsupport€of€the€party€for€whom€the€judge€testifies.€€A€judge€may,Ð $-t(0 Ðhowever,€testify€when€properly€subpoenaed.€Ð û-K)1 ЇCommittee€note:€€The€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€has€held€that€aÐ ° Ðjudgeððs€judicial€and€non„judicial€activities€should€not€raiseÐ ‡× Ðquestions€as€to€improper€favoritism,€partiality,€or€influence€dueÐ ^® Ðto€familial€or€social€connections,€indebtedness€(such€as€mightÐ 5… Ðarise€through€referral€of€business€to€family€or€friend),Ð  \ Ðpolitical€en‚dorsement,€accep‚tance€of€gifts,€fund„raising,€orÐ ã3 Ðentrepreneurial€activities.Ð º  ÐÌÌÓÓC.€€A€judge€shall€not€hold€membership€in€any€organization€thatÐ ?   Ðpractices€invidious€discrimination€on€the€basis€of€nationalÐ í =  Ðorigin,€race,€religion,€or€sex.€€Ð ›ë  ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ I™  ÐÌ€€€€Membership€of€a€judge€in€an€organization€that€practicesÐ ÷G Ðinvidious€discrimination€on€the€basis€of€national€origin,€race,Ð Î Ðreligion,€or€sex€gives€rise€to€perceptions€that€the€judge'sÐ ¥õ Ðò òimpartialityó ó€is€impaired.€€It€is€therefore€inappropriate€for€aÐ |Ì Ðjudge€to€continue€to€hold€membership€in€an€organization€that€theÐ _¯ Ðjudge€ò òknowsó ó,€or€reasonably€should€ò òknowó ó,€practices€and€willÐ 6† Ðcontinue€to€practice€such€invidious€discrimination€so€as€to€giveÐ i Ðrise€to€the€perception€that€the€judge's€ò òimpartialityó ó€is€impaired.€Ð ð@ ÐMembership€in€an€organization€would€not€be€prohibited€unless€thatÐ Ó# Ðmembership€would€reasonably€give€rise€to€a€perception€ofÐ ªú Ðpartiality.€€Certain€organizations€ð!ð€such€as€congregationalÐ Ñ Ðbrotherhoods,€sisterhoods,€or€bowling€leagues€ð!ð€may€well€beÐ X¨ Ðrestricted€to€individuals€belonging€to€the€particularÐ / Ðcongregation€and€therefore€to€those€sharing€a€particularÐ V Ðreligious€belief,€but€it€is€unlikely€that€membership€in€such€anÐ Ý- Ðorganization€would€cause€people€reasonably€to€believe€that€theÐ ´  Ðjudge€is€partial.Ð ‹ Û! ÐÌà  àWhether€an€organization€practices€and€will€continue€toÐ 9"‰# Ðpractice€that€kind€of€invidious€discrimination€is€often€a€complexÐ #`$ Ðquestion€to€which€judges€should€be€sensitive.€€The€answer€cannotÐ ç#7% Ðbe€determined€merely€from€an€examination€of€an€organization'sÐ ¾$ & Ðcurrent€membership€rolls€but€may€depend€on€(1)€the€nature€andÐ •%å ' Ðpurpose€of€the€organization,€(2)€any€restrictions€on€membership,Ð l&¼!( Ð(3)€the€history€of€the€organization's€selection€of€members,€andÐ C'“") Ð(4)€other€relevant€factors€such€as€that€the€organization€isÐ (j#* Ðdedicated€to€the€preservation€of€cultural,€ethnic,€or€religiousÐ ñ(A$+ Ðvalues€of€legitimate€common€interest€to€its€members,€or€that€itÐ È)%, Ðis,€in€fact€and€effect,€an€intimate,€purely€private€organizationÐ Ÿ*ï%- Ðwhose€membership€limitations€could€not€be€constitutionallyÐ v+Æ&. Ðprohibited.€€Absent€such€factors,€an€organization€is€generallyÐ M,'/ Ðsaid€to€discriminate€invidiously€if€it€arbitrarily€excludes€fromÐ $-t(0 Ðmembership,€on€the€basis€of€national€origin,€race,€religion,€orÐ û-K)1 Ðsex,€individuals€who€otherwise€would€be€admitted€to€membership.€€Ð ° ÐÌà  àAlthough€Canon€2C€relates€only€to€membership€in€Ô_ÔorganizaÔ_Ô„Ð ^® ÐÔ_ÔtionsÔ_Ô€that€invidiously€discriminate€on€the€basis€of€nationalÐ 5… Ðorigin,€race,€religion,€or€sex,€a€judge's€membership€in€anÐ  \ Ðorganization€that€engages€in€any€discriminatory€membershipÐ ã3 Ðpractices€prohibited€by€the€law€of€the€jurisdiction€also€violatesÐ º  ÐCanon€2A€and€gives€the€appearance€of€impropriety.€In€addition,€itÐ ‘ á Ðwould€be€a€violation€of€Canon€2€for€a€judge€to€arrange€a€meetingÐ h ¸ Ðat€a€club€that€the€judge€ò òknowsó ó€practices€invidious€discriminationÐ ?   Ðon€the€basis€of€national€origin,€race,€religion,€or€sex,€in€itsÐ " r  Ðmembership€or€other€policies,€or€for€the€judge€to€use€such€clubÐ ù I  Ðregularly.€€Moreover,€public€manifestation€by€a€judge€of€theÐ Ð  Ðjudge's€ò òknowingó ó€approval€of€invidious€discrimination€on€any€basisÐ §÷  Ðgives€the€appearance€of€impropriety€under€Canon€2€and€diminishesÐ ŠÚ  Ðpublic€confidence€in€the€ò òimpartialityó ó€and€integrity€of€theÐ a±  Ðjudiciary,€in€violation€of€Canon€2A.Ð D”  ÐÌà  àWhen€a€judge€learns€that€an€organization€to€which€the€judgeÐ òB Ðbelongs€engages€in€invidious€discrimination€that€would€precludeÐ É Ðmembership€under€Canon€2C€or€under€Canon€2A,€the€judge€isÐ  ð Ðpermitted,€in€lieu€of€resigning,€to€make€immediate€efforts€toÐ wÇ Ðhave€the€organization€discontinue€its€invidiously€discriminatoryÐ Nž Ðpractices,€but€is€required€to€suspend€participation€in€all€otherÐ %u Ðactivities€of€the€organization.€€If€the€organization€fails€toÐ üL Ðdiscontinue€its€invidiously€discriminatory€practices€as€promptlyÐ Ó# Ðas€possible€(and€in€all€events€within€two€years€of€the€judge'sÐ ªú Ðfirst€learning€of€the€practices),€the€judge€is€required€to€resignÐ Ñ Ðimmediately€from€the€organization.Ð X¨ ÐÌÌÌÑ€OYÑÌÌÐ  b!²" ÐÔ_Ôà@HH'ìàCANON€3ˆÐ ° ÐÌÌà@ä ä ìàPerformance€of€Judicial€DutiesˆÐ 5… ÐÌÌÓÓà  àIn€the€performance€of€judicial€duties,€the€followingÐ º  Ðstandards€apply.Ð h ¸ ÐÌA.€€GENERAL€RESPONSIBILITIES.Ð Ä  Ðà  àA€judge€shall€perform€the€duties€of€judicial€office€Ð r  Ðdiligently,€ò òimpartiallyó ó,€and€without€having€or€manifesting€biasÐ  p  Ðor€prejudice,€including€bias€or€prejudice€based€on€age,Ð æ6 Ðdisability,€national€origin,€race,€religion,€sex,€sexualÐ ”ä Ðorientation,€or€socioeconomic€status.€šÐ B’ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ Ç ÐÌà  àA€judge€must€perform€judicial€duties€fairly€and€ò òimpartiallyó ó.Ð uÅ ÐA€judge€who€manifests€bias€of€any€kind€in€a€proceeding€impairsÐ X¨ Ðthe€fairness€of€the€proceeding€and€brings€the€judiciary€intoÐ / Ðdisrepute.€€Facial€expression€and€body€language,€in€addition€toÐ V Ðoral€communication,€can€give€an€appearance€of€judicial€bias.€€AÐ Ý- Ðjudge€must€be€alert€to€avoid€behavior€that€may€be€perceived€asÐ ´  Ðprejudicial.€€For€example,€a€judge€must€refrain€from€comment,Ð ‹ Û! Ðgesture,€or€other€conduct€that€could€reasonably€be€perceived€asÐ b!²" Ðsexual€harassment.Ð 9"‰# ÐÌÌÌB.€€ADJUDICATIVE€RESPONSIBILITIES.Ð •%å ' Ѐ€Ð l&¼!( ÐÓÓà  à(1)€A€judge€shall€be€faithful€to€the€law€and€maintainÐ C'“") Ðprofessional€competence€in€it.Ð ñ(A$+ Ðà  à(2)€A€judge€shall€not€be€swayed€by€partisan€interests,Ð Ÿ*ï%- Ðpublic€clamor,€or€fear€of€criticism.Ð M,'/ Ðà  à(3)€A€judge€shall€ò òrequireó ó€order€and€decorum€in€proceedingsÐ û-K)1 Ðbefore€the€judge.Ð ° Ðà  à(4)€A€judge€shall€be€dignified.€Ð ^® Ðà  à(5)€A€judge€shall€be€courteous€to€and€patient€with€jurors,Ð  \ Ðlawyers,€litigants,€witnesses,€and€others€with€whom€the€judgeÐ º  Ðdeals€in€an€official€capacity€and€shall€ò òrequireó ó€similar€conductÐ h ¸ Ðof€lawyers€and€of€court€officials,€staff,€and€others€subject€toÐ . ~  Ðthe€judge's€direction€and€control.Ð Ü,  ÐÓÓà@ìì*ìàˆÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ a±  ÐÌà  àThe€duty€to€hear€all€proceedings€fairly€and€with€patience€isÐ _ Ðnot€inconsistent€with€the€duty€to€dispose€promptly€of€theÐ æ6 Ðbusiness€of€the€court.€€Judges€can€be€businesslike€and€efficientÐ ½  Ðwhile€being€deliberate€and€patient.Ð ”ä ÐÌÓÓà  à(6)€(a)€€A€judge€shall€accord€to€every€person€who€has€aÐ B’ Ðlegal€interest€in€a€proceeding€pending€before€the€judge,€or€thatÐ ð@ Ðpersonððs€lawyer,€the€right€to€be€heard€according€to€law.Ð žî Ѐ€€€€€(b)€€While€presiding€over€a€proceeding,€a€judge€shallÐ Lœ Ðneither€initiate,€permit,€or€consider€òòex€parteóó€communications€norÐ úJ Ðconsider€other€communications€made€to€the€judge€outside€theÐ ¬ü  Ðpresence€of€the€parties€concerning€a€pending€or€impendingÐ Z!ª" Ðproceeding,€except€as€otherwise€provided€in€Canon€3B€(6).Ð #X$ Ðà  à(c)€òòEx€parteóó€communications€that€relate€to€scheduling€orÐ ¶$ & Ðother€administrative€purposes€or€emergencies€and€not€toÐ h&¸!( Ðsubstantive€matters€or€issues€on€the€merits€are€authorized,€if:Ð (f#* Ð(i)€circumstances€require;€(ii)€the€judge€reasonably€believesÐ Ä)%, Ðthat€no€party€will€gain€a€procedural€or€tactical€advantage€as€aÐ r+Â&. Ðresult€of€the€communication;€(iii)€the€judge€makes€provisionÐ  -p(0 Ðpromptly€to€notify€all€other€parties€as€to€the€substance€of€theÐ ° Ðòòex€parteóó€communication;€and€(iv)€the€judge€affords€the€partiesÐ ^® Ðreasonable€opportunity€to€respond.Ð ` Ðà  à(d)€With€the€consent€of€the€parties,€a€judge€may€conferÐ ¾  Ðseparately€with€the€parties€and€their€lawyers€in€an€effort€toÐ l ¼ Ðmediate€or€settle€matters€pending€before€the€judge.Ð  j  Ðà  à(e)€A€judge€may€obtain€the€advice€of€a€disinterested€expertÐ È  Ðon€the€law€applicable€to€a€proceeding€if€the€judge:€(i)€makesÐ vÆ  Ðprovision€promptly€to€notify€all€of€the€parties€as€to€the€expertÐ $t  Ðconsulted€and€the€substance€of€the€advice;€and€(ii)€affords€theÐ Ò" Ðparties€reasonable€opportunity€to€respond.Ð €Ð Ðà  à(f)€A€judge€may€consult€with€court€personnel€whose€functionÐ .~ Ðis€to€aid€the€judge€in€carrying€out€the€judgeððs€adjudicativeÐ Ü, Ðresponsibilities€and€with€other€judges.Ð ŠÚ Ðà  à(g)€A€judge€may€initiate€or€consider€an€òòex€parteóóÐ 8ˆ Ðcommunication€when€expressly€authorized€by€law€to€do€so.Ð ê: ÐÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ F!–" ÐÓÓà  àThe€prohibition€against€communications€concerning€aÐ ô"D$ Ðproceeding€includes€communications€from€lawyers,€law€teachers,Ð Ë#% Ðand€other€persons€who€are€not€participants€in€the€proceeding,Ð ¢$ò& Ðexcept€to€the€limited€extent€permitted.€Ð y%É ' ÐÌà  àTo€the€extent€practicable,€all€parties€or€their€lawyers€mustÐ ''w") Ðbe€included€in€communications€with€a€judge.Ð þ'N#* ÐÌà  àWhenever€Canon€3B€(6)€requires€the€presence€of,€or€noticeÐ ¬)ü$, Ðto,€a€party,€it€is€the€partyððs€lawyer€or,€if€the€party€isÐ ƒ*Ó%- Ðunrepresented,€the€party€who€is€to€be€present€or€to€whom€noticeÐ Z+ª&. Ðis€to€be€given.Ð 1,'/ ÐÌÐ  ß-/)1 Ðà  àAn€appropriate€and€often€desirable€procedure€for€a€court€toÐ ° Ðobtain€the€advice€of€a€disinterested€expert€on€legal€issues€is€toÐ ‡× Ðinvite€the€expert€to€file€a€brief€òòamicus€curiaeóó.Ð ^® ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(6)€allows€for€limited€òòex€parteóó€communication€toÐ ^ Ðfacilitate€scheduling€and€other€administrative€purposes€and€toÐ ç7 Ðaccommodate€emergencies.€€Even€then,€however,€a€judge€mustÐ ¾  Ðdiscourage€òòex€parteóó€communication€and€allow€it€only€if€all€of€theÐ • å Ðcriteria€stated€in€Canon€3B€(6)€clearly€are€met.€€A€judge€mustÐ n ¾ Ðdisclose€to€all€parties€all€òòex€parteóó€communication€described€inÐ E •  ÐCanon€3B€(6)(c)€and€(e)€regarding€a€proceeding€pending€orÐ  n  Ðimpending€before€the€judge.Ð õ E  ÐÌà  àA€judge€must€not€independently€investigate€facts€in€a€caseÐ £ó  Ðand€must€consider€only€the€evidence€presented,€except€matters€ofÐ zÊ  Ðwhich€the€court€properly€can€take€judicial€notice.Ð Q¡  ÐÌà  àA€judge€may€request€a€party€to€submit€proposed€findings€ofÐ ÿO Ðfact€and€conclusions€of€law€if€all€of€the€other€parties€areÐ Ö& Ðapprised€of€the€request€and€given€an€opportunity€to€respond€toÐ ­ý Ðthe€proposed€findings€and€conclusions.Ð „Ô ÐÌà  àA€judge€must€make€reasonable€efforts,€including€theÐ 2‚ Ðprovision€of€appropriate€supervision,€to€ensure€that€Canon€3B€(6)Ð  Y Ðis€not€violated€through€law€clerks€or€other€personnel€on€theÐ à0 Ðjudgeððs€staff.Ð · ÐÌà  àIf€communication€between€a€trial€judge€and€appellate€courtÐ eµ Ðwith€respect€to€a€proceeding€is€permitted,€a€copy€of€all€writtenÐ <Œ Ðcommunications€and€the€substance€of€all€oral€communicationsÐ c Ðshould€be€provided€to€all€parties.Ð ê: ÐÌÌÓÓà  à(7)€A€judge€shall€dispose€of€the€business€of€the€courtÐ o ¿! Ðefficiently,€fairly,€and€promptly.Ð "m# ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ¢$ò& ÐÌà  àPrompt€disposition€of€the€court's€business€requires€a€judgeÐ P& !( Ðto€devote€adequate€time€to€judicial€duties,€to€be€punctual€inÐ ''w") Ðattending€court€and€expeditious€in€determining€matters€underÐ þ'N#* Ðsubmission,€and€to€insist€that€court€officials€and€litigants€andÐ Õ(%$+ Ðtheir€lawyers€cooperate€to€that€end.€€Ð ¬)ü$, ÐÌÓÓà  à(8)€A€judge€shall€abstain€from€public€comment€that€relatesÐ Z+ª&. Ðto€a€proceeding€pending€or€impending€in€any€court€and€that€mightÐ -X(0 Ðreasonably€be€expected€to€affect€the€outcome€of€that€proceedingÐ ° Ðor€to€impair€the€fairness€of€that€proceeding€and€shall€ò òrequireó óÐ ^® Ðsimilar€abstention€on€the€part€of€court€personnel€subject€to€theÐ $t Ðjudge's€direction€and€control.€€Canon€3B€(8)€does€not€prohibit€aÐ Ò " Ðjudge€from€making€public€statements€in€the€course€of€officialÐ € Ð Ðduties€or€from€explaining€for€public€information€the€proceduresÐ . ~  Ðof€the€court.Ð Ü,  ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ŠÚ  ÐÌà  à"Court€personnel"€does€not€include€the€lawyers€in€aÐ 8ˆ  Ðproceeding€before€a€judge.€The€conduct€of€lawyers€in€this€regardÐ _ Ðis€governed€by€Rule€3.6€of€the€Maryland€[Lawyers']€Rules€ofÐ æ6 ÐProfessional€Conduct.Ð ½  ÐÌÌÓÓà  à(9)€With€respect€to€a€case,€controversy,€or€issue€that€isÐ B’ Ðlikely€to€come€before€the€court,€a€judge€shall€not€make€aÐ ð@ Ðcommitment,€pledge,€or€promise€that€is€inconsistent€with€theÐ žî Ðò òimpartialó ó€performance€of€the€adjudicative€duties€of€the€office.Ð Lœ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ é9 ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(8)€and€(9)€restrictions€on€a€judgeððs€speech€areÐ — ç! Ðessential€to€the€maintenance€of€the€ò òimpartialityó ó,€independence,Ð n!¾" Ðand€integrity€of€the€judiciary.€€A€pending€proceeding€is€one€thatÐ Q"¡# Ðhas€begun€but€not€yet€reached€final€disposition.€€An€impendingÐ (#x$ Ðproceeding€is€one€that€is€anticipated€but€not€yet€begun.€€TheÐ ÿ#O% Ðrequirement€that€a€judge€abstain€from€public€comment€regarding€aÐ Ö$& & Ðpending€or€impending€proceeding€continues€during€any€appellateÐ ­%ý ' Ðprocess€and€until€final€disposition.Ð „&Ô!( ÐÌÓÓà  à(10)€At€the€conclusion€of€a€jury€trial,€the€judge€shall€notÐ 2(‚#* Ðcommunicate€to€the€jury€the€judgeððs€praise€or€criticism€of€theÐ à)0%, Ðverdict€but€may€thank€the€jurors€for€their€public€service.Ð Ž+Þ&. ÐÓÓÐ  <-Œ(0 ÐÑOYÑâ âѰ°Ñâ âÑ  Ñà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àCommending€or€criticizing€jurors€for€their€verdict€may€implyÐ ^® Ða€judicial€expectation€in€future€cases€and€may€impair€a€jurorððsÐ 5… Ðability€to€be€fair€and€ò òimpartialó ó€in€a€subsequent€case.Ð  \ ÐÌÓÓà  à(11)€A€judge€shall€ò òrequireó ó€lawyers€in€proceedings€before€theÐ Æ  Ðjudge€to€refrain€from€manifesting,€by€word€or€conduct,€bias€orÐ Œ Ü Ðprejudice€based€upon€age,€disability,€national€origin,€race,Ð : Š  Ðreligion,€sex,€sexual€orientation,€or€socioeconomic€status.€Ð è8  ÐCanon€3B€(11)€does€not€preclude€legitimate€advocacy€when€suchÐ –æ  Ðstatus€or€other€similar€factor€is€an€issue€in€a€proceeding.€€Ð D”  Ðà  à(12)€Unless€recusal€is€appropriate,€a€judge€shall€hear€andÐ òB Ðdecide€matters€assigned€to€the€judge.Ð  ð ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€As€to€court€records,€see€Title€16,€Chapter€1000Ð Nž Ðof€the€Maryland€Rules.€€As€to€prohibitions€against,€and€penaltiesÐ %u Ðfor,€improper€disclosure€or€use€of€information€by€governmentÐ üL Ðofficials€and€employees,€see€Code,€State€Government€Article,Ð Ó# Ððððð15„507€and€15„903.€€As€to€civil€and€criminal€provisionsÐ ªú Ðgoverning€improper€disclosure€of€information,€see,€e.g.,€Code,Ð Ñ ÐState€Government€Article,€ðððð10„626€and€10„627€(public€records)Ð X¨ Ðand€Code,€Tax„General€Article,€ðð13„1018€(tax€information).Ð / ÐÌÌÌÓÓC.€ADMINISTRATIVE€RESPONSIBILITIES.Ð ‹ Û! Ðà  à(1)€A€judge€shall€discharge€the€judge's€administrativeÐ 9"‰# Ðresponsibilities€without€favoritism€or€nepotism€and€shallÐ ç#7% Ðcooperate€with€other€judges€and€court€officials€in€theÐ •%å ' Ðadministration€of€court€business.Ð C'“") Ðà  à(2)€A€judge€shall€ò òrequireó ó€court€officials,€staff,€and€othersÐ ñ(A$+ Ðsubject€to€the€judgeððs€direction€and€control€to€observe€theÐ ·*&- Ðstandards€of€diligence€and€fidelity€that€apply€to€the€judge€andÐ e,µ'/ Ðto€refrain€from€manifesting€bias€or€prejudice€in€the€performanceÐ .c)1 Ðof€their€official€duties.Ð ° Ðà  à(3)€A€judge€with€supervisory€authority€for€the€judicialÐ ^® Ðperformance€of€other€judges€shall€take€reasonable€measures€toÐ  \ Ðensure€the€prompt€disposition€of€matters€before€those€judges€andÐ º  Ðthe€proper€performance€of€their€other€judicial€responsibilities.Ð h ¸ Ðà  à(4)€A€judge€shall€not€make€unnecessary€appointments€andÐ  f  Ðshall€not€approve€compensation€of€appointees€beyond€the€fairÐ Ä  Ðvalue€of€services€rendered.€€Ð r  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ÷G ÐÌ€€€€€€Consent€by€the€parties€to€an€appointment€or€an€award€ofÐ ¥õ Ðcompensation€does€not€relieve€a€judge€of€the€obligationÐ |Ì Ðprescribed€by€Canon€3C€(4).Ð S£ Ðà  àÌÓÓÌD.€€RECUSAL.Ð ¯ÿ Ðà  à(1)€A€judge€shall€recuse€himself€or€herself€from€aÐ ]­ Ðproceeding€in€which€the€judge's€ò òimpartialityó ó€might€reasonably€beÐ  [ Ðquestioned,€including€an€instance€when:Ð Ñ! Ðà  àà ` à(a)€the€judge€has€a€personal€bias€or€prejudiceÐ  Ï! Ðconcerning€a€party€or€a€partyððs€lawyer€or€extra„judicialÐ -"}# Ðò òknowledgeó ó€of€a€disputed€evidentiary€fact€concerning€theÐ Û#+% Ðproceeding;€€Ð ¡%ñ ' Ðà  àà ` à(b)€the€judge€served€as€a€lawyer€in€the€matter€inÐ O'Ÿ") Ðcontroversy,€or€a€lawyer€with€whom€the€judge€previously€practicedÐ ý(M$+ Ðlaw€served€during€such€association€as€a€lawyer€concerning€theÐ «*û%- Ðmatter,€or€the€judge€has€been€a€material€witness€concerning€it;Ð Y,©'/ ÐÓÓÐ  .W)1 Ðà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àA€lawyer€in€a€governmental€agency€does€not€necessarily€haveÐ ^® Ðan€association€with€other€lawyers€employed€by€that€agency€withinÐ 5… Ðthe€meaning€of€Canon€3D€(1)(b);€a€judge€formerly€employed€by€aÐ  \ Ðgovernmental€agency,€however,€should€not€participate€in€aÐ ã3 Ðproceeding€if€the€judge's€ò òimpartialityó ó€might€reasonably€beÐ º  Ðquestioned€because€of€such€association.€€Ð  í ÐÌÓÓà  àà ` à(c)€the€judge€ò òknowsó ó€that€he€or€she,€individually€or€asÐ K ›  Ða€ò òfiduciaryó ó,€or€a€ò òmember€of€the€judgeððs€familyó ó,€has€aò ò€significantÐ a  Ðfinancial€interestó ó€in€the€subject€matter€in€controversy€or€in€aÐ ×'  Ðparty€to€the€proceeding;Ð í  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ "r ÐÌà  àThere€may€be€situations€that€involve€a€lesser€financialÐ Ð  Ðinterest€but€nonetheless€require€recusal€because€of€the€judge'sÐ §÷ Ðown€sense€of€propriety.€Ð ~Î ÐÌÓÓà  àà ` à(d)€the€judge,€the€judgeððs€spouse,€an€individual€withinÐ ,| Ðthe€ò òthird€degree€of€relationshipó ó€to€either€of€them,€or€the€spouseÐ Ú* Ðof€such€an€individual:Ð  ð Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(i)€is€ò òknownó ó€to€be€a€party€to€the€proceeding€or€aÐ Nž Ðdirector,€officer,€or€trustee€of€a€party;€€Ð  d  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(ii)€is€ò òknownó ó€to€be€acting€as€a€lawyer€in€theÐ Â!" Ðproceeding;Ð ˆ#Ø$ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ  &]!' ÐÌà  àThe€fact€that€a€lawyer€in€a€proceeding€is€affiliated€with€aÐ »' #) Ðlaw€firm€with€which€a€lawyer-relative€of€a€judge€is€affiliatedÐ ’(â#* Ðdoes€not€of€itself€require€recusal€of€the€judge.€€UnderÐ i)¹$+ Ðappropriate€circumstances,€the€fact€that€"the€judge'sÐ @*%, Ðò òimpartialityó ó€might€reasonably€be€questioned"€under€Canon€3D€(1),€Ð  +g&- Ðor€that€the€lawyer-relative€is€ò òknownó ó€by€the€judge€to€have€anÐ ° Ðinterest€in€the€law€firm€that€could€be€"substantially€affected€byÐ “ã Ðthe€proceeding"€under€Canon€3D€(1)(d)(iii),€may€require€theÐ jº Ðjudge's€recusal.Ð A‘ ÐÌÓÓà  àà ` àà ¸ à(iii)€is€ò òknownó ó€by€the€judge€to€have€a€ò òsignificantÐ ï? Ðfinancial€interestó ó€that€could€be€substantially€affected€by€theÐ µ  Ðproceeding;€or€€Ð { Ë  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(iv)€is€to€the€judge's€ò òknowledgeó ó€likely€to€be€aÐ )y  Ðmaterial€witness€in€the€proceeding;€orÐ ï?  Ðà  àà ` à(e)€the€judge,€while€a€judge€or€a€candidate€forÐ í  Ðjudicial€office,€has€made€a€public€statement€that€commits,€orÐ K› Ðappears€to€commit,€the€judge€with€respect€to:Ð ùI Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(i)€an€issue€in€the€proceeding;€orÐ §÷ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(ii)€the€controversy€in€the€proceeding.Ð U¥ Ѐ€€€(2)€A€judge€shall€keep€informed€about€the€judgeððs€personalÐ S Ðand€ò òfiduciaryó ó€financial€interests€and€shall€make€a€reasonableÐ ± Ðeffort€to€keep€informed€about€the€personal€financial€interests€ofÐ wÇ Ðeach€ò òmember€of€the€judgeððsó ó€ò òhouseholdó ó.Ð %u ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ Â!" ÐÌà  àUnder€Canon€3D€(1),€a€judge€must€recuse€himself€or€herselfÐ p#À$ Ðwhenever€the€judgeððs€ò òimpartialityó ó€might€reasonably€be€questioned,Ð G$—% Ðregardless€of€whether€any€of€the€specific€instances€in€Canon€3DÐ *%z & Ð(1)€apply.€Ð &Q!' ÐÌà  àA€judge€must€disclose€on€the€record€information€that€theÐ ¯'ÿ") Ðjudge€believes€the€parties€or€their€lawyers€might€considerÐ †(Ö#* Ðrelevant€to€the€question€of€recusal,€even€if€the€judge€believesÐ ])­$+ Ðthat€there€is€no€real€basis€for€recusal.Ð 4*„%, ÐÌà  àBy€decisional€law,€the€rule€of€necessity€may€override€theÐ â+2'. Ðrule€of€recusal.€€For€example,€a€judge€might€be€required€toÐ ¹, (/ Ðparticipate€in€judicial€review€of€a€judicial€salary€statute€or€Ð  -à(0 Ðmight€be€the€only€judge€available€in€a€matter€requiring€immediateÐ ° Ðjudicial€action,€such€as€a€hearing€on€probable€cause€or€aÐ ‡× Ðtemporary€restraining€order.€€When€the€rule€of€necessity€doesÐ ^® Ðoverride€the€rule€of€recusal,€the€judge€must€disclose€on€theÐ 5… Ðrecord€the€basis€for€possible€recusal€and,€if€practicable,€useÐ  \ Ðreasonable€efforts€to€transfer€the€matter€promptly€to€anotherÐ ã3 Ðjudge.Ð º  ÐÌÌÌÓÓE.€NON-RECUSAL€BY€AGREEMENT.Ð  f  Ѐ€€€€If€recusal€would€be€required€by€Canon€3D,€the€judge€mayÐ Ä  Ðdisclose€on€the€record€the€reason€for€the€recusal.€€If€afterÐ r  Ðdisclosure€of€any€reason€for€recusal€other€than€as€required€byÐ  p  ÐCanon€3D€(1)(a),€the€parties€and€lawyers,€out€of€the€presence€ofÐ Î Ðthe€judge,€all€agree€that€the€judge€need€not€recuse€himself€orÐ |Ì Ðherself,€and€the€judge€is€willing€to€participate,€the€agreementÐ *z Ðof€the€parties€shall€be€incorporated€in€the€record,€and€the€judgeÐ Ø( Ðmay€participate€in€the€proceeding.Ð †Ö ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ  [ ÐÌà  àThis€procedure€gives€the€parties€an€opportunity€to€waive€theÐ ¹  Ðrecusal€if€the€judge€agrees.€€The€judge€may€comment€on€possibleÐ à  Ðwaiver€but€must€ensure€that€consideration€of€the€question€ofÐ g ·! Ðwaiver€is€made€independently€of€the€judge.€€A€party€may€actÐ >!Ž" Ðthrough€counsel€if€counsel€represents€on€the€record€that€theÐ "e# Ðparty€has€been€consulted€and€consents.€€As€a€practical€matter,€aÐ ì"<$ Ðjudge€may€wish€to€have€all€parties€and€their€lawyers€sign€aÐ Ã#% Ðwaiver€agreement.Ð š$ê& ÐÌÌÌÓÓF.€€DISCIPLINARY€RESPONSIBILITIES.Ð ö'F#* Ðà  à(1)€A€judge€should€take€or€initiate€appropriate€correctiveÐ ¤)ô$, Ðmeasures€with€respect€to€the€unprofessional€conduct€of€anotherÐ R+¢&. Ðjudge€or€a€lawyer.Ð -P(0 Ѐ€€€€(2)€If€other€corrective€measures€are€not€appropriate€or,€ifÐ ° Ðattempted,€were€not€successful,€a€judge€shall€inform€theÐ ^® ÐCommission€on€Judicial€Disabilities€of€facts€ò òknownó ó€to€that€judgeÐ  \ Ðthat€raise€a€substantial€question€as€to€another€judgeððs€fitnessÐ Ò " Ðfor€office.Ð € Ð Ðà  à(3)€If€other€corrective€measures€are€not€appropriate€or,€ifÐ . ~  Ðattempted,€were€not€successful,€a€judge€shall€inform€the€AttorneyÐ Ü,  ÐGrievance€Commission€of€facts€ò òknownó ó€to€the€judge€that€raise€aÐ ŠÚ  Ðsubstantial€question€as€to€a€lawyerððs€honesty,€trustworthiness,Ð P   Ðor€fitness€as€a€lawyer€in€other€respects.Ð þN Ðà  à(4)€Acts€of€a€judge€required€or€permitted€by€Canon€3F€(1),Ð ¬ü Ð(2),€or€(3)€shall€be€absolutely€privileged.Ð Zª ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ß/ ÐÌà  àPermitting€a€judge€to€take€"corrective"€measures€gives€theÐ Ý Ðjudge€a€wide€range€of€options€to€deal€with€unprofessionalÐ d´ Ðconduct.š€€Appropriate€corrective€measures€may€include€directÐ ;‹ Ðcommunication€with€the€judge€or€lawyer€who€is€believed€to€haveÐ b Ðcommitted€the€violation€or€other€direct€action€if€available.€Ð é9 ÐThere€may€be€instances€of€professional€misconduct€that€wouldÐ À  Ðwarrant€a€private€admonition€or€referral€to€a€bar€associationÐ — ç! Ðcounseling€service.Ð n!¾" ÐÌÓÓÐ  #l$ Ðà@ÐÐ&ìàCANON€4€€ˆÐ ° Ðû€€€(ûà@ìàü€€€(üExtra-Judicial€à@@””%ìàActivitiesˆÐ ^® ÐÌA.€€EXTRA„JUDICIAL€ACTIVITIES€IN€GENERAL.Ð º  Ðà  àA€judge€shall€conduct€all€extra„judicial€activities€so€thatÐ h ¸ Ðthey€do€not:à@ìì*ìàˆÐ  f  Ðà  à(1)€cause€a€substantial€question€as€to€the€judgeððs€capacityÐ Ä  Ðto€act€ò òimpartiallyó ó€as€a€judge;Ð r  Ðà  à(2)€demean€the€judicial€office;€orÐ 8ˆ  Ѐ€€€€(3)€interfere€with€the€proper€performance€of€judicialÐ æ6 Ðduties.Ð ”ä ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ i ÐÌà  àComplete€separation€of€a€judge€from€extra„judicialÐ Ç Ðactivities€is€neither€possible€nor€desirable.€€A€judge€should€notÐ žî Ðbecome€isolated€from€the€judgeððs€community.€€Ð uÅ ÐÌà  àAn€extra„judicial€activity,€however,€may€be€perceived€toÐ #s Ðreflect€on€judicial€behavior.€€For€example,€an€expression€of€biasÐ úJ Ðor€prejudice€by€a€judge,€even€outside€the€judgeððs€judicialÐ Ñ! Ðactivities,€may€cause€a€substantial€question€as€to€the€judgeððsÐ ¨ø  Ðcapacity€to€act€ò òimpartiallyó ó€as€a€judge.€€Expressions€that€may€doÐ  Ï! Ðso€include€jokes€or€other€remarks€demeaning€individuals€on€theÐ b!²" Ðbasis€of€their€age,€disability,€national€origin,€race,€religion,Ð 9"‰# Ðsex,€sexual€orientation,€or€socioeconomic€status.€€See€Canon€2CÐ #`$ Ðand€the€accompanying€Comment.Ð ç#7% ÐÓÓÌÌB.€€AVOCATIONAL€ACTIVITIES.Ð (j#* Ðà  àSubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code,€a€judge€mayÐ È)%, Ðlecture,€speak,€teach,€write,€and€otherwise€participate€in€otherÐ v+Æ&. Ðextra„judicial€activities.€€Ð $-t(0 ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àA€judge€is€in€a€unique€position€to€contribute€to€theÐ ^® Ðadministration€of€justice,€the€legal€system,€and€improvement€ofÐ 5… Ðthe€law,€including€the€revision€of€substantive€and€procedural€lawÐ  \ Ðand€improvement€of€criminal€and€juvenile€justice.€€As€time€mayÐ ã3 Ðpermit,€a€judge€is€encouraged€to€do€so,€either€independently€orÐ º  Ðthrough€a€bar€association,€judicial€conference,€or€otherÐ ‘ á Ðorganization€dedicated€to€the€improvement€of€the€law.Ð h ¸ ÐÌà  àThe€phrase€ð ðsubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Codeðð€isÐ  f  Ðused€in€this€and€other€sections€of€Canon€4,€primarily€inÐ í =  Ðconnection€with€a€judgeððs€charitable,€civic,€or€governmentalÐ Ä  Ðactivities,€to€remind€judges€that€use€of€permissive€language€inÐ ›ë  Ðvarious€sections€of€this€Code€does€not€relieve€a€judge€from€theÐ r  Ðother€provisions€of€this€Code€that€apply€to€the€specific€conduct.Ð I™  ÐÌÌCommittee€note:€€The€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€has€cautioned€thatÐ Î Ða€judge€who€agrees€to€speak€at€a€political€club€should€scheduleÐ ¥õ Ðthe€speech€so€as€not€to€be€present€for€political€discussions,€beÐ |Ì Ðreasonably€available€to€other€groups€with€similar€invitations,Ð S£ Ðand€not€speak€at€fund„raising€events.€€Ð *z ÐÌà  àThe€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€has€held€that€writing€anÐ Ø( Ðintroduction€for€a€book€was€not€using€the€judicial€office€for€aÐ ¯ÿ Ðprivate€business.Ð †Ö ÐÌÌÌÓÓC.€€CHARITABLE,€CIVIC,€AND€GOVERNMENTAL€ACTIVITIES.Ð â2 Ðà  à(1)€Except€when€acting€in€a€matter€that€involves€the€judgeÐ à  Ðor€the€judgeððs€interests,€when€acting€as€to€a€matter€thatÐ >!Ž" Ðconcerns€the€administration€of€justice,€the€legal€system,€orÐ ì"<$ Ðimprovement€of€the€law,€or€when€acting€as€otherwise€allowed€underÐ š$ê& ÐCanon€4,€a€judge€shall€not€appear€at€a€public€hearing€before,€orÐ H&˜!( Ðotherwise€consult€with,€an€executive€or€legislative€body€orÐ ö'F#* Ðofficial.Ð ¤)ô$, ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ R+¢&. ÐÌ€€€€€€€€As€suggested€in€the€òòReporter's€Notes€to€the€ABA€ModelÐ -P(0 ÐCode€of€Judicial€Conductóó€(1990),€the€"administration€of€justice"Ð Ù-))1 Ðis€not€limited€to€"matters€of€judicial€administration"€but€isÐ ° Ðbroad€enough€to€include€other€matters€relating€to€the€judiciary.€€Ð ‡× ÐÌÌÓÓà  à(2)€Except€as€otherwise€provided€by€law€and€subject€to€CanonÐ  \ Ð4A,€a€judge€may€accept€appointment€to€a€governmental€advisoryÐ º  Ðcommission,€committee,€or€position.€Ð h ¸ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ í =  ÐÌ€€€€A€judge€may€not€accept€a€governmental€appointment€that€couldÐ ›ë  Ðinterfere€with€the€effectiveness€and€independence€of€theÐ r  Ðjudiciary,€assume€or€discharge€an€executive€or€legislative€powerÐ I™  Ð(Maryland€Declaration€of€Rights,€Article€8),€or€hold€an€"office"Ð  p  Ðunder€the€constitution€or€other€laws€of€the€United€States€orÐ ÷G ÐState€of€Maryland€(Maryland€Declaration€of€Rights,€Articles€33Ð Î Ðand€35).Ð ¥õ ÐÌÌCommittee€note:€€The€Judicial€Ethics€Committee€notes€that€theÐ *z Ðsupremacy€clause€of€U.S.€Constitution€Article€IV€may€allowÐ Q Ðservice€in€reserve€components€of€the€armed€forces€that€otherwiseÐ Ø( Ðmight€be€precluded€under€this€Code,€such€as€service€as€a€judgeÐ ¯ÿ Ðadvocate€or€military€judge.€€However,€the€Attorney€General,Ð †Ö Ðrather€than€the€Judicial€Ethics€Committee,€traditionally€hasÐ ]­ Ðrendered€opinions€with€regard€to€issues€of€dual€or€incompatibleÐ 4„ Ðoffices.€€Ð  [ ÐÓÓÌà  à(3)€A€judge€may€represent€this€country,€a€state,€or€aÐ à  Ðlocality€on€ceremonial€occasions€or€in€connection€with€cultural,Ð >!Ž" Ðeducational,€or€historical€activities.Ð ì"<$ Ѐ€€€€(4)€€(a)€Subject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code,€a€judgeÐ š$ê& Ðmay€be€a€director,€member,€non-legal€adviser,€officer,€or€trusteeÐ H&˜!( Ðof€a€charitable,€civic,€educational,€fraternal€or€sororal,Ð ö'F#* Ðlaw-related,€or€religious€organization.Ð ¤)ô$, ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ),y'/ ÐÌà  àSee€the€Comment€to€Canon€4B€regarding€use€of€the€phraseÐ ×-')1 Ðð ðsubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code.ðð€€As€an€example€of€theÐ ° Ðmeaning€of€the€phrase,€a€judge€permitted€under€Canon€4C€(4)€toÐ ‡× Ðserve€on€the€board€of€an€organization€may€be€prohibited€from€suchÐ ^® Ðservice€by,€for€example,€Canon€2C€or€4A,€if€the€organizationÐ 5… Ðpractices€invidious€discrimination€or€if€service€on€the€boardÐ  \ Ðotherwise€causes€a€substantial€question€as€to€the€judgeððsÐ ã3 Ðcapacity€to€act€ò òimpartiallyó ó€as€a€judge€or€as€to€service€as€anÐ º  Ðadviser.Ð  í ÐÌÓÓ€à  à€(b)€A€judge€shall€not€be€a€director,€adviser,€officer,€orÐ K ›  Ðtrustee€of€an€organization€that€is€conducted€for€the€economic€orÐ ù I  Ðpolitical€advantage€of€its€members.€Ð §÷  Ѐ€€€€€(c)€A€judge€shall€not€be€a€director,€adviser,€officer,€orÐ U¥  Ðtrustee€of€an€organization€if€it€is€likely€that€the€organization:Ð S Ðà  àà ` à(i)€€will€be€engaged€regularly€in€adversary€proceedingsÐ ± Ðin€any€court;€or€Ð _¯ Ðà  àà ` à(ii)€€deals€with€people€who€are€referred€to€theÐ  ] Ðorganization€by€any€court.€€Ð »  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ @ ÐÌ€€€€€The€changing€nature€of€some€organizations€and€of€theirÐ î> Ðrelationship€to€the€law€makes€it€necessary€for€a€judge€regularlyÐ Å Ðto€reexamine€the€activities€of€each€organization€with€which€theÐ œì  Ðjudge€is€affiliated€to€determine€whether€it€is€proper€to€continueÐ s Ã! Ða€relationship€with€it.€€For€example,€in€many€jurisdictions,Ð J!š" Ðcharitable€organizations€are€more€frequently€in€court€now€than€inÐ !"q# Ðthe€past€or€make€policy€decisions€that€may€have€politicalÐ ø"H$ Ðsignificance€or€imply€commitment€to€causes€that€may€come€beforeÐ Ï#% Ðthe€courts€for€adjudication.€€Ð ¦$ö& ÐÌÌÓÓà  à€€(d)€(i)€A€judge€shall€not€participate€personally€in:Ð +'{") Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(A)€solicitation€of€funds€or€other€fund„raisingÐ Ù()$+ Ðactivities,€except€that€a€judge€may€solicit€funds€from€otherÐ ‡*×%- Ðjudges€over€whom€the€judge€does€not€exercise€appellate€orÐ 5,…'/ Ðsupervisory€jurisdiction;€orÐ ã-3)1 Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(B)€a€membership€solicitation€that€reasonablyÐ ° Ðmight€be€perceived€as€coercive€or,€except€as€permitted€in€CanonÐ ^® Ð4C€(4)(d)(i)(A),€is€essentially€a€fund„raising€mechanism.Ð  \ Ðà  àà ` à€(ii)€A€judge€shall€not€participate€as€a€guest€of€honorÐ º  Ðor€speaker€at€a€fund„raising€event.Ð h ¸ Ðà  àà ` à€(iii)€Except€as€allowed€by€Canon€4C€(4)(d),€a€judgeÐ  f  Ðshall€not€use€or€lend€the€prestige€of€judicial€office€for€fund„Ð Ä  Ðraising€or€membership€solicitation.Ð r  Ðà  à€€€€€€(iv)€A€judge€may:Ð  p  Ðà  àà ` à€€€€€€(A)€assist€an€organization€in€planning€fund„Ð Î Ðraising;Ð |Ì Ðà  àà ` à€€€€€€€(B)€participate€in€the€investment€and€managementÐ *z Ðof€an€organizationððs€funds;€andÐ Ø( Ðà  àà ` à€€€€€€€(C)€€make€recommendations€to€private€and€publicÐ †Ö Ðfund„granting€organizations€on€programs€and€projects€concerningÐ 4„ Ðthe€administration€of€justice,€the€legal€system,€or€improvementÐ â2 Ðof€the€law.Ð à  ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ >!Ž" ÐÌà  àAs€a€director,€member,€non„legal€adviser,€officer,€orÐ ì"<$ Ðtrustee€of€an€organization€that€is€devoted€to€the€administrationÐ Ã#% Ðof€justice,€the€legal€system,€or€improvement€of€the€law€or€for€aÐ š$ê& Ðnot„for„profit€charitable,€civic,€educational,€fraternal€orÐ q%Á ' Ðsororal,€or€religious€organization,€a€judge€may€solicitÐ H&˜!( Ðmembership€and€encourage€or€endorse€membership€efforts€for€theÐ 'o") Ðorganization,€as€long€as€the€solicitation€cannot€reasonably€beÐ ö'F#* Ðperceived€as€coercive€and€is€not€essentially€a€fund„raisingÐ Í($+ Ðmechanism.€€Solicitation€of€funds€and€solicitation€of€membershipsÐ ¤)ô$, Ðsimilarly€involve€the€danger€that€the€person€solicited€will€feelÐ {*Ë%- Ðobligated€to€respond€favorably€to€the€solicitor€who€is€in€aÐ R+¢&. Ðposition€of€€control€or€influence.€€A€judge€may€be€listed€as€aÐ ),y'/ Ðdirector,€officer,€or€trustee€of€an€organization€but€must€notÐ -P(0 Ðengage€in€direct,€individual€solicitation€of€funds€or€membershipsÐ ×-')1 Ðin€person,€by€telephone,€or€in€writing,€for€that€organization,Ð ° Ðexcept€in€the€following€cases:€(1)€a€judge€may€solicit,€for€fundsÐ ‡× Ðor€memberships,€other€judges€over€whom€the€judge€does€notÐ ^® Ðexercise€appellate€or€supervisory€authority;€(2)€a€judge€mayÐ 5… Ðsolicit,€for€membership€in€an€organization€described€above,€otherÐ  \ Ðpersons€if€neither€those€persons€nor€persons€with€whom€they€areÐ ã3 Ðaffiliated€are€likely€to€appear€before€the€court€on€which€theÐ º  Ðjudge€serves;€and€(3)€a€judge€who€is€an€officer€of€anÐ ‘ á Ðorganization€described€above€may€send€a€general€membershipÐ h ¸ Ðsolicitation€mailing€over€the€judgeððs€signature.Ð ?   ÐÌà  àUse€of€an€organizationððs€letterhead€for€fund„raising€orÐ í =  Ðmembership€solicitation€does€not€violate€Canon€4C€(4)€if€theÐ Ä  Ðletterhead€lists€only€the€judgeððs€name€and€office€or€otherÐ ›ë  Ðposition€in€the€organization.€€A€judgeððs€judicial€office€also€mayÐ r  Ðbe€listed€if€comparable€information€is€listed€for€otherÐ I™  Ðindividuals.€€A€judge€must€make€reasonable€efforts€to€ensure€thatÐ  p  Ðcourt€officials,€the€judgeððs€staff,€and€others€subject€to€theÐ ÷G Ðjudgeððs€direction€and€control€do€not€use€or€refer€to€theirÐ Î Ðrelationship€with€the€judge€to€solicit€funds€for€any€purpose,Ð ¥õ Ðcharitable€or€otherwise.Ð |Ì ÐÌà  àAlthough€a€judge€is€not€permitted€to€be€a€guest€of€honor€orÐ *z Ðspeaker€at€a€fund„raising€event,€Canon€4€does€not€prohibit€aÐ Q Ðjudge€from€attending€an€event€if€otherwise€consistent€with€thisÐ Ø( ÐCode.Ð ¯ÿ ÐÌCross€reference:€€As€to€exemption€for€former€judges€approved€forÐ ]­ Ðrecall,€see€Canon€6C.Ð 4„ ÐÌÌÌÓÓD.€FINANCIAL€ACTIVITIES.Ð à  Ðà  à(1)€A€judge€shall€not€engage€in€business€or€financialÐ >!Ž" Ðdealings€that:Ð ì"<$ Ðà  à(a)€reasonably€would€be€perceived€to€violate€Canon€2B;€or€Ð š$ê& Ðà  à(b)€involve€the€judge€in€frequent€transactions€or€continuingÐ H&˜!( Ðbusiness€relationships€with€lawyers€or€other€persons€likely€toÐ ö'F#* Ðcome€before€the€court€on€which€the€judge€serves.Ð ¤)ô$, ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ),y'/ ÐÌà  àCanon€4D€(1)(b)€is€necessary€to€avoid€creating€an€appearanceÐ ×-')1 Ðof€exploitation€of€office€or€favoritism€and€to€minimize€theÐ ° Ðpotential€for€recusal.€€A€judge€also€should€discourage€ò òmembers€ofÐ ‡× Ðthe€judgeððs€familyó ó€from€engaging€in€dealings€that€reasonablyÐ jº Ðwould€appear€to€exploit€the€judgeððs€judicial€position.€€WithÐ M Ðrespect€to€affiliation€of€relatives€of€the€judge€with€law€firmsÐ $t Ðappearing€before€the€judge,€see€the€Comment€to€Canon€3D€(1)(d)Ð ûK Ðrelating€to€recusal.Ð Ò " ÐÌà  àParticipation€by€a€judge€in€business€and€financial€dealingsÐ € Ð Ðis€subject€to€the€general€prohibitions€in€Canon€4A€againstÐ W §  Ðactivities€that€cause€a€substantial€question€as€to€ò òimpartialityó ó,Ð . ~  Ðdemean€the€judicial€office,€or€interfere€with€the€properÐ a  Ðperformance€of€judicial€duties.€€Such€participation€also€isÐ è8  Ðsubject€to€the€general€prohibition€in€Canon€2€against€activitiesÐ ¿  Ðinvolving€impropriety€or€the€appearance€of€impropriety€and€theÐ –æ  Ðprohibition€in€Canon€2B€against€misuse€of€the€prestige€ofÐ m½  Ðjudicial€office.€€In€addition,€a€judge€must€maintain€highÐ D”  Ðstandards€of€conduct€in€all€of€the€judgeððs€activities,€as€setÐ k Ðforth€in€Canon€1.€€See€the€Comment€to€Canon€4B€regarding€use€ofÐ òB Ðthe€phrase€ð ðsubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code.ððÐ É ÐÌÌÓÓà  à(2)€Subject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code,€a€judge€mayÐ Nž Ðhold€and€manage€investments,€including€real€estate,€and€engage€inÐ üL Ðother€remunerative€activities€except€that€a€full-time€judge€shallÐ ªú Ðnot€hold€a€directorship€or€office€in€a€bank,€insurance€company,Ð X¨ Ðlending€institution,€public€utility,€savings€and€loanÐ V Ðassociation,€or€other€business,€enterprise,€or€venture€that€isÐ ´  Ðaffected€with€a€public€interest.Ð b!²" ÐÓÓCross€reference:€As€to€exemption€for€former€judges€approved€forÐ #`$ Ðrecall,€see€Canon€6C.Ð ç#7% ÐÌÓÓ€€€€€(3)€A€judge€shall€manage€investments€and€other€financialÐ •%å ' Ðinterests€to€minimize€the€number€of€cases€in€which€recusal€wouldÐ C'“") Ðbe€required.€€As€soon€as€practicable€without€serious€financialÐ ñ(A$+ Ðdetriment,€a€judge€shall€dispose€of€those€financial€interestsÐ Ÿ*ï%- Ðthat€might€require€frequent€recusal.Ð M,'/ Ðà  à(4)€A€judge€shall€neither€use€nor€disclose,€in€financialÐ û-K)1 Ðdealings€or€for€any€other€purpose€not€related€to€the€judgeððsÐ ° Ðjudicial€duties,€information€that€is€acquired€in€his€or€herÐ ^® Ðjudicial€capacity€and€that€is€confidential,€privileged,€orÐ  \ Ðotherwise€not€part€of€the€public€record.Ð º  ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€As€to€court€records,€see€Title€16,€Chapter€1000Ð h ¸ Ðof€the€Maryland€Rules.€€As€to€prohibitions€against,€and€penaltiesÐ ?   Ðfor,€improper€disclosure€or€use€of€information€by€governmentÐ  f  Ðofficials€and€employees,€see€Code,€State€Government€Article,Ð í =  Ððððð15„507€and€15„903.€€As€to€civil€and€criminal€provisionsÐ Ä  Ðgoverning€improper€disclosure€of€information,€see,€e.g.,€Code,Ð ›ë  ÐState€Government€Article,€ðððð10„626€and€10„627€(public€records)Ð r  Ðand€Code,€Tax„General€Article,€ðð13„1018€(tax€information).Ð I™  ÐÌÓÓà  à(5)€€A€judge€shall€not€accept,€and€shall€urge€ò òmembers€of€theÐ ÷G Ðjudgeððs€householdó ó€not€to€accept,€a€bequest,€favor,€ò ògiftó ó,€or€loanÐ ½  Ðfrom€anyone€except€for:Ð ƒÓ Ðà  à(a)€contributions€to€a€judgeððs€campaign€for€judicial€officeÐ 1 Ðthat€comply€with€Canon€5;Ð ß/ Ðà  à(b)€a€book,€tape,€or€other€resource€material€supplied€by€aÐ Ý Ðpublisher€on€a€complimentary€basis€for€official€use,€a€ò ògiftó óÐ ;‹ Ðincident€to€a€public€testimonial,€or€an€invitation€to€a€judge€andÐ Q Ðthe€judgeððs€spouse€or€guest€to€attend€a€bar„related€function€orÐ ¯ ÿ! Ðan€activity€devoted€to€the€administration€of€justice,€the€legalÐ ]"­# Ðsystem,€or€improvement€of€the€law;Ð  $[% Ðà  à(c)€an€award,€benefit,€or€ò ògiftó ó€incident€to€the€business,Ð ¹% !' Ðprofession,€or€other€separate€activity€of€a€spouse€or€otherÐ 'Ï") Ðò òmember€of€the€judgeððs€householdó ó,€including€an€award,€benefit,€orÐ -)}$+ Ðò ògiftó ó€for€the€use€of€both€the€household€member€and€judge€(asÐ ó*C&- Ðspouse€or€household€member),€if€the€award,€benefit,€or€ò ògiftó ó€couldÐ ¹, (/ Ðnot€reasonably€be€perceived€as€intended€to€influence€the€judge€inÐ ° Ðthe€performance€of€judicial€duties;Ð ^® Ðà  à(d)€€ordinary€social€hospitality;€€Ð  \ Ðà  à(e)€€a€ò ògiftó ó€from€a€friend€or€relative,€for€a€specialÐ º  Ðoccasion,€such€as€an€anniversary,€birthday,€or€wedding,€if€theÐ € Ð Ðò ògiftó ó€is€fairly€commensurate€with€the€occasion€and€the€friendshipÐ . ~  Ðor€relationship;€Ð ôD  Ðà  à(f)€€a€bequest,€favor,€ò ògiftó ó,€or€loan€from€a€relative€orÐ ¢ò  Ðclose€personal€friend€whose€appearance€or€interest€in€a€caseÐ h¸  Ðwould€in€any€event€require€a€recusal€under€Canon€3D;€€Ð f Ðà  à(g)€a€loan€from€a€lending€institution€in€its€regular€courseÐ Ä Ðof€business€on€the€same€terms€generally€available€to€persons€whoÐ r Ðare€not€judges;Ð  p Ðà  à(h)€a€fellowship€or€scholarship€awarded€on€the€same€termsÐ Î Ðand€based€on€the€same€criteria€applied€to€other€applicants;€or€€Ð |Ì Ðà  à(i)€any€other€bequest,€favor,€ò ògiftó ó,€or€loan€if:€(1)€theÐ *z Ðdonor€or€lender€is€not€a€person€whose€interests€have€come€or€areÐ ð@  Ðlikely€to€come€before€the€judge€and€(2)€the€judge€reports,€on€theÐ ž!î" Ðjudgeððs€financial€disclosure€form,€all€bequests,€favors,€ò ògiftsó ó,Ð L#œ$ Ðand€loans€required€under€Rule€16„815€to€be€reported.€€Ð %b & ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ —'ç") ÐÌà  àHowever€innocently€intended,€favors€or€ò ògiftsó ó€from€personsÐ E)•$+ Ðnot€in€a€judgeððs€immediate€family€may€create€an€appearance€thatÐ (*x%, Ðthe€judge€could€be€improperly€beholden€to€the€donor.€Ð ÿ*O&- ÐÌà  àSimilarly,€a€bequest,€favor,€ò ògiftó ó,€or€loan€to€a€ò òmember€ofÐ ­,ý'/ Ðthe€judgeððs€householdó ó€might€be€viewed€as€intended€to€influenceÐ -à(0 Ðthe€judge.€Therefore,€a€judge€must€inform€those€household€membersÐ ° Ðof€the€relevant€ethical€constraints€on€the€judge€in€this€regardÐ ‡× Ðand€discourage€those€household€members€from€violating€theÐ ^® Ðconstraints.€€However,€a€judge€cannot€reasonably€be€expected€toÐ 5… Ðò òknowó ó€or€control€all€of€the€business€and€financial€activities€ofÐ  \ Ðall€ò òmembers€of€the€judgeððs€householdó ó.Ð ï? ÐÌà  àCanon€4D€(5)(b)€and€(i)€governs,€respectively,€acceptance€ofÐ © ù Ðan€invitation€to€a€law„related€function€and€of€an€invitation€paidÐ € Ð Ðfor€by€an€individual€lawyer€or€group€of€lawyers.Ð W §  ÐÌà  àA€judge€may€accept€a€public€testimonial,€or€a€ò ògiftó ó€incidentÐ U  Ðthereto,€only€if€the€donor€is€not€an€organization€whose€membersÐ è8  Ðcomprise€or€frequently€represent€the€same€side€in€litigation,€andÐ ¿  Ðthe€testimonial€or€ò ògiftó ó€complies€with€other€provisions€of€thisÐ –æ  ÐCode.€€Ô#†XoœXXXoœþI#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔSeeÔ#†XoœXXXoœÅi#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔ€Canons€2B€and€4A€(1).Ð yÉ  ÐÌà  àA€ò ògiftó ó€that€is€made€to€a€judge,€or€a€ò òmember€of€the€judgeððsÐ 'w Ðhouseholdó ó,€and€is€excessive€in€value€raises€questions€about€theÐ  Z Ðjudgeððs€ò òimpartialityó ó€and€the€integrity€of€the€judicial€office€andÐ í= Ðmight€require€recusal€of€the€judge.€€See,€however,€Canon€4DÐ Ð  Ð(5)(f).Ð §÷ ÐÌÓÓÌE.€€ò òFIDUCIARYó ó€ACTIVITIES.Ð S Ðà  à(1)€(a)€Except€as€provided€in€Canon€4E€(1)€and€then€onlyÐ É Ðsubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code€and€statutes,€a€judgeÐ wÇ Ðshall€not€serve€as€a€ò òfiduciaryó ó.Ð %u Ðà  à€€€€(b)€A€judge€may€serve€as€a€ò òfiduciaryó ó€for€a€ò òmember€of€theÐ ë ;! Ðjudgeððs€familyó ó.Ð ±"# Ѐ€€€€€€€€(c)€A€judge€who€has€served€as€a€trustee€of€a€trust€sinceÐ w$Ç% ÐDecember€31,€1969,€may€continue€to€do€so€as€allowed€by€law.Ð %&u!' Ðà  à(2)€A€judge€shall€not€agree€to€serve€as€a€ò òfiduciaryó ó€if€it€isÐ Ó'##) Ðlikely€that,€as€a€ò òfiduciaryó ó,€the€judge€will€be€engaged€inÐ ™)é$+ Ðproceedings€that€ordinarily€would€come€before€the€judge€or€if€theÐ _+¯&- Ðestate,€trust,€or€ward€becomes€involved€in€adversary€proceedingsÐ  -](/ Ðin€the€court€on€which€the€judge€serves€or€in€a€court€under€theÐ ° Ðappellate€jurisdiction€of€the€court€on€which€the€judge€serves.Ð ^® Ðà  à(3)€The€restrictions€that€apply€to€personal€financialÐ  \ Ðactivities€of€a€judge€also€apply€to€the€judgeððs€ò òfiduciaryó óÐ º  Ðfinancial€activities.Ð € Ð ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ . ~  ÐÌà  àThe€Time€for€Compliance€provision€of€this€Code€(Canon€6D)Ð Ü,  Ðpostpones€the€time€for€compliance€with€certain€provisions€ofÐ ³  ÐCanon€4E€in€some€cases.Ð ŠÚ  ÐÌCommittee€note:€€Code,€Estates€and€Trusts€Article,€ðððð5„105€(b)(5)Ð 8ˆ  Ðand€14„104€prohibit€a€judge€from€serving€as€a€personalÐ _ Ðrepresentative€or€trustee€for€someone€who€is€not€a€spouse€orÐ æ6 Ðwithin€the€ò òthird€degree€of€relationshipó ó€(although€a€judge€servingÐ ½  Ðas€trustee€as€of€12/31/69€is€allowed€to€continue€in€thatÐ  ð Ðcapacity).€€Neither€the€1987€Maryland€Code€of€Judicial€ConductÐ wÇ Ðnor€any€other€Maryland€law€explicitly€prohibits€a€judge€fromÐ Nž Ðserving€as€any€other€type€of€ò òfiduciaryó ó€for€anyone.Ð %u ÐÌCross€reference:€€As€to€exemption€for€former€judges€approved€forÐ ß/ Ðrecall,€see€Canon€6C.Ð ¶ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àà  àà x àÌÌÌÓÓF.€€SERVICE€AS€ARBITRATOR€OR€MEDIATOR.Ð b Ðà  àA€judge€shall€not€act€as€an€arbitrator€or€mediator€orÐ À  Ðotherwise€perform€judicial€functions€in€a€private€capacity€unlessÐ n!¾" Ðexpressly€authorized€by€law.€€Ð #l$ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ¡%ñ ' ÐÌ€€€€€€Canon€4F€does€not€preclude€a€judge€from€participating€inÐ O'Ÿ") Ðsettlement€conferences.€€If€by€reason€of€disclosure€made€duringÐ &(v#* Ðor€as€a€result€of€a€conference,€a€judge's€ò òimpartialityó ó€mightÐ ý(M$+ Ðreasonably€be€questioned,€the€judge€should€not€participate€in€theÐ à)0%, Ðmatter€further.€€See€Canon€3D€(1).€€Ð ·*&- ÐÌCross€reference:€€As€to€exemption€for€former€judges€approved€forÐ e,µ'/ Ðrecall,€see€Canon€6C.Ð <-Œ(0 ÐÐ .c)1 ÐÓÓG.€PRACTICE€OF€LAW.Ð ° Ðà  à(1)€Except€as€expressly€allowed€by€Canon€4G,€a€judge€shallÐ ^® Ðnot€practice€law.€€Notwithstanding€this€prohibition,€a€judge€mayÐ  \ Ðact€òòpro€seóó€in€a€matter€involving€the€judge€or€the€judgeððsÐ º  Ðinterest€and,€if€without€compensation,€may€give€legal€advice€toÐ l ¼ Ðand€draft€or€review€documents€for€a€ò òmember€of€the€judgeððs€familyó ó.€Ð  j  Ðà  à(2)€€(a)€To€the€extent€expressly€allowed€by€law€and€subjectÐ à0  Ðto€other€applicable€provisions€of€this€Code,€a€part„time€judge€ofÐ ŽÞ  Ðan€orphansðð€court€may€practice€law.Ð <Œ  ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Code,€Estates€and€Trusts€Article,€ðð2„109Ð ê: Ðfor€restrictions€on€the€practice€of€law€by€a€part„time€judge€of€Ð Á Ðan€orphansðð€court.Ð ˜è ÐÌÓÓà  àà ` à(b)€A€judge€of€an€orphansðð€court€shall€avoid€conductÐ F– Ðwhereby€the€judge€uses€or€seems€to€use€the€judicial€office€toÐ ôD Ðfurther€success€in€the€practice€of€law.Ð ¢ò Ðà  àà ` à(c)€A€judge€of€an€orphansðð€court€shall€not€practice,€orÐ P  Ðappear€as€an€individual€in€a€matter€involving€the€judge€or€theÐ þN Ðjudgeððs€interest,€in€the€court€on€which€the€judge€serves,€evenÐ ¬ü  Ðwhen€another€judge€is€presiding.Ð Z!ª" ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ß#/% ÐÌà  àCanon€4G€(1)€limits€the€practice€of€law€in€a€representativeÐ %Ý ' Ðcapacity€but€not€in€a€òòpro€seóó€capacity.€€A€judge€may€act€forÐ d&´!( Ðhimself€or€herself€in€all€legal€matters,€including€mattersÐ ='") Ðinvolving€litigation€and€matters€involving€appearances€before€orÐ (d#* Ðother€dealings€with€legislative€and€other€governmental€bodies.€Ð ë(;$+ ÐHowever,€in€so€doing,€a€judge€must€not€abuse€the€prestige€ofÐ Â)%, Ðoffice€for€any€reason,€including€advancement€of€an€interest€ofÐ ™*é%- Ðthe€judge€or€the€judgeððs€family.€€See€Canons€2B€and€4C€(1).Ð p+À&. ÐÌà  àThis€Code€allows€a€judge€to€give€legal€advice€to,€and€draftÐ -n(0 Ðlegal€documents€for,€a€ò òmember€of€the€judgeððs€familyó ó.€€However,Ð õ-E)1 Ðexcept€for€a€part„time€orphansðð€court€judge€allowed€to€practiceÐ ° Ðlaw,€a€judge€must€not€receive€any€compensation€from,€or€act€as€anÐ ‡× Ðadvocate€or€negotiator€for,€a€ò òmember€of€the€judgeððs€familyó ó€in€aÐ ^® Ðlegal€matter.Ð A‘ ÐÌÌÌÓÓH.€€COMPENSATION€AND€REIMBURSEMENT.Ð  í Ðà  àUnless€otherwise€prohibited€by€law,€a€judge€may€receiveÐ K ›  Ðcompensation€and€reimbursement€of€expenses€for€extra„judicialÐ ù I  Ðactivities€permitted€by€this€Code€if:Ð §÷  Ðà  à€(1)€the€source€of€compensation€or€reimbursement€does€notÐ U¥  Ðgive€the€appearance€of€impropriety;Ð S Ðà  à€(2)€the€compensation€does€not€exceed€a€reasonable€amountÐ ± Ðand€does€not€exceed€the€amount€a€person€who€is€not€a€judgeÐ _¯ Ðordinarily€would€receive€for€the€same€activity;€andÐ  ] Ðà  à€(3)€the€expense€reimbursement€is€limited€to€the€actual€costÐ »  Ðof€food,€lodging,€and€travel€reasonably€incurred€by€a€judge€and,Ð i¹ Ðif€appropriate€to€the€occasion,€by€the€judgeððs€spouse€or€guest.Ð g ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ œì  ÐÌà  àAcceptance€of€an€ð ðò òhonorariumó ó,ðð€as€defined€in€Code,€StateÐ J!š" ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„102€(r),€is€governed€by€Code,€StateÐ -"}# ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„505.€€See€Judicial€Ethics€Opinion€No.€128Ð #T$ Ð(issued€February€2,€2000).Ð Û#+% ÐÌà  àA€judge€must€disclose€financial€matters€such€as€debts€orÐ ‰%Ù ' Ðincome,€investments,€or€other€assets,€only€to€the€extent€requiredÐ `&°!( Ðby€Canon€4H,€by€Canon€3D€or€E,€or€by€law.€€See€Code,€StateÐ 7'‡") ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„610.Ð (^#* ÐÌÌòòóóÌÌÓÓÐ  A,‘'/ Ðà@HH'ìàCANON€5ˆÐ ° Ðà@´´!ìàPolitical€ActivityˆÐ ^® ÐÌA.€€POLITICAL€CONDUCT€OF€JUDGE€WHO€IS€NOT€CANDIDATE.Ð º  Ðà  à(1)€A€judge€who€is€not€a€candidate€for€election€orÐ h ¸ Ðre-election€to€or€retention€in€a€judicial€office€shall€not€engageÐ  f  Ðin€any€partisan€political€activity.€€Ð Ä  ÐÓ€ (¦Ù83ÓØ! !Øà  à(2)à ` à€(a)€Except€as€otherwise€provided€in€Canon€5A€(2)(b),€aÐ r  Ðjudge€shall€resign€when€the€judge€becomes€a€candidate€for€aÐ  p  Ðnon-judicial€office.Ð Î Ðà  àà ` à€(b)€A€judge€may€continue€to€hold€judicial€office€whileÐ |Ì Ða€candidate€for€election€to,€or€delegate€in,€a€MarylandÐ *z Ðconstitutional€convention.€€Ð Ø( ÐÓÓCommittee€note:€€Canon€5A€(2)€of€the€Model€Code€of€JudicialÐ †Ö ÐConduct€adopted€by€the€American€Bar€Association€in€2000€allows€aÐ ]­ Ðjudge€to€serve€as€a€state€constitutional€convention€delegate€ifÐ 4„ Ðallowed€by€law.€Such€a€delegate€does€not€hold€an€"office,ðð€whichÐ  [ ÐMaryland€Declaration€of€Rights,€Article€33€would€prohibit€a€judgeÐ â2 Ðfrom€holding.€€See€òòBoard€v.€Attorney€Generalóó,€246€Md.€417€(1967).Ð ¹  ÐÌÌÌÓÓB.€€POLITICAL€CONDUCT€OF€JUDGE€WHO€IS€CANDIDATE.Ð "g# Ðà  à(1)€A€judge€who€is€a€candidate€for€election€or€re-electionÐ Å#% Ðto€or€retention€in€a€judicial€office€may€engage€in€partisanÐ s%à ' Ðpolitical€activity€allowed€by€law€with€respect€to€such€candidacy,Ð !'q") Ðexcept€that€the€judge:Ð Ï($+ Ðà  àà ` à(a)€shall€maintain€the€dignity€appropriate€to€judicialÐ }*Í%- Ðoffice€and€act€in€a€manner€consistent€with€the€ò òimpartialityó ó,Ð +,{'/ Ðindependence,€and€integrity€of€the€judiciary;Ð ñ-A)1 Ðà  àà ` à(b)€shall€not€act€as€a€leader€or€hold€an€office€in€aÐ ° Ðò òpolitical€organizationó ó;€€Ð ^® Ðà  àà ` à(c)€shall€not€make€a€speech€for€a€candidate€orÐ $t Ðò òpolitical€organizationó ó€or€publicly€endorse€a€candidate€forÐ Ò " Ðnon-judicial€office;€€Ð ˜ è ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ F –  ÐÌà  àA€judge€does€not€publicly€endorse€a€candidate€for€publicÐ ôD  Ðoffice€by€having€the€judgeððs€name€on€the€same€sample€ballot.Ð Ë  ÐÌÌÓÓà  àà ` à(d)€with€respect€to€a€case,€controversy,€or€issue€thatÐ P   Ðis€likely€to€come€before€the€court,€shall€not€make€a€commitment,Ð þN Ðpledge,€or€promise€that€is€inconsistent€with€the€ò òimpartialó óÐ ¬ü Ðperformance€of€the€adjudicative€duties€of€the€office;€Ð r ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ÷G ÐÌà  àò òó óCanon€5B€(1)(d)€does€not€prohibit€a€candidate€from€making€aÐ ¥õ Ðcommitment,€pledge,€or€promise€respecting€improvements€in€courtÐ |Ì Ðadministration€or€the€faithful€and€ò òimpartialó ó€performance€of€theÐ S£ Ðduties€of€the€office.€ò òó óÐ 6† ÐÌÌÓÓà  àà ` à(e)€shall€not€ò òknowinglyó ó€misrepresent€his€or€herÐ » ! Ðidentity€or€qualifications,€the€identity€or€qualifications€of€anÐ "Ñ# Ðopponent,€or€any€other€fact;€andÐ /$% Ðà  àà ` à(f)€shall€not€allow€any€other€person€to€do€for€theÐ Ý%-!' Ðjudge€what€the€judge€is€prohibited€from€doing.Ð ‹'Û") Ðà  à(2)€A€candidate€for€a€judicial€office€may€respond€to€aÐ 9)‰$+ Ðpersonal€attack€or€an€attack€on€the€candidateððs€record€as€long€asÐ ç*7&- Ðthe€response€does€not€violate€Canon€5B€(1).Ð •,å'/ ÐÓÓCommittee€note:€€Canon€5A€(1)(b)€of€the€Model€Code€of€JudicialÐ ° ÐConduct€adopted€by€the€American€Bar€Association€in€2000€(ð ðABAÐ ‡× ÐCode€(2000)ðð)€probably€is€broad€enough€even€to€prohibit€a€judgeÐ ^® Ðfrom€endorsing€another€judge€who€is€also€a€candidate,€publicÐ 5… Ðendorsement€by€one€judicial€candidate€of€another€judicialÐ  \ Ðcandidate€has€long€been€permitted€in€Maryland.€€See€MarylandÐ ã3 ÐJudicial€Ethics€Opinion€No.€20€(issued€4/25/74).€Ð º  ÐÌà  àABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€5A€(1)(d),€which€bars€attendance€of€aÐ h ¸ Ðjudge„candidate€at€political€gatherings,€is€omitted€as€notÐ ?   Ðconsistent€with€Maryland€Judicial€Ethics€Opinion€No.€63€(issuedÐ  f  Ð5/8/78),€which€recognized€that€ð ðany€potential€opponents€...€wouldÐ í =  Ðclearly€take€advantage€of€this€type€of€exposure€[and]€...€it€isÐ Ä  Ðneither€desirable€nor€necessary€that€you,€as€a€candidate€forÐ ›ë  Ðelection,€be€denied€similar€opportunity.ððÐ r  ÐÌà  àABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€5A€(1)(e)€and€C€(2)€prohibits€a€judgeÐ  p  Ðfrom€personally€soliciting€or€accepting€campaign€funds€orÐ ÷G Ðpersonally€soliciting€publicly€stated€support;€however,€a€judgeÐ Î Ðmay€establish€ð ðcommittees€of€responsible€personsðð€to€do€theseÐ ¥õ Ðthings€for€the€judge.€€Theòòóó€Judicial€Ethics€and€the€RulesÐ |Ì ÐCommittee€believe€that€this€prohibition€may€be€too€restrictive,Ð S£ Ðsince€it€puts€a€judge€at€a€political€disadvantage€to€activeÐ *z Ðopposition.€€Maryland€law€does€require€all€campaign€funds€to€beÐ Q Ðpublicly€reported€by€the€campaign€treasurer.Ð Ø( ÐÌà  àThe€Judicial€Ethics€and€the€Rules€Committee€disagree€withÐ †Ö Ðthe€proposition€in€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€5A€(3)(a)Ô#†XoœXXXoœ j#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔ,Ô#†XoœXXXoœr£#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔ€which€statesÐ ]­ Ðthat€family€members€of€a€judge€should€adhere€to€the€sameÐ 4„ Ðstandards€of€political€conduct€as€a€judge€who€is€a€candidate€forÐ  [ Ðjudicial€office.€€The€Committees€believe€that€family€membersÐ â2 Ðshould€be€free€to€engage,€in€their€own€right,€in€politicalÐ ¹  Ðactivity€that€is€not€related€to€the€judgeððs€office.Ð à  ÐÌà  àABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€5A€(3)(b)€requires€that€a€judgeÐ >!Ž" Ðprohibit€public€officials€and€employees€subject€to€the€judge'sÐ "e# Ðdirection€and€control€from€doing€for€the€judge€what€the€judge€isÐ ì"<$ Ðprohibited€from€doing.€€The€Committees€believe€that€this€isÐ Ã#% Ðredundant€and€may€even€imply€that€a€judge€must€terminate€theÐ š$ê& Ðemployment€of€an€individual€who€does€not€follow€the€judge'sÐ q%Á ' Ðadmonitions€ð!ð€a€result€that€may€be€unreasonable€under€theÐ H&˜!( Ðcircumstances.€€Ð 'o") ÐÌÌÌÓÓC.€€STATUS€OF€JUDGE€OR€LAWYER€AS€CANDIDATE.Ð {*Ë%- Ðà  àð ðCandidateðð€applies€to€an€individual€seeking€to€be€electedÐ ),y'/ Ðto€or€to€retain€a€judicial€office:Ð ×-')1 Ѐ€€€(1)€as€to€a€newly€appointed€judge,€from€the€date€of€takingÐ ° Ðthe€oath€of€office€until€the€general€election€pertaining€to€thatÐ ^® Ðjudge's€election€or€initial€retention;€Ð  \ Ѐ€€€(2)€as€to€any€other€incumbent€judge,€from€the€earlier€of:Ð º  Ðà  àà ` à(a)€the€date€two€years€prior€to€the€general€electionÐ h ¸ Ðpertaining€to€that€judge's€re-election€or€subsequent€retention;Ð  f  ÐorÐ Ä  Ðà  àà ` à(b)€the€date€on€which€a€newly€appointed€judge€to€thatÐ r  Ðcourt€becomes€a€"candidate"€in€the€same€general€election;€Ð  p  Ðà  à(3)€as€to€a€judge€who€is€seeking€election€to€anotherÐ Î Ðjudicial€office,€the€earlier€of:Ð |Ì Ðà  àà ` à(a)€the€date€on€which€the€judge€files€a€certificate€ofÐ *z Ðcandidacy€in€accordance€with€Maryland€election€laws,€but€noÐ Ø( Ðearlier€than€two€years€prior€to€the€general€election€for€thatÐ †Ö Ðoffice;€or€Ð 4„ Ðà  àà ` à(b)€the€date€on€which€a€newly€appointed€judge€to€thatÐ â2 Ðcourt€becomes€a€"candidate"€in€the€same€general€election;€andÐ à  Ðà  à(4)€as€to€a€lawyer€who€is€seeking€a€judicial€office,€theÐ >!Ž" Ðdate€on€which€the€lawyer€files€a€certificate€of€candidacy€inÐ ì"<$ Ðaccordance€with€Maryland€election€laws,€but€no€earlier€than€twoÐ š$ê& Ðyears€prior€to€the€general€election€for€the€office.Ð H&˜!( ÐÓÓCommittee€note:€€Maryland€Judicial€Ethics€Opinion€No.€14€(issuedÐ ö'F#* Ð5/23/74)€allows€a€judge€to€begin€campaigning€as€a€candidateÐ Í($+ Ðimmediately€upon€assumption€of€office.€€The€longest€possibleÐ ¤)ô$, Ðcampaign€period€would€be€one€day€less€than€three€years.€€See€Ð {*Ë%- ÐMaryland€Constitution,€Article€IV,€ðð5.€€Maryland€Judicial€EthicsÐ R+¢&. ÐOpinion€No.€34€(issued€7/7/75),€which€had€allowed€an€incumbentÐ ),y'/ Ðjudge€to€campaign€for€re-election€only€from€January€1€of€the€yearÐ -P(0 Ðof€the€election,€was€found€to€be€too€restrictive,€so€MarylandÐ ×-')1 ÐJudicial€Ethics€Opinion€No.€57€(issued€11/28/77)€changed€theÐ ° Ðperiod€to€"times€which€are€reasonable€under€the€particularÐ ‡× Ðcircumstances€of€each€case."€€The€Judicial€Ethics€CommitteeÐ ^® Ðbelieved€that€the€latter€standard€was€too€vague,€and€the€Court€ofÐ 5… ÐAppeals€permitted€an€incumbent€judge€to€campaign€as€soon€as€theÐ  \ Ðpreceding€general€election€ended,€which€is€a€two-year€period,€orÐ ã3 Ðearlier€if€a€newly€appointed€judge,€who€will€be€a€running€mate€ofÐ º  Ðthe€incumbent€judge,€already€has€become€a€candidate.Ð ‘ á ÐÌà  àA€judge€should€be€permitted€to€engage€in€political€activityÐ ?   Ðregarding€the€judge's€candidacy€for€judicial€office€only€if€theÐ  f  Ðjudge's€intention€to€pursue€that€candidacy€is€clear.€€AnÐ í =  Ðincumbent€judge's€candidacy€for€election€or€re-election€is€fairlyÐ Ä  Ðobvious,€but€a€judge's€intention€to€seek€another€judicial€officeÐ ›ë  Ðis€not€as€clear;€therefore,€the€filing€of€a€certificate€ofÐ r  Ðcandidacy€is€required€in€the€latter€situation.Ð I™  ÐÌÌÌD.€€APPLICABILITY;€DISCIPLINE.Ð ¥õ ÐÌÓÓà  àA€candidate€who€is€a€judge€shall€comply€with€Canon€5.€€AÐ S£ Ðcandidate€who€is€a€lawyer€shall€comply€with€Rule€8.2€of€theÐ Q ÐMaryland€Rules€of€Professional€Conduct.€€A€successful€candidateÐ ¯ÿ Ðand€a€judge€who€unsuccessfully€sought€a€different€judicial€officeÐ ]­ Ðare€subject€to€judicial€discipline€for€campaign€conduct.€€AnÐ  [ Ðunsuccessful€candidate€who€is€a€lawyer€is€subject€to€attorneyÐ ¹  Ðdiscipline€for€campaign€conduct.Ð g ·! ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Rules€16„802€through€16„810€concerningÐ "e# Ðjudicial€discipline€and€Rules€16„701€through€16„781€concerningÐ ì"<$ Ðattorney€discipline.Ð Ã#% ÐÌÌÌÌÐ  ö'F#* ÐÓÓà@ÐÐ&ìàCANON€6€€ˆÐ ° Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ComplianceÐ ^® ÐÌA.€€COURTSÐ º  Ðà  àThis€Code€applies€to€each€judge€of€the€Court€of€Appeals,€theÐ h ¸ ÐCourt€of€Special€Appeals,€a€circuit€court,€the€District€Court,€orÐ  f  Ðan€orphans'€court.Ð Ä  ÐÌB.€€CONSTRUCTIONÐ  p  Ðà  àViolation€of€any€of€the€Canons€by€a€judge€may€be€regarded€asÐ Î Ðconduct€prejudicial€to€the€proper€administration€of€justiceÐ |Ì Ðwithin€the€meaning€of€Maryland€Rule€16-803€(j),€as€to€theÐ *z ÐCommission€on€Judicial€Disabilities.€€Ð Ø( ÐÓÓÌCommittee€note:€€Whether€a€violation€is€or€is€not€prejudicialÐ ]­ Ðconduct€is€to€be€determined€by€the€Court€of€Appeals€of€Maryland.€€Ð 4„ ÐMaryland€Constitution,€Article€IV,€ðð4B€gives€that€Court€theÐ  [ Ðauthority€to€discipline€any€judge€upon€recommendation€of€theÐ â2 ÐCommission€on€Judicial€Disabilities.€€This€disciplinary€power€isÐ ¹  Ðalternative€to€and€cumulative€with€the€impeachment€authority€ofÐ à  Ðthe€General€Assembly.€€Ð g ·! ÐÌÌÓÓC.€€FORMER€JUDGESÐ ì"<$ Ðà  àThis€Code,€other€than€Canon€4C€(Charitable,€Civic,€andÐ š$ê& ÐGovernmental€Activities),€D(2)€(Financial€Activities),€EÐ H&˜!( Ð(ò òFiduciaryó ó€Activities),€and€F€(Service€as€Arbitrator€orÐ ö'F#* ÐMediator),€applies€to€each€former€judge€of€one€of€those€courtsÐ ¼) %, Ðwho€is€approved€for€recall€for€temporary€service€under€MarylandÐ j+º&. ÐConstitution,€Article€IV,€ðð3A.Ð -h(0 ÐÓÓCross€reference:€As€to€approval€of€a€former€judge€for€recall,€seeÐ ° ÐCode,€Courts€Article,€ðð1„302.Ð ‡× ÐÌÌÓÓD.€€TIME€FOR€COMPLIANCEÐ  \ Ðà  àAn€individual€to€whom€this€Code€becomes€applicable€shallÐ º  Ðcomply€immediately€with€all€provisions€of€this€Code€except:€CanonÐ h ¸ Ð2C€(Avoidance€of€Impropriety€and€the€Appearance€of€Impropriety),Ð  f  ÐCanon€4D€(2)€(Financial€Activities),€and€Canon€4E€(ò òFiduciaryó óÐ Ä  ÐActivities).€€The€individual€shall€comply€with€Canons€2C€and€4DÐ ŠÚ  Ð(2)€and€E€as€soon€as€reasonably€possible,€and€shall€do€so€in€anyÐ 8ˆ  Ðevent€as€to€Canon€2C€within€two€years€and€as€to€Canon€4D€(2)€andÐ æ6 ÐE€within€one€year.Ð ”ä ÐÓÓÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€in€part€from€former€Rule€1231,Ð i ÐMaryland€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct,€adopted€by€Rules€Order€datedÐ ð@ ÐNovember€21,€1986,€effective€July€1,€1987,€as€amended€from€timeÐ Ç Ðto€time€(renumbered€Rule€16„813€by€Rules€Order€dated€January€18,Ð žî Ð1996,€effective€July€1,€1996€and€hereinafter€referred€to€asÐ uÅ Ðð ðMaryland€Code€(1987)ðð)€and€is€in€part€new,€patterned€for€theÐ Lœ Ðmost€part€on€the€Model€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct€adopted€by€theÐ #s ÐAmerican€Bar€Association€in€2000€(hereinafter€referred€to€as€ð ðABAÐ úJ ÐCode€(2000)ðð),€with€amendments€in€August€2003€(hereinafterÐ Ñ! Ðreferred€to€as€ð ðABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003)"),€as€follows:Ð ¨ø  ÐÌòòò òPreambleóóó óÐ V!¦" ÐÌà  àThe€Preamble€is€derived€from€the€Preamble€to€ABA€CodeÐ #`$ Ð(2000),€with€the€addition€of€the€last€paragraph.Ð ç#7% ÐÌòòò òTerminologyóóó óÐ •%å ' ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðfiduciaryðð€is€derived€from€a€similarÐ O'Ÿ") Ðdefinition€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000)€Terminology€section,€with€theÐ &(v#* Ðaddition€of€the€references€to€an€ð ðattorney„in„factðð€and€ð ðpersonalÐ ý(M$+ Ðrepresentative.ðð€€In€light€of€the€addition€of€this€definition,Ð Ô)$%, Ðthe€definition€of€ð ðfiduciaryðð€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3CÐ «*û%- Ð(3)(b)€for€the€limited€purpose€of€that€Canon€is€omitted.Ð ‚+Ò&. ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðgiftðð€is€added€to€reference€Code,€StateÐ 0-€(0 ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„102€(p),€which,€for€purposes€ofÐ .W)1 Ðprovisions€of€the€Maryland€Public€Ethics€Law€applicable€to€òòinterÐ ° Ðaliaóó€judges€as€of€the€date€this€Rule€was€proposed,€defined€ð ðgiftððÐ ‰Ù Ðto€mean€the€transfer€of€anything€of€economic€value,€regardless€ofÐ b² Ðform,€without€adequate€and€lawful€consideration,€but€not€toÐ 9‰ Ðinclude€the€solicitation,€acceptance,€receipt,€or€regulation€of€aÐ ` Ðpolitical€contribution€that€is€regulated€in€accordance€with€Code,Ð ç7 ÐElection€Law€Article€or€any€other€State€law€regulating€theÐ ¾  Ðconduct€of€elections€or€the€receipt€of€political€contributions.Ð • å ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðhonorariumðð€is€added€to€reference€Code,Ð C “  ÐState€Government€Articleò ò,ó ó€ðð15„102€(r),€which,€for€purposes€ofÐ  j  Ðprovisions€of€the€Maryland€Public€Ethics€Law€applicable€to€òòinterÐ ý M  Ðaliaóó€judges€as€of€the€date€this€Rule€was€proposed,€definedÐ Ö&  Ðð ðhonorariumðð€to€mean€the€payment€of€money€or€anything€of€valueÐ ¯ÿ  Ðfor€speaking€to,€participating€in,€or€attending€a€meeting€orÐ †Ö  Ðother€function€or€for€writing€an€article€that€has€been€or€isÐ ]­  Ðintended€to€be€published€but€not€to€include€payment€for€writing€aÐ 4„  Ðbook€that€has€been€or€is€intended€to€be€published.Ð  [ ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðimpartial,€impartiality,€or€impartiallyððÐ ¹  Ðis€derived€from€a€similar€definition€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000,Ð à Ðamended€2003)€Terminology€section,€with€the€addition€ofÐ g· Ðð ðimpartially.ððÐ >Ž ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðknowingly,€knowledge,€know,€or€knowsðð€isÐ ì< Ðderived€from€a€substantially€similar€definition€in€the€ABA€CodeÐ Ã Ð(2000)€Terminology€section.Ð šê ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðmember€of€the€judgeððs€familyðð€is€derivedÐ H˜ Ðfrom€a€substantially€similar€definition€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000)Ð o ÐTerminology€section.Ð öF ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðmember€of€the€judgeððs€householdðð€isÐ ¤ô  Ðsubstituted€for€the€definition€of€ð ðmember€of€the€judgeððs€familyÐ { Ë! Ðresiding€in€the€judgeððs€householdðð€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000)Ð R!¢" ÐTerminology€section,€to€incorporate€Code,€State€GovernmentÐ )"y# ÐArticle,€ðð15„102€(z),€which,€for€purposes€of€provisions€of€theÐ #P$ ÐMaryland€Public€Ethics€Law€applicable€to€òòinter€aliaóó€judges€as€ofÐ ×#'% Ðthe€date€this€Rule€was€proposed,€defined€ð ðmember€of€householdðð€toÐ °$ & Ðmean€ð ð(1)€if€sharing€an€individualððs€legal€residence,€theÐ ‡%× ' Ðindividualððs:€€(i)€spouse;€(ii)€child;€(iii)€ward;€(iv)Ð ^&®!( Ðfinancially€dependent€parent;€or€(v)€other€financially€dependentÐ 5'…") Ðrelative;€or€(2)€an€individualððs€spouse,€child,€ward,€parent,€orÐ  (\#* Ðother€relative,€over€whose€financial€affairs€the€individual€hasÐ ã(3$+ Ðlegal€or€actual€control.ððÐ º) %, ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðpolitical€organizationðð€is€derived€from€aÐ h+¸&. Ðsubstantially€similar€definition€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000)Ð ?,'/ ÐTerminology€section,€but€revised€to€state€expressly€that€anÐ -f(0 Ðorganization€may€act€for€more€than€one€candidate.Ð í-=)1 Їà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðrequireðð€is€derived€from€a€substantiallyÐ ° Ðsimilar€definition€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000)€Terminology€section.Ð ‡× ÐThe€infinitive€is€used€to€avoid€an€unnecessary€and€potentiallyÐ ^® Ðincomplete€listing€of€various€forms€of€ð ðrequire.ððÐ 5… ÐÌà  àThe€definition€of€ð ðsignificant€financial€interestðð€isÐ ã3 Ðderived€from€the€definition€of€ð ðfinancial€interestðð€set€forth€inÐ º  ÐCode,€State€Government€Article€(1984,€1995€Replacement€Volume€andÐ ‘ á Ð1998€Supplement),€ðð15„102€(n)€and€the€exceptions€in€theÐ h ¸ Ðdefinition€of€ð ðeconomic€interestðð€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000)Ð ?   ÐTerminology€Section.€€In€light€of€this€definition,€the€definitionÐ  f  Ðof€ð ðfinancial€interestðð€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3C€(3)(c)Ð í =  Ðfor€the€limited€purpose€of€that€Canon€and€the€term€ð ðde€minimisððÐ Ä  Ðin€the€ABA€Code€(2000)€Terminology€Section€are€omitted.€Ð ›ë  ÐReferences€to€a€proceeding€being€ð ðimminentðð€are€substituted€forÐ r  Ðthe€ABA€Code€(2000)€references€to€ð ðimpendingðð€proceedings.Ð I™  ÐÌà  àThe€def‚inition€of€ð ðthird€degree€of€relationshipðð€is€derivedÐ ÷G Ðfrom€a€substantially€similar€definition€in€the€ABA€Code€(2000)Ð Î ÐTerminology€section.€€In€light€of€the€addition€of€thisÐ ¥õ Ðdefinition,€the€requirement€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3CÐ |Ì Ð(3)(a)€for€calculation€of€relationships€according€to€the€civilÐ S£ Ðlaw€system€but€only€for€the€limited€purpose€of€that€Canon€isÐ *z Ðomitted.Ð Q ÐÌà  àThe€ABA€Code€(2000)€definitions€of€ð ðaggregate,ðð€ð ðappropriateÐ ¯ÿ Ðauthority,ðð€ð ðcandidate,ðð€ð ðcontinuing€part„time€judge,ðð€ð ðcourtÐ †Ö Ðpersonnel,ðð€ð ðlaw,ðð€ð ðmember€of€the€candidateððs€family,ðð€ð ðnonpublicÐ ]­ Ðinformation,ðð€ð ðperiodic€part„time€judge,ðð€ð ðpro€tempore€part„timeÐ 4„ Ðjudge,ðð€and€ð ðpublic€electionðð€are€omitted€as€inapplicable€toÐ  [ ÐMaryland€or€otherwise€unnecessary.Ð â2 ÐÌòòò òCanon€1ó óóóÐ à  ÐÌà  àCanon€1€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€1,Ð J!š" Ðexcept€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€ratherÐ !"q# Ðthan€hortatory€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€1.Ð ø"H$ ÐÌà  àCanon€1€is€consistent€with€Maryland€Declaration€of€Rights,Ð ¦$ö& ÐArticle€33,€which€states,€in€part,€that€ð ðthe€independency€andÐ }%Í ' Ðuprightness€of€Judges€are€essential€to€the€impartialÐ T&¤!( Ðadministration€of€Justice,€and€a€great€security€to€the€rights€andÐ +'{") Ðliberties€of€the€People.ððÐ (R#* ÐÌà  àABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€1€states€that€a€judge€shouldÐ °)%, Ðð ðparticipate€in€establishing,€maintaining€and€enforcing€highÐ ‡*×%- Ðstandards€of€conduct,€and€shall€personally€observe€thoseÐ ^+®&. Ðstandards€so€that€the€integrity€and€independence€of€the€judiciaryÐ 5,…'/ Ðwill€be€preserved.ðð€€Although€desirable,€a€judge€should€not€beÐ  -\(0 Ðobligated€to€participate€in€ð ðestablishingðð€standards€of€conduct.Ð ã-3)1 Їà  àThe€Comment€is€new€and€is€substantially€the€same€as€theÐ ° ÐCommentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),€Canon€1.Ð ‡× ÐÌò òòòCanon€2óóó óÐ 5… ÐÌà  àCanon€2A€is€derived€from€the€first€sentence€of€Maryland€CodeÐ ï? Ð(1987),€Canon€2A,€except€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€toÐ Æ  Ðbe€mandatory€rather€than€hortatory€in€accordance€with€ABA€CodeÐ  í Ð(2000,€amended€2003),€Canon€2A.Ð t Ä ÐÌà  àThe€second€sentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€2A,€whichÐ " r  Ðsuggested€application€of€the€Canon€to€both€personal€andÐ ù I  Ðprofessional€life,€now€is€covered€in€the€Comment€to€Canon€2A.Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àThe€Comment€to€Canon€2A€is€based€on€the€first€paragraph€ofÐ ~Î  Ðthe€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€2B€and,€with€theÐ U¥  Ðomission€of€the€second€sentence€as€to€avoiding€impropriety€andÐ ,|  Ðappearance€of€impropriety,€on€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000,Ð S Ðamended€2003),€Canon€2A.Ð Ú* ÐÌà  àCanon€2B€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€2B,Ð ˆØ Ðexcept€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€ratherÐ _¯ Ðthan€hortatory€and€references€to€political€relationships,€toÐ 6† Ðlending€prestige,€and€to€the€judgeððs€benefit€are€added€inÐ  ] Ðaccordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€2B.€€Additionally,Ð ä4 Ðreferences€to€an€appearance€of€improper€influence€and€toÐ »  Ðemployment€offers,€are€added.Ð ’â ÐÌà  àThe€Comment€to€Canon€2B€is€based€on€the€Commentary€to€ABAÐ @ ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€2B,€with€the€addition€of€the€reference€to€aÐ g Ðð ðpersonalðð€communication€and€omission€of€the€third€sentence€ofÐ î> Ðthe€second€paragraph,€as€to€retaining€control€over€advertisementÐ Å Ðof€publications,€which€was€considered€impracticable;€the€secondÐ œì  Ðsentence€of€the€fourth€paragraph,€as€to€Canon€5€with€respect€toÐ s Ã! Ðuse€of€a€judgeððs€name€in€political€activities,€and€the€reference,Ð J!š" Ðin€that€paragraph,€as€to€responses€to€official€inquiries€aboutÐ !"q# Ðjudicial€candidates;€and€the€second€and€fourth€sentences€of€theÐ ø"H$ Ðfifth€paragraph,€as€to€the€effect€of€testifying€on€lawyers€andÐ Ï#% Ðthe€need€to€discourage€requests€for€such€testimony.Ð ¦$ö& ÐÌà  àCanon€2C€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€2C€andÐ T&¤!( Ðthe€comparable€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€2C.Ð +'{") ÐÌà  àThe€Comment€to€Canon€2C€is€derived€from€the€Comment€toÐ Ù()$+ ÐMaryland€Code€(1987)€and€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€2C,Ð °)%, Ðwith€the€addition€of€the€third€and€fourth€sentences,€derived€fromÐ ‡*×%- Ðpart€of€the€Maryland€Code€(1987)€Committee€Note€to€Canon€2C.Ð ^+®&. ÐAdditionally,€the€citations€to€various€cases€are€omitted.Ð 5,…'/ ÐÌòòò òÐ ã-3)1 ÐCanon€3ó óóóÐ ° ÐÌà  àCanon€3A€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3A€(9)Ð jº Ðand€the€comparable€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(5),€except€as€toÐ A‘ Ðpersons€under€the€direction€and€control€of€a€judge,€and€from€theÐ h Ðreferences€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(1),€the€comparableÐ ï? ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3C€(1),€the€Comment€to€Maryland€CodeÐ Æ  Ð(1987),€Canon€3A€(9),€and€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð  í ÐCanon€3B€(5),€as€to€diligence,€impartiality,€and€absence€of€biasÐ t Ä Ðand€prejudice.€€Duties€set€forth€previously€as€pertaining€toÐ K ›  Ðadjudicative€or€administrative€functions€that€in€fact€pertain€toÐ " r  Ðall€judicial€functions€are€set€forth€in€Canon€3A.Ð ù I  ÐÌà  àThe€requirement€in€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3A€that€judicialÐ §÷  Ðduties€take€precedence€ð ðover€all€...€other€activitiesðð€and€theÐ ~Î  Ðdescription€of€ð ðjudicial€dutiesðð€as€those€prescribed€by€ð ðlawðð€areÐ U¥  Ðomitted.Ð ,|  ÐÌà  àThe€Comment€to€Canon€3A€is€derived€from,€except€as€theyÐ Ú* Ðrelate€to€persons€under€control€of€a€judge,€the€Comment€toÐ ± ÐMaryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3A€(9)€and€Commentary€to€ABA€CodeÐ ˆØ Ð(2000),€Canon€3B€(5),€except€that€the€first€paragraph€has€beenÐ _¯ Ðrestated€as€the€fifth€sentence€and€the€listing€of€those€who€couldÐ 6† Ðperceive€judicial€bias€is€omitted.Ð  ] ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(1)€and€(2)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),Ð »  ÐCanon€3A€(1)€and€(2),€except€that€the€language€has€been€rewordedÐ ’â Ðto€be€mandatory€rather€than€hortatory,€in€accordance€with€ABAÐ i¹ ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€3B€(2).Ð @ ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(3)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3AÐ î> Ð(3),€except€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatoryÐ Å Ðrather€than€hortatory€and€the€newly€defined€term€ð ðrequireðð€isÐ œì  Ðsubstituted€for€ð ðmaintain,ðð€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð s Ã! ÐCanon€3B€(3).Ð J!š" ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(4)€and€(5)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),Ð ø"H$ ÐCanon€3A€(4),€except€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€beÐ Ï#% Ðmandatory€rather€than€hortatory,€in€accordance€with€ABA€CodeÐ ¦$ö& Ð(2000),€Canon€3B€(4).€€The€Comment€to€Canon€3B€(5)€is€derivedÐ }%Í ' Ðfrom€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(4).Ð T&¤!( ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(6)(a)€and€(b)€is€derived€from€the€first€sentenceÐ (R#* Ðof€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3A€(5),€except€that€the€languageÐ Ù()$+ Ðhas€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€rather€than€hortatory,€inÐ °)%, Ðaccordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(7).€€Additionally,€theÐ ‡*×%- Ðlimitations€ð ðpending€before€the€judgeðð€and€ð ð[w]hile€presidingÐ ^+®&. Ðover€a€proceedingðð€are€added.€€Canon€3B€(6)(c),€(d),€(f),€and€(g)Ð 5,…'/ Ðis€derived€from€the€exceptions€in€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3BÐ  -\(0 Ð(7)(a),€(d),€(c),€and€(e)€and€the€second€sentence€of€the€CommentÐ ã-3)1 Ðto€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3A€(5)€as€to€consultation€withÐ ° Ðother€judges€and€staff.€€Canon€3B€(6)(e)€is€derived€from€theÐ ‡× Ðsecond€sentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3A€(5)€and€theÐ ^® Ðcomparable€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(7)(b),€with€the€addition€ofÐ 5… Ðð ðreasonable.ðð€€The€first€and€fourth€paragraphs€of€the€Comment€toÐ  \ ÐCanon€3B€(6)€are€derived€from€the€first€and€third€sentences€ofÐ ã3 Ðthe€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3A€(5)€and€theÐ º  Ðcomparable€first€and€fourth€paragraphs€of€the€Commentary€to€ABAÐ ‘ á ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€3B€(7).€€The€second,€third,€and€fifth€throughÐ h ¸ Ðninth€paragraphs€of€the€Comment€to€Canon€3B€(6)€are€derived€fromÐ ?   Ðthe€second,€third,€and€fifth€through€ninth€paragraphs€of€theÐ  f  ÐCommentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(7),€with€the€addition,Ð í =  Ðin€the€sixth€paragraph,€of€a€reference€to€ð ðmatters€of€which€theÐ Ä  Ðcourt€properly€can€take€judicial€notice.ððÐ ›ë  ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(7)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3AÐ I™  Ð(6),€except€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatoryÐ  p  Ðrather€than€hortatory€and€the€words€ð ðefficientlyðð€and€ð ðfairlyððÐ ÷G Ðare€added,€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(8).€€TheÐ Î ÐComment€to€Canon€3B€(7)€is€derived€from€the€Comment€to€MarylandÐ ¥õ ÐCode€(1987),€Canon€3A€(6)€and€the€comparable€second€paragraph€ofÐ |Ì Ðthe€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(8).€€The€firstÐ S£ Ðparagraph€of€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(8),€asÐ *z Ðto€supervision€of€cases€to€ensure€rights€to€be€heard€withoutÐ Q Ðunnecessary€cost€or€delay€and€facilitation€of€settlement,€isÐ Ø( Ðomitted.Ð ¯ÿ ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(8)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3AÐ ]­ Ð(7),€except€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatoryÐ 4„ Ðrather€than€hortatory€and€reference€to€an€expectation€ofÐ  [ Ðaffecting€an€outcome€of€fairness€is€added,€in€accordance€with€theÐ â2 Ðfirst€and€second€sentences€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(9).€€TheÐ ¹  Ðfourth€sentence€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(9),€which€excludesÐ à  Ða€judge€acting€òòpro€seóó,€is€omitted.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€3B€(8)Ð g ·! Ðis€derived€from€the€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3A€(7)Ð @!" Ðand€the€third€sentence€of€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð "g# ÐCanon€3B€(9).Ð î">$ ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(9)€and€the€Comment€to€Canon€3B€(9)€are€derivedÐ œ$ì& Ðfrom€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),€Canon€3B€(10)€and€theÐ s%à ' ÐCommentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),€Canon€3B€(10).Ð J&š!( ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(10)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3AÐ ø'H#* Ð(8),€except€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatoryÐ Ï($+ Ðrather€than€hortatory,€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000,€amendedÐ ¦)ö$, Ð2003),€Canon€3B€(11),€and€has€been€broadened€to€coverÐ }*Í%- Ðcommunication€in€addition€to€oral€communication,€in€accordanceÐ T+¤&. Ðwith€the€Comment€to€Canon€3A.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€3B€(10)€isÐ +,{'/ Ðderived€from€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),Ð -R(0 ÐCanon€3B€(11).Ð Ù-))1 Їà  àCanon€3B€(11)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3AÐ ° Ð(10)€and€the€comparable€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(6).Ð ‡× ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(12)€is€derived€from€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3B€(1).Ð 5… ÐÌà  àCanon€3C€(1)€is€derived€from€the€provisions€as€toÐ ã3 Ðcooperation€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(1)€and€theÐ º  Ðproscription€against€favoritism€and€nepotism€in€the€firstÐ ‘ á Ðsentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(4),€except€that€theÐ h ¸ Ðlanguage€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€rather€than€hortatory,Ð ?   Ðin€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3C€(1)€and€(4).€€TheÐ  f  Ðprovisions€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(1)€and€ABA€CodeÐ í =  Ð(2000),€Canon€3C€(1)€as€to€maintaining€ð ðprofessional€competenceÐ Ä  Ðin€judicial€administrationðð€are€omitted.€€The€Comment€to€MarylandÐ ›ë  ÐCode€(1987),€Canon€3B€(1),€which€described€the€revision€of€theÐ r  Ð1987€provisions€as€to€bias€and€prejudice€and€cooperation,€also€isÐ I™  Ðomitted.Ð  p  ÐÌà  àCanon€3C€(2)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3BÐ Î Ð(2)€and€the€comparable€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3C€(2).€€TheÐ ¥õ ÐComment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(2),€which€describedÐ |Ì Ðthe€revision€of€the€1987€provision,€is€omitted.Ð S£ ÐÌà  àCanon€3C€(3)€is€derived€from€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3C€(3).Ð Q ÐÌà  àCanon€3C€(4)€is€derived€from€the€second€and€third€sentencesÐ ¯ÿ Ðof€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(4),€except€that€the€languageÐ †Ö Ðhas€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€rather€than€hortatory,€inÐ ]­ Ðaccordance€with€the€first€and€fourth€sentences€of€ABA€CodeÐ 4„ Ð(2000),€Canon€3C€(4).€€The€provision€of€the€first€sentence€ofÐ  [ ÐMaryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(4)€as€to€appointing€qualifiedÐ â2 Ðpersons€is€omitted.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€3C€(4)€is€derived€fromÐ ¹  Ðthe€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3B€(4)€and€the€secondÐ à  Ðsentence€of€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3C€(4).€€TheÐ g ·! Ðfirst€sentence€of€the€ABA€Commentary,€which€listed€examples€ofÐ >!Ž" Ðappointees,€is€omitted.Ð "e# ÐÌà  àABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3C€(5),€which€would€bar€appointmentÐ Ã#% Ðof€election€contributors,€is€omitted.Ð š$ê& ÐÌà  àCanon€3D€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3C,Ð H&˜!( Ðexcept€that€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€ratherÐ 'o") Ðthan€hortatory,€reference€to€bias€or€prejudice€against€ð ða€party‚ððsÐ ö'F#* Ðlawyerðð€is€added€in€Canon€3D€(1)(a),€refe‚rence€to€a€former€lawÐ Í($+ Ðpartner€as€a€material€witness€is€omitted€from€Canon€3D€(1)(b),Ð ¤)ô$, Ðthe€requirement€that€the€judge€know€of€a€relativeððs€position€asÐ {*Ë%- Ðdirector,€officer,€or€trustee€is€omitted€in€Canon€3D€(1)(c),€andÐ R+¢&. ÐCanon€3D€(1)(e)€is€added,€all€in€accord‚ance€with€ABA€Code€(2000,Ð ),y'/ Ðamended€2003),€Canon€3E€(1)(a)€through€(e)€and€(2).€Ð -P(0 ÐAdditionally,€ð ðrecus‚eðð€is€substituted€for€ð ðnot€participat‚eðð€andÐ ×-')1 Ðð ðdisqualify.ðð€€Also,€in€Canon€3D€(1)(a),€ð ðextra„judicialðð€isÐ ° Ðsubstituted€for€ð ðpersonal.ðð€€In€Canon€3D€(1)(c)€and€(2),€theÐ ‡× Ðnewly€defined€terms€ð ðmem‚ber€of€the€judgeððs€familyðð€and€ð ðmember€ofÐ ^® Ðthe€judgeððs€householdðð€are€substituted€for€the€narrowerÐ 5… Ðreferences€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3C€(1)‚(c)€and€(2)€to€aÐ  \ Ðð ðspou‚seðð€and€ð ðminorðð€children€ð ðresiding€in€the€judgeððs€householdððÐ ã3 Ðand€in€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),€Canon€3E€(1)(‚c)€and€(2)€toÐ º  Ða€ð ðspouse,€parent€or€child€wherever€residing,€or€any€other€memberÐ ‘ á Ðof€the€judgeððs€family€residing€in€the€judgeððs€householdðð€andÐ h ¸ Ðð ðspouse€and€minor€children€residing€in€the€judgeððs€householdðð€toÐ ?   Ðconform€to€the€Maryland€Public€Ethics€Law€applicable€to€òòinterÐ  f  Ðaliaóó€judges.€€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3E€(1)(e),€which€providesÐ ï ?  Ðfor€recusal€in€cases€involving€campaign€contributors,€is€omitted.Ð È  ÐÌà  àThe€Comment€to€Canon€3D€(1)(b)€is€derived€from€the€CommentÐ vÆ  Ðto€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3C€(1)(b).€€The€Comment€to€CanonÐ M  Ð3D€(1)(c)€is€derived€from€the€first€sentence€of€the€secondÐ $t  Ðparagraph€of€the€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3CÐ ûK Ð(1)(c),€while€the€second€and€third€sentences€of€that€paragraphÐ Ò" Ðare€omitted.€€The€first€paragraph,€which€set€forth€a€statutoryÐ ©ù Ðdefinition€of€ð ðsignificant€financial€interest,ðð€is€omitted€asÐ €Ð Ðunnecessary€in€light€of€the€Terminology€section.€€ABA€CodeÐ W§ Ð(2000),€Canon€3D€(1)(c)€requires€recusal€if€any€but€a€òòde€minimisóóÐ .~ Ðeconomic€interest€is€present.€€Use€of€ð ðsignificant€financialÐ W Ðinterestðð€reflects€the€decision€of€the€Court€of€Appeals,€in€theÐ Þ. Ð1987€revision,€that€òòde€minimisóó€financial€interests€should€notÐ µ Ðrequire€recusal€automatically.ò òó óÐ ŽÞ ÐÌà  àThe€Comment€to€Canon€3D€(1)(d)(ii)€is€derived€from€theÐ <Œ ÐComment€to€Mary‚land€Code€(1987),€Canon€3C€(1)(d)(ii).Ð c ÐÌà  àThe€Comment€to€Canon€3D€(2)€is€derived€from€the€CommentaryÐ Á Ðto€the€introductory€language€of€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),Ð ˜è  ÐCanon€3E€(1),€except€the€second€sentence€as€to€employmentÐ o ¿! Ðnegotiation,€which€now€is€covered€by€Canon€2B.Ð F!–" ÐÌà  àCanon€3E€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3D,Ð ô"D$ Ðwith€the€substitution€of€ð ðout€of€the€presence€of€the€judgeðð€forÐ Ë#% Ðð ðindependently€of€the€judgeððs€participationðð€and€the€addition€ofÐ ¢$ò& Ða€requirement€that€an€agreement€be€on€the€record€to€conform€toÐ y%É ' ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3F.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€3E€isÐ P& !( Ðsubstituted€for€the€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3D,Ð ''w") Ðwhich€allowed€agreement€by€a€òòpro€seóó€party€for€a€judgeððsÐ þ'N#* Ðparticipation,€to€ensure€an€independent€decision€while€allowing€aÐ ×('$+ Ðjudge€to€remind€parties€that€a€non„recusal€agreement€isÐ ®)þ$, Ðpermissible.Ð …*Õ%- ÐÌà  àCanon€3F€(1)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€3BÐ 3,ƒ'/ Ð(3),€with€the€omission€of€the€phrase€ð ðof€which€the€judge€may€beÐ  -Z(0 Ðaware.ðð€€Canon€3F€(2)€and€(3)€is€derived€from€the€secondÐ á-1)1 Ðsentences€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3D€(1)€and€(2),€with€theÐ ° Ðaddition€of€the€qualifier€ð ð[i]f€other€corrective€measures€are€notÐ ‡× Ðappropriate€or,€if€attempted,€were€not€successful.ðð€€The€firstÐ ^® Ðsentences€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3D€(1)€and€(2),€which€exhortÐ 5… Ða€judge€to€take€appropriate€action€based€on€a€ð ðlikelihoodðð€of€aÐ  \ Ðviolation,€are€omitted.€€Canon€3F€(4)€is€derived€from€ABA€CodeÐ ã3 Ð(2000),€Canon€3D€(3),€except€for€the€clause€pertaining€toÐ º  Ðexemption€from€civil€action.€€The€first€sentence€of€the€CommentÐ ‘ á Ðto€Canon€3F€is€added,€while€the€second€sentence€is€deriv‚ed€fromÐ h ¸ Ðthe€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€3D€(3).€€The€thirdÐ ?   Ðsentence€is€derived€from€the€Com‚ment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),Ð  f  ÐCanon€3B(3).Ð í =  ÐÌòòò òÌCanon€4ó óóóÐ ~Î  ÐÌà  àCanon€4A€is€derived€from€the€introductory€language€ofÐ 8ˆ  ÐMaryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4,€but€reworded€to€state€a€duty€inÐ _ Ðthe€manner€of€conducting€an€extra„judicial€activity,€inÐ æ6 Ðaccordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4A.€€In€Canon€4A€(1),Ð ½  Ðreference€to€ð ðcaus[ing]€a€substantial€questionðð€is€substitutedÐ ”ä Ðfor€ð ðcast€reasonable€doubt.ðð€€The€first€paragraph€of€the€CommentÐ k» Ðto€Canon€4A€is€derived€from€the€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),Ð B’ ÐCanon€4A€and€the€comparable€paragraph€in€the€Commentary€to€ABAÐ i ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€4A.€€The€first€sentence€of€the€secondÐ ð@ Ðparagraph€of€the€Comment€to€Canon€4A€is€added€to€highlight€theÐ Ç Ðpurpose€of€the€examples€in€the€second€through€fourth€sentences,Ð žî Ðwhich€are€derived€from€the€second€paragraph€of€the€Commentary€toÐ uÅ ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4A.Ð Lœ ÐÌÌà  àCanon€4B€is€derived€from€the€first€two€sentences€of€MarylandÐ Ñ! ÐCode€(1987),€Canon€4A,€with€addition€of€the€qualifier€ð ð[s]ubjectÐ ¨ø  Ðto€other€provisions€of€this€Code,ðð€in€accordance€with€ABA€CodeÐ  Ï! Ð(2000),€Canon€4B,€and€omission€of€the€phrase€ð ðon€both€legal€andÐ V!¦" Ðnon„legal€subjects.ðð€€The€second€sentence€of€Maryland€CodeÐ -"}# Ð(1987),€Canon€4A,€which€expressly€allowed€recreational€and€socialÐ #T$ Ðactivities,€is€omitted.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€4B€is€derived€fromÐ Û#+% Ðthe€second€paragraph€of€the€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),Ð ²$ & ÐCanon€4C€(1)€and€the€first,€second,€and€fourth€sentences€of€theÐ ‰%Ù ' ÐCommentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4B.€€The€third€sentence€ofÐ `&°!( Ðthe€ABA€Commentary,€which€enables€judges€to€participate€inÐ 7'‡") Ðpromoting€fair€administration€of€justice,€judicial€independence,Ð (^#* Ðand€the€integrity€of€the€legal€profession€and€to€opposeÐ å(5$+ Ðpersecution€in€other€countries,€is€omitted.Ð ¼) %, ÐÌà  àCanon€4C€(1)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4BÐ j+º&. Ð(1),€but,€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(1),€isÐ A,‘'/ Ðreworded€to€bar€appearance€except€in€specified€instances€such€asÐ -h(0 Ðthe€private€capacity€exception€in€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4BÐ ï-?)1 Ð(3),€which,€accordingly,€is€omitted.€€Also,€ð ðimprovement€ofðð€isÐ ° Ðadded€to€modify€ð ðthe€law,ðð€to€conform€to€the€Comment€to€Canon€4B.Ð ‡× ÐThe€Comment€to€Canon€4C€(1)€is€derived€from€the€Comment€toÐ ^® ÐMaryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4B€(1)€and€renders€unnecessary€theÐ 5… ÐMaryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4B€(1)€reference€to€mattersÐ  \ Ðconcerning€ð ðthe€judiciary.ðð€€The€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð ã3 ÐCanon€4B€(1),€cross„referencing€Canon€2B,€is€omitted.Ð º  ÐÌà  àCanon€4C€(2)€is€derived€from€the€provision€of€Maryland€CodeÐ h ¸ Ð(1987),€Canon€4B€(2)€as€to€serving€on€a€governmental€advisoryÐ ?   Ðbody€and€the€similar,€first€sentence€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4BÐ  f  Ð(2),€but€is€restated€to€allow€acceptance€of€an€appointment€to€aÐ í =  Ðgovernmental€advisory€commission,€committee,€or€position€inÐ Ä  Ðaddition€to€those€devoted€to€the€administration€of€justice,€theÐ ›ë  Ðlegal€system,€or€improvement€of€the€law.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€4CÐ r  Ð(2)€is€derived€from€the€third€and€fourth€sentences€of€the€CommentÐ I™  Ðto€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4B€(2)€and€the€third€sentence€ofÐ  p  Ðthe€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(2).€€The€second€andÐ ÷G Ðthird€sentences€of€the€Maryland€Code€(1987)€Comment€and€theÐ Î Ðcomparable€sentences€in€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€CanonÐ ¥õ Ð4C€(2),€which€referenced€the€valuable€service€rendered€in€theÐ |Ì Ðpast€and€the€demands€of€todayððs€dockets€and€controversies,€areÐ S£ Ðomitted.€The€second€paragraph€of€the€ABA€Commentary,€whichÐ *z Ðdisclaimed€effect€on€nongovernmental€service,€also€is€omitted.Ð Q ÐÌà  àCanon€4C€(3)€is€derived€from€the€provision€of€Maryland€CodeÐ ¯ÿ Ð(1987),€Canon€4B€(2)€as€to€ceremonial€occasions€and€theÐ †Ö Ðcomparable€second€sentence€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(2).€Ð ]­ ÐÌà  àCanon€4C€(4)(a)€and€(b)€is€derived€from€the€introductoryÐ  [ Ðlanguage€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€and€the€comparable€ABAÐ â2 ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3),€except€as€it€related€to€governmentalÐ ¹  Ðservice.€€The€reference€to€membership€is€omitted€from€Canon€4CÐ à  Ð(4)(b)€as€potentially€covering€entities€such€as€condominiumÐ g ·! Ðassociations€that€may€be€conducted€for€economic€advantage€butÐ >!Ž" Ðmembership€in€which€is€not€intended€to€be€proscribed.€€TheÐ "e# Ðadjective€ð ðnon„legalðð€is€omitted€from€Canon€4C€(4)(b),€as€actingÐ ì"<$ Ðas€a€ð ðlegalðð€adviser€also€is€barred€under€Canon€4G.€€The€CommentÐ Ã#% Ðto€Canon€4C€(4)(a)€is€derived€from€the€second€paragraph€of€theÐ š$ê& ÐCommentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3).€€The€first€and€thirdÐ q%Á ' Ðparagraphs€of€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3),€asÐ H&˜!( Ðto€governmental€service€and€other€potentially€applicable€CodeÐ 'o") Ðprovisions,€are€omitted.€€Canon€4C€(4)(c)€is€derived€fromÐ ö'F#* ÐMaryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€(1)(b)€and€(c)€and€the€comparableÐ Í($+ ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3)(a),€with€the€omission€of€theÐ ¤)ô$, Ðreference€to€membership,€the€adjective€ð ðnon„legal,ðð€and€theÐ {*Ë%- Ðlanguage€ð ðwill€be€engaged€in€proceedings€that€would€ordinarilyÐ R+¢&. Ðcome€beforeðð€the€judge€and,€to€broaden€the€limitation€on€theÐ ),y'/ Ðjudgeððs€€service€to€such€organizationsÔ#†XoœXXXoœµ£#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔ,€the€substitution€of€theÐ -P(0 Ðreference€to€ð ðany€courtðð€for€limited€references€to€courts€onÐ ×-')1 Ðwhich€the€judge€serves€or€has€appellate€jurisdiction.€€TheÐ ° ÐComment€to€Canon€4C€(4)(c)€is€derived€from€the€first€paragraph€ofÐ ‡× Ðthe€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€(1)€and€theÐ ^® Ðcomparable€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3)(a).Ð 5… ÐÌà  àCanon€4C€(4)(d)(i)(A)€is€derived€from€the€first€clause€ofÐ ã3 Ðthe€first€sentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€(2),€exceptÐ º  Ðas€to€use€of€prestige,€with€the€addition€of€the€exception€forÐ ‘ á Ðsolicitation€from€certain€other€judges,€in€accordance€with€ABAÐ h ¸ ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3)(b)(i).€€The€second€clause€of€the€firstÐ ?   Ðsentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€(2),€as€to€listing€onÐ  f  Ðletterhead,€is€omitted€from€the€Canon€but€discussion€of€suchÐ í =  Ðusage€is€added€to€the€Comment€to€Canon€4C€(4)(d).€€Canon€4CÐ Ä  Ð(4)(d)(i)(B)€is€derived€from€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4CÐ ›ë  Ð(3)(B)(iii).€€Canon€4C€(4)(d)(ii)€is€derived€from€the€thirdÐ r  Ðsentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€(2),€except€as€toÐ I™  Ðattendance.€€Canon€4C€(4)(d)(iii)€is€derived€from€the€firstÐ  p  Ðsentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€(2),€as€it€related€toÐ ÷G Ðuse€of€prestige,€with€the€addition€of€the€reference€toÐ Î Ðð ðmembership€solicitation,ðð€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð ¥õ ÐCanon€4C€(3)(b)(iv).€€Canon€4C€(4)(d)(iv)€(A)€and€(B)€is€derivedÐ |Ì Ðfrom€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3)(b)(i),€except€as€to€personalÐ S£ Ðsolicitation.€€Canon€4C€(4)(d)(iv)(C)€is€derived€from€the€secondÐ *z Ðsentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4C€(2)€and€the€comparableÐ Q ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3)(b)(ii).€€The€words€ð ðimprovement€ofððÐ Ø( Ðare€added€to€modify€ð ðthe€law,ðð€to€conform€to€the€Comment€to€CanonÐ ¯ÿ Ð4B.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€4C€(4)(d)€is€derived€from€theÐ †Ö ÐCommentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4C€(3)(b),€with€the€additionÐ ]­ Ðof€the€provision€as€to€listing€as€a€director,€officer,€orÐ 4„ Ðtrustee.Ð  [ ÐÌà  àCanon€4D€(1)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4DÐ ¹  Ð(1),€but€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€ratherÐ à  Ðthan€hortatory,€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4D€(1).Ð g ·! ÐReference€to€ð ðCanon€2Bðð€is€substituted€for€the€references€toÐ >!Ž" Ðð ðus[ing]€the€judgeððs€positionðð€and€being€ð ðreasonably€...Ð "e# Ðperceived€to€exploit€the€judgeððs€judicial€position.ðð€€The€CommentÐ ì"<$ Ðto€Canon€4D€(1)€is€derived€from€the€third€and€fourth€paragraphsÐ Ã#% Ðof€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4D€(1).€€The€firstÐ š$ê& Ðtwo€paragraphs€of€the€ABA€Commentary,€as€to€time€for€complianceÐ q%Á ' Ðand€use€of€confidential€information,€are€omitted.Ð H&˜!( ÐÌÒ°Òà  àCanon€4D€(2)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4DÐ ö'F#* Ð(2),€with€the€addition€of€the€phrase€ð ðsubject€to€other€provisionsÐ Í($+ Ðof€this€Code,ðð€in€accordance€with€the€similar€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð ¤)ô$, ÐCanon€4D€(2).€€The€ABA€Code€provision,€however,€includesÐ {*Ë%- Ðinvestment€holdings€of€a€member€of€the€judgeððs€family,€which€isÐ R+¢&. Ðnot€included€in€Canon€4D€(2).€€Accordingly,€the€Commentary€to€ABAÐ ),y'/ ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€4D€(2)€is€omitted.€€Additionally,€the€ABA€CodeÐ -P(0 Ðprovision€does€not€contain€the€exemptions€contained€in€the€1987Ð ×-')1 ÐMaryland€provision€and€carried€forward€in€Canon€4D€(2).€€ABA€CodeÐ ° Ð(2000),€Canon€4D€(3)€and€the€Commentary,€as€to€business€entitiesÐ ‡× Ðother€than€certain€family„owned€businesses,€is€omitted.€€Canon€4DÐ ^® Ð(3)€and€(4)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4D€(3)€andÐ 5… Ð(4),€but€the€language€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€ratherÐ  \ Ðthan€hortatory,€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),Ð ã3 ÐCanons€4D€(4)€and€3B€(12),€with€addition€of€the€qualifierÐ º  Ðð ðconfidential,€privileged,€or€otherwise€not€part€of€the€publicÐ ‘ á Ðrecord.ðð€€The€cross€references€to€rules€and€statutory€provisionsÐ h ¸ Ðgoverning€access€to€court€records€and€confidentiality€are€added.Ð ?   ÐÌÒ°Òà  àThe€introductory€language€of€Canon€4D€(5)€is€derived€fromÐ í =  Ðthe€third€sentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4F€(1),€butÐ Ä  Ðreworded€to€bar€acceptance€absent€an€exception,€in€accordanceÐ ›ë  Ðwith€the€introductory€language€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4D€(5).Ð r  ÐCanon€4D€(5)(a)€is€derived€from€the€first€sentence€of€the€CommentÐ I™  Ðto€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4F€(2)€and€Commentary€to€ABA€CodeÐ  p  Ð(2000),€Canon€4D€(5).€€Canon€4D€(5)(b)€is€derived€from€MarylandÐ ÷G ÐCode€(1987),€Canon€4F€(1)(a),€reworded€to€bar€acceptance,€withÐ Î Ðthe€addition€of€references€to€a€ð ðtape€or€other€resource€materialððÐ ¥õ Ðand€ð ðan€invitation€to€...€a€bar„related€function€or€an€activityÐ |Ì Ðdevoted€to€...€improvement€of€the€law,ðð€in€accordance€with€ABAÐ S£ ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€4D€(5)(a).€€Therefore,€the€second€paragraph€ofÐ *z Ðthe€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4F€(2),€as€toÐ Q Ðinvitations,€is€omitted.€€Canon€4D€(5)(c)€and€(i)€is€derived€fromÐ Ø( ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4D€(5)(b)€and€(h).€€Canon€4D€(5)(d)Ð ¯ÿ Ðthrough€(h)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4F€(1)(b)Ð †Ö Ðthrough€(d),€(f),€and€(e),€respectively,€and€the€comparable€ABAÐ ]­ ÐCode€(2000),€Canon€4D€(5)(c)€through€(g).€€In€Canon€4D€(5)(f),Ð 4„ Ðð ðbequestðð€has€been€added€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð  [ ÐCanon€4D€(5)(e),€but€the€word€ð ðrecusalðð€has€been€retained€fromÐ â2 Ðthe€1987€Maryland€Code,€instead€of€ð ðdisqualification.ðð€€In€CanonÐ ¹  Ð4D€(5)(h),€reference€to€ð ðthe€same€criteria€applied€to€otherÐ à  Ðapplicantsðð€is€added,€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€CanonÐ g ·! Ð4D€(5)(g).€€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4F€(2),€which€ascribesÐ >!Ž" Ðfavors,€gifts,€and€loans€to€a€household€member€to€the€judge,€isÐ "e# Ðomitted.Ð ì"<$ ÐÌà  àThe€first€paragraph€of€the€Comment€to€Canon€4D€(5)€isÐ š$ê& Ðderived€from€the€first€two€sentences€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),Ð q%Á ' ÐCanon€4F€(1).€€The€second€paragraph€of€the€Comment€to€Canon€4DÐ H&˜!( Ð(5)€is€derived€from€the€second€paragraph€of€the€Commentary€to€theÐ 'o") Ðintroductory€language€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4D€(5),€withÐ ö'F#* Ðsubstitution€of€ð ðhousehold€memberðð€for€ð ðfamily€memberðð€toÐ Í($+ Ðcorrespond€with€use€of€the€newly€defined€term€ð ðmember€of€theÐ ¤)ô$, Ðjudgeððs€householdðð€and€deletion€of€ð ðfamilyðð€where€it€modified€theÐ {*Ë%- Ðdefined€term.€€The€third€and€fourth€paragraphs€of€the€Comment€toÐ R+¢&. ÐCanon€4D€(5)€are€derived€from€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),Ð ),y'/ ÐCanon€4D€(5)(a).€€The€fifth€paragraph€of€the€Comment€to€Canon€4DÐ -P(0 Ð(5)€is€derived€from€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4DÐ ×-')1 Ð(5)(d),€but€the€word€ð ðrecusalðð€is€substituted€for€ð ðdisqualifi„Ð ° Ðcation.ððÐ ‡× ÐÌà  àCanon€4E€(1)€and€(3)€is€derived€from€the€first€through€thirdÐ 5… Ðand€fifth€sentences€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4G,€but€theÐ  \ Ðlanguage€has€been€reworded€to€be€mandatory€rather€than€hortatory,Ð ã3 Ðand€the€newly€defined€terms€ð ðfiduciaryðð€and€ð ðmember€of€theÐ º  Ðjudgeððs€familyðð€are€substituted€for€the€references€to€ð ðpersonalÐ ‘ á Ðrepresentative€(executor€or€administrator)€or€specialÐ h ¸ Ðadministrator€of€the€estate€of€a€descendant,€...€trustee€of€aÐ ?   Ðtrust,€...€custodian,€...€guardian,€or€...€attorney€in€factðð€andÐ  f  Ðð ðspouse,€...€surviving€spouse€or€...€related€within€the€thirdÐ í =  Ðdegree€(according€to€the€civil€law€system),ðð€in€accordance€withÐ Ä  ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4E€(1)€and€(3).€€Accordingly,€the€fourthÐ ›ë  Ðsentence€of€Maryland€Code€(1987),€which€allowed€a€judge,€inÐ r  Ðð ðextraordinary€cases,ðð€to€serve€as€attorney„in„fact€or€guardianÐ I™  Ðfor€a€ð ðperson€with€whom€the€judge€maintains€a€close€familialÐ  p  Ðrelationship,ðð€is€omitted.€€Canon€4E€(2)€is€derived€from€ABA€CodeÐ ÷G Ð(2000),€Canon€4E€(2).€€The€Comment€to€Canon€4E€is€derived€fromÐ Î Ðthe€first€paragraph€of€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€CanonÐ ¥õ Ð4E.€€The€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4E€and€theÐ |Ì Ðcomparable€second€paragraph€of€the€ABA€Commentary,€as€toÐ S£ Ðpotential€conflicts,€are€omitted.ò òó óÐ *z ÐÌ€à  àCanon€4F€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4H,Ð Ø( Ðwith€the€addition€of€the€reference€to€unauthorized€performance€ofÐ ¯ÿ Ðð ðjudicial€functions€in€a€private€capacity,ðð€in€accordance€withÐ †Ö ÐABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4F.€€The€Comment€to€Canon€4F€is€derivedÐ ]­ Ðfrom€the€Comment€to€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4F€and€the€firstÐ 4„ Ðsentence€of€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4F.Ð  [ ÐÌà  àThe€first€sentence€of€Canon€4G€(1)€is€derived€from€MarylandÐ ¹  ÐCode€(1987),€Canon€4I€(1)(a)€and€the€first€sentence€of€ABA€CodeÐ à  Ð(2000),€Canon€4G.€€The€second€sentence€of€Canon€4G€(1)€is€derivedÐ g ·! Ðfrom€the€second€sentence€of€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4G.€€Canon€4GÐ >!Ž" Ð(2)€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4I€(1)(b).€Ð "e# ÐMaryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4I€(2)€through€(4),€which€providedÐ ì"<$ Ðfor€review€of€the€duration€of€an€agreement€in€connection€with€aÐ Ã#% Ðprior€law€practice,€is€omitted€as€too€narrow.€€The€Comment€toÐ š$ê& ÐCanon€4G€is€derived€from€the€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€CanonÐ q%Á ' Ð4G,€with€the€addition€of€the€reference€to€an€orphansðð€courtÐ H&˜!( Ðjudge.Ð 'o") ÐÌà  àCanon€4H€is€derived€from€the€first€sentence€of€Maryland€CodeÐ Í($+ Ð(1987),€Canon€4E,€with€the€addition€of€ð ðextra„judicial,ðð€theÐ ¤)ô$, Ðlimitation€on€the€source€of€compensation,€and€the€reference€to€aÐ {*Ë%- Ðjudgeððs€ð ðguest,ðð€in€accordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4H,Ð R+¢&. Ðand€with€addition€of€the€cautionary€ð ð[u]nless€otherwiseÐ ),y'/ Ðprohibited€by€law.ðð€€The€Comment€to€Canon€4H€is€substituted€forÐ -P(0 Ðthe€Commentary€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4H.€€Code,€StateÐ ×-')1 ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„102€(r)€governs€acceptance€of€anÐ ° Ðð ðhonorariumðð€in€Maryland,€as€delineated€in€the€referencedÐ ‡× ÐJudicial€Ethics€Opinion€No.€128€(issued€February€2,€2000),Ð ^® Ðð ðLimitations€on€Honoraria.ðð€€The€second€paragraph€of€the€CommentÐ 5… Ðis€similar€to€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4H€(2)€and€I.€€The€sentencesÐ  \ Ðof€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€4E€and€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€4HÐ ã3 Ðdeclaring€all€else€to€be€compensation€are€omitted.Ð º  ÐÌÌòòò òCanon€5ó óóó€Ð ?   ÐÌà  àCanon€5A,€B€(1)(a)€through€(c)€and€(f),€and€C€is€derivedÐ ù I  Ðfrom€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€5,€but€the€language€is€rewordedÐ Ð  Ðas€mandatory,€rather€than€hortatory,€reference€to€acting€ð ðin€aÐ §÷  Ðmanner€consistent€with€the€impartiality,€independence,€andÐ ~Î  Ðintegrity€of€the€judiciaryðð€is€added,€and€Canon€5B€(1)(d)€isÐ U¥  Ðsubstituted€for€the€1987€Maryland€provision€limiting€speech€to€aÐ ,|  Ðpledge€of€ð ðfaithful€and€impartial€performance€of€duties,ðð€inÐ S Ðaccordance€with€ABA€Code€(2000,€amended€2003),€Canon€5A€(1)(a)Ð Ú* Ðthrough€(c),€(2),€(3)(a)€in€part,€and€(c)€through€(e).€€In€theÐ ± ÐComment€to€Canon€5B€(1)(c),€reference€to€a€ð ðsample€ballotðð€isÐ ˆØ Ðsubstituted€for€the€reference€to€ð ðthe€same€ticket.ððÐ _¯ ÐÌà  àLanguage€barring€announcement€by€a€judge€as€to€views€onÐ  ] Ðcases,€controversies,€or€issues€likely€to€come€before€the€judgeÐ ä4 Ðhas€been€omitted€in€light€of€òòRepublican€Party€of€Minnesota€v.Ð »  ÐWhiteóó,€536€U.S.€765,€122€S.€Ct.€2528€(2002).€€Accordingly,€CanonÐ ”ä Ð5C€has€been€modified€to€include€the€status€of€lawyers€asÐ m½ Ðcandidates.Ð D” ÐÌà  àCanon€5D€is€derived€in€part€from€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€5EÐ òB Ðexcept€the€first€sentence.€The€provisions€of€Canon€5€that€areÐ É Ðapplicable€to€lawyers€who€are€candidates€for€judicial€office€areÐ  ð  Ðincluded€in€Rule€8.2€of€the€Maryland€[Lawyersðð]€Rules€ofÐ w Ç! ÐProfessional€Conduct.€€Under€Canon€5D,€the€status€of€theÐ N!ž" Ðcandidate€during€the€campaign€ð!ð€whether€the€candidate€is€a€judgeÐ %"u# Ðor€a€lawyer€who€is€not€a€judge€ð!ð€determines€whether€Canon€5€orÐ ü"L$ ÐRule€8.2€(b)€of€the€Maryland€[Lawyersðð]€Rules€of€ProfessionalÐ Ó##% ÐConduct€governs€the€behavior€of€the€candidate.€€The€status€of€theÐ ª$ú& Ðcandidate€when€disciplinary€proceedings€are€initiated€determinesÐ %Ñ ' Ðwhether€the€judicial€disciplinary€process€or€the€attorneyÐ X&¨!( Ðdisciplinary€process€is€used.Ð /'") ÐÌòòò òCanon€6óóó óÐ Ý(-$+ ÐÌà  àCanon€6A€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€6A,Ð —*ç%- Ðwith€the€Committee€note€omitted.Ð n+¾&. ÐÌà  àCanon€6B€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€6B,Ð -l(0 Ðwith€substitution€of€ð ðCanonsðð€for€ð ðany€of€the€provisions€of€thisÐ ó-C)1 ÐCode€of€Judicial€Conductðð€to€clarify€that€a€judge€can€be€chargedÐ ° Ðonly€with€violating€a€Canon€and€not€a€Comment€or€Committee€note.Ð ‡× ÐÌà  àCanon€6C€is€derived€from€Maryland€Code€(1987),€Canon€6C,€butÐ 5… Ðwith€Canon€4D€(4)€made€applicable€to€recalled€judges.Ð  \ ÐÌà  àCanon€6D€is€derived€from€ABA€Code€(2000),€Canon€6F.Ð º  ÐÌÌÌÐ   f  Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@Œ Œ ìàTITLE€16€„€COURTS,€JUDGES,€AND€ATTORNEYSˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@˜ ˜ ìàCHAPTER€800€„€MISCELLANEOUSˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àÌà  àADD€new€Rule€16„814,€as€follows:Ð h ¸ ÐÌÌRule€16„814.€€MARYLAND€CODE€OF€CONDUCT€FOR€JUDICIAL€APPOINTEESÐ í =  ÐÌÌà@  &ìàPreambleˆÐ r  ÐÌÓÓà  àThe€Court€of€Appeals€has€adopted€this€Code€of€Conduct€forÐ  p  Ðò òJudicial€Appointeesó ó€to€govern€the€conduct€of€all€ò òjudicialÐ Î Ðappointeesó ó.€€This€Code€is€generally€patterned€after€the€MarylandÐ ”ä ÐCode€of€Judicial€Conduct,€set€forth€in€Rule€16„813,€and€theÐ Zª ÐCommittee€notes,€following€many€of€the€provisions€of€that€Code,Ð X Ðexplain€those€provisions€and€may€be€of€assistance€in€theÐ ¶ Ðinterpretation€of€parallel€provisions€of€this€Code.Ð d´ Ðà  àThis€Code€sets€forth€minimum€standards€and€is€not€intendedÐ b Ðas€a€limitation€on€an€appointing€authorityððs€power€to€imposeÐ À  Ðadditional€requirements.Ð n!¾" ÐÓÓÌÐ  ó#C% Ðà@XX%ìàTerminologyˆÐ ° ÐÌÓÓà  àIn€this€Code€the€following€definitions€apply€except€asÐ ^® Ðexpressly€otherwise€provided€or€as€necessary€implicationÐ  \ Ðrequires:Ð º  Ѐ€(a)€€FiduciaryÐ h ¸ Ðà  à€€ð ðò òFiduciaryó óðð€includes€administrator,€attorney„in„fact€byÐ  f  Ðpower€of€attorney,€executor,€guardian,€personal€representative,Ð Ü,  Ðand€trustee.Ð ŠÚ  ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(1)(c)€and€(2)€and€4E.€€For€aÐ 8ˆ  Ðdefinition€of€ð ðguardian,ðð€see€Rule€1„202€(j).Ð _ ÐÌÓÓ€€(b)€€GiftÐ ½  Ðà  à€€ð ðò òGiftó óðð€has€the€meaning€stated€in€Code,€State€GovernmentÐ k» ÐArticle,€ðð15„102.Ð 1 ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canon€4D€(5).Ð ß/ ÐÌÓÓ€€(c)€€HonorariumÐ Ý Ðà  à€€ð ðò òHonorariumó óðð€has€the€meaning€stated€in€Code,€StateÐ ;‹ ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„102.Ð Q Ѐ€(d)€€Impartial,€Impartiality,€or€ImpartiallyÐ ¯ ÿ! Ðà  à€€ð ðò òImpartial,ó óðð€ð ðò òimpartiality,ððó ó€or€ð ðò òimpartiallyó óðð€denotesÐ ]"­# Ðabsence€of€bias€or€prejudice€in€favor€of,€or€against,€a€party€orÐ #$s% Ðclass€of€parties,€as€well€as€maintaining€an€open€mind€inÐ Ñ%!!' Ðconsidering€each€issue€that€is€or€may€come€before€the€judicialÐ 'Ï") Ðappointee.€Ð -)}$+ ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canons€2A;€3A,€B€(9)€and€D€(1);€4A€(1);€andÐ Û*+&- Ð5B€(1)(a)€and€(d).Ð ²+'. ÐÌÓÓ€€(e)€€Judicial€AppointeeÐ `-°(0 Ðà  à€€ð ðò òJudicial€appointeeó óðð€means:€(1)€an€auditor,€examiner,Ð ° Ðmaster,€or€referee€appointed€by€the€Court€of€Appeals,€the€CourtÐ vÆ Ðof€Special€Appeals,€a€circuit€court,€or€an€orphans'€court;€or€(2)Ð $t Ða€commissioner€appointed€by€a€District€Administrative€Judge€withÐ Ò " Ðthe€approval€of€the€Chief€Judge€of€the€District€Court€ofÐ € Ð ÐMaryland.Ð . ~  ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€For€the€definition€of€judicial€appointee€forÐ Ü,  Ðpurposes€of€filing€a€financial€disclosure€statement,€see€Rule€Ð ³  Ð16„816€a.Ð ŠÚ  ÐÌÓÓ€€(f)€€Knowingly,€Knowledge,€Known,€or€KnowsÐ 8ˆ  Ðà  à€€ò òð ðKnowingly,ðð€ð ðknowledge,ðð€ð ðknown,ððó ó€or€ò òð ðknowsððó ó€means€actualÐ æ6 Ðknowledge€of€the€fact€in€question.€€Actual€knowledge€may€beÐ ¬ü Ðinferred€from€circumstances.Ð Zª ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(1)(a),€(c),€and€(d)(i),€(ii),Ð X Ð(iii),€and€(iv)€and€F€(2)€and€(3)€and€5B€(1)(e).Ð ß/ ÐÌÓÓ€€(g)€€Member€of€Judicial€Appointeeððs€FamilyÐ Ý Ðà  à€€ð ðò òMember€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€familyó óðð€means€aÐ ;‹ Ðspouse,€child,€grandchild,€parent,€grandparent,€or€other€relativeÐ Q Ðor€individual€with€whom€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€maintains€a€closeÐ ¯ ÿ! Ðfamilial€relationship.Ð u"Å# ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(1)(c)€and€4G€(1).Ð #$s% Ѐ€(h)€€Member€of€Judicial€Appointeeððs€HouseholdÐ Ñ%!!' Ðà  à€€ð ðò òMember€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€householdó óðð€has€theÐ 'Ï") Ðmeaning€stated€in€Code,€State€Government€Article,€ðð15„102€forÐ E)•$+ Ðð ðmember€of€household.ððÐ ó*C&- ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canons€3D€(2)€and€4D€(5).Ð ¡,ñ'/ Ѐ€(i)€€Political€OrganizationÐ ° Ðà  à€€ð ðò òPolitical€organizationó óðð€means€a€political€party€or€otherÐ ^® Ðgroup,€the€principal€purpose€of€which€is€to€further€the€electionÐ $t Ðor€appointment€of€one€or€more€candidates€to€political€office.Ð Ò " ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canon€5B€(1)(b)€and€(c).Ð € Ð Ѐ€(j)€€RequireÐ . ~  Ðà  à€€ð ðò òRequire,ó óðð€in€the€context€that€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ Ü,  Ðð ðò òrequireó óðð€certain€conduct€of€others,€means€that€the€ò òjudicialÐ ¢ò  Ðappointeeó ó€is€to€take€reasonable€steps€to€direct€and€control€theÐ h¸  Ðconduct€of€those€persons.Ð .~ ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canon€3B€(3),€(5),€(8),€and€(10)€and€C€(2).Ð Ü, Ѐ€(k)€€Significant€Financial€InterestÐ ŠÚ Ѐ€€€(1)€ò òð ðSignificant€financial€interestððó ó€means€ownership€of:Ð 8ˆ Ðà  à€(A)€an€interest€as€the€result€of€which€the€owner€hasÐ þN Ðreceived€within€the€past€three€years,€is€currently€receiving,€orÐ ¬ü Ðin€the€future€is€entitled€to€receive,€more€than€$1,000€per€year;Ð Zª Ѐ€€€€€(B)€more€than€3%€of€a€business€entity;€orÐ  X  Ðà  à€(C)€a€security€of€any€kind€that€represents,€or€isÐ ¶!" Ðconvertible€into,€more€than€3%€of€a€business€entity.Ð d#´$ Ѐ€€€(2)€€In€applying€this€definition:Ð %b & Ѐ€€€€€(A)€ownership€of€an€interest€in€a€mutual€or€commonÐ À&"( Ðinvestment€fund€that€holds€a€security€is€not€ownership€of€theÐ n(¾#* Ðsecurity€unless:€Ð *l%, Ðà  à€€€(i)€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€participates€in€the€managementÐ Ê+'. Ðof€the€fund;€orÐ -à(0 Ѐà  à€€€(ii)€there€is€before€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€a€proceedingÐ ° Ðthat€could€substantially€affect€the€value€of€the€interest,€orÐ vÆ Ðsuch€proceeding€is€imminent;Ð $t Ѐ€€€€€(B)€ownership€of€a€government€security€is€not€a€ò òsignificantÐ Ò " Ðfinancial€interestó ó€in€the€issuer€unless€there€is€before€theÐ ˜ è Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€a€proceeding€that€could€substantially€affectÐ ^ ®  Ðthe€value€of€the€security,€or€such€proceeding€is€imminent;Ð $t  Ðà  à€(C)€neither€a€deposit€in€a€financial€institution€nor€aÐ Ò"  Ðproprietary€interest€such€as€or€similar€to€that€of€a€depositor€inÐ €Ð  Ða€mutual€savings€association,€member€in€a€credit€union,€or€policyÐ .~ Ðholder€in€a€mutual€insurance€company€is€a€ò òsignificant€financialÐ Ü, Ðinterestó ó€in€the€entity€unless€there€is€before€the€ò òjudicialÐ ¢ò Ðappointeeó ó€a€proceeding€that€could€substantially€affect€the€valueÐ h¸ Ðof€the€deposit€or€interest,€or€such€proceeding€is€imminent;€andÐ .~ Ðà  à€(D)€an€ownership€interest€in€a€security€held€by€aÐ Ü, Ðcharitable,€civic,€educational,€fraternal€or€sororal,€orÐ ŠÚ Ðreligious€organization€will€not€be€imputed€to€a€ò òjudicialÐ 8 ˆ  Ðappointeeó ó€merely€because€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€the€ò òjudicialÐ þ!N" Ðappointeeððsó ó€child,€parent,€or€spouse€is€an€adviser€to€or€directorÐ Ä#$ Ðor€officer€of,€or€otherwise€actively€participates€in,€theÐ Š%Ú & Ðorganization.Ð 8'ˆ"( ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canon€3D€(1)(c)€and€(d)(iii).Ð æ(6$* Ѐ€(l)€€Third€Degree€of€RelationshipÐ ”*ä%, Ðà  à€€ð ðò òThird€degree€of€relationshipó óðð€means€the€relationshipÐ B,’'. Ðbetween€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€and€the€following€individuals:€€aÐ .X)0 Ðgreat„grandparent,€grandparent,€parent,€uncle,€aunt,€brother,Ð ° Ðsister,€child,€grandchild,€great„grandchild,€nephew,€or€niece.Ð ^® ÐCross€reference:€€See€Canon€3D€(1)(d).Ð  \ ÐÌÐ  h ¸ Ðà@HH'ìàò òCANON€1ó óˆÐ ° Ðà@Ô Ô ìàòòIntegrity€and€IndependenceóóˆÐ vÆ Ðà  àAn€independent€and€honorable€judicial€system€isÐ (x Ðindispensable€to€justice€in€our€society.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ Ö & Ðshall€observe€high€standards€of€conduct€so€that€the€integrity€andÐ œ ì Ðindependence€of€the€judicial€system€will€be€preserved.€€TheÐ J š  Ðprovisions€of€this€Code€are€to€be€construed€and€applied€toÐ øH  Ðfurther€that€objective.Ð ¦ö  ÐÌÌÐ  ° Ðà@HH'ìàò òCANON€2ó óˆÐ ° Ðà@TT ìàòòAvoidance€of€Impropriety€and€the€Appearance€of€ImproprietyóóˆÐ vÆ ÐÌA.à  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€avoid€impropriety€and€theÐ Ö & Ðappearance€of€impropriety.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€respectÐ œ ì Ðand€comply€with€the€law€and€shall€act€at€all€times€in€a€mannerÐ b ²  Ðthat€promotes€public€confidence€in€the€ò òimpartialityó ó€and€integrityÐ `  Ðof€the€judicial€system.€Ð Ö&  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ [« ÐÌà  àPublic€confidence€in€the€judicial€system€is€eroded€byÐ  Y Ðirresponsible€or€improper€conduct€by€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó.€€AÐ à0 Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€expect€to€be€the€subject€of€constantÐ Ã Ðpublic€scrutiny.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€therefore€acceptÐ ¦ö Ðrestrictions€on€his€or€her€conduct€that€might€be€viewed€asÐ ‰Ù Ðburdensome€by€the€ordinary€citizen€and€should€do€so€freely€andÐ `° Ðwillingly.€€Examples€are€the€restrictions€on€a€ò òjudicialÐ 7‡ Ðappointeeððsó ó€speech€imposed€by€Canon€3B€(8)€and€(9)€that€areÐ j Ðindispensable€to€the€maintenance€of€the€ò òimpartialityó ó,Ð ýM Ðindependence,€and€integrity€of€the€judicial€system.Ð à0 ÐÌà  àThe€obligation€to€avoid€impropriety€and€the€appearance€ofÐ ŽÞ Ðimpropriety€applies€to€both€the€professional€and€personal€conductÐ eµ Ðof€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó.€€Because€it€is€not€practicable€to€listÐ < Œ  Ðall€prohibited€acts,€the€obligation€is€necessarily€cast€inÐ !o! Ðgeneral€terms€that€extend€to€conduct€by€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó€thatÐ ö!F" Ðis€harmful€although€not€specifically€mentioned€in€this€Code.Ð Ù")# ÐActual€improprieties€under€this€standard€include€violations€ofÐ °#$ Ðlaw,€other€specific€provisions€of€this€Code,€or€other€courtÐ ‡$×% Ðrules.€€The€test€for€appearance€of€impropriety€is€whether€theÐ ^%® & Ðconduct€would€create€in€reasonable€minds€a€perception€that€theÐ 5&…!' Ðò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€ability€to€carry€out€official€responsibili„Ð  '\"( Ðties€with€competence,€ò òimpartialityó ó,€and€integrity€is€impaired.€Ð ï'?#) ÐSee€also€the€Comment€to€Canon€2C.Ð Ò("$* ÐÌÌÓÓB.à  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€allow€official€conduct€to€beÐ W+§&- Ðimproperly€influenced€by€a€family,€political,€social,€or€otherÐ -m(/ Ðrelationship€or€by€an€employment€offer€or€opportunity.€€AÐ ° Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€lend€or€use€the€prestige€of€theÐ ^® Ðposition€to€advance€the€private€interests€of€the€ò òjudicialÐ $t Ðappointeeó ó€or€others;€nor€shall€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€convey€orÐ ê : Ðpermit€others€to€convey€the€impression€that€they€are€in€a€specialÐ °  Ðposition€to€influence€official€conduct.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ ^ ®  Ðshall€not€testify€voluntarily€as€a€character€witness.Ð $t  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ©ù  ÐÌà  àMaintaining€the€prestige€of€the€position€of€ò òjudicialÐ W§ Ðappointeeó ó€is€essential€to€a€system€of€government€in€which€theÐ :Š Ðjudicial€system€functions€independently€of€the€executive€andÐ m Ðlegislative€branches.€€Respect€for€the€position€of€ò òjudicialÐ ôD Ðappointeeó ó€facilitates€the€orderly€conduct€of€legitimate€judicialÐ ×' Ðfunctions.€ò òJudicial€appointeesó ó€should€distinguish€between€properÐ º  Ðand€improper€use€of€the€prestige€of€position€in€all€of€theirÐ í Ðactivities.€€For€example,€it€would€be€improper€for€a€ò òjudicialÐ tÄ Ðappointeeó ó€to€allude€to€his€or€her€position€to€gain€a€personalÐ W§ Ðadvantage,€such€as€deferential€treatment€when€stopped€by€a€policeÐ :Š Ðofficer€for€a€traffic€offense.€Similarly,€official€letterheadÐ a Ðmust€not€be€used€for€conducting€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€personalÐ è8 Ðbusiness.Ð Ë ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€also€must€avoid€lending€or€using€theÐ yÉ Ðprestige€of€the€position€for€the€advancement€of€the€privateÐ \ ¬  Ðinterests€of€others.€€For€example,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€notÐ 3!ƒ! Ðuse€the€position€to€gain€advantage€in€a€civil€suit€involving€aÐ "f" Ðò òmember€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€familyó ó.€€As€to€the€acceptanceÐ í"=# Ðof€awards,€see€Canon€4D€(5)(c)€and€the€accompanying€Comment.Ð Ð# $ ÐÌà  àAlthough€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€should€be€sensitive€toÐ ~%Î & Ðpossible€abuse€of€the€prestige€of€the€position,€the€ò òjudicialÐ a&±!' Ðappointeeó ó€may€serve€as€a€reference€or€provide€a€letter€ofÐ D'”"( Ðrecommendation€based€on€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€own€ò òknowledgeó óš.Ð '(w#) ÐÌà  àò òJudicial€appointeesó ó€may€participate€in€the€process€ofÐ á)1%+ Ðjudicial€selection€by€cooperating€with€appointing€authorities€andÐ Ä*&, Ðscreening€committees€seeking€names€for€consideration.Ð ›+ë&- ÐÌÐ  I-™(/ Ðà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€not€testify€voluntarily€as€aÐ ° Ðcharacter€witness€because€to€do€so€may€lend€the€prestige€of€the€Ð “ã Ðposition€in€support€of€the€party€for€whom€theò òó ó€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ jº Ðtestifies.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may,€however,€testify€whenÐ M Ðproperly€subpoenaed.Ð 0€ ÐÌÌÌÓÓC.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€hold€membership€in€anyÐ Œ Ü Ðorganization€that€practices€invidious€discrimination€on€the€basisÐ R ¢  Ðof€national€origin,€race,€religion,€or€sex.Ð P  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ …Õ  ÐÌà  àMembership€of€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€in€an€organization€thatÐ 3ƒ Ðpractices€invidious€discrimination€on€the€basis€of€nationalÐ f Ðorigin,€race,€religion,€or€sex€gives€rise€to€perceptions€that€theÐ í= Ðò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€ò òimpartialityó ó€is€impaired.€€It€is€thereforeÐ Ä Ðinappropriate€for€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€to€continue€to€holdÐ §÷ Ðmembership€in€an€organization€that€the€ò òjudicial€appointee€knowsó ó,Ð ŠÚ Ðor€reasonably€should€ò òknowó ó,€practices€and€will€continue€toÐ m½ Ðpractice€such€invidious€discrimination€so€as€to€give€rise€to€theÐ P  Ðperception€that€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€ò òimpartialityó ó€isÐ 'w Ðimpaired.€€Membership€in€an€organization€would€not€be€prohibitedÐ  Z Ðunless€that€membership€would€reasonably€give€rise€to€a€perceptionÐ á1 Ðof€partiality.€€Certain€organizations€ð!ð€such€as€congregationalÐ ¸ Ðbrotherhoods,€sisterhoods,€or€bowling€leagues€ð!ð€may€well€beÐ ß Ðrestricted€to€individuals€belonging€to€the€particularÐ f¶ Ðcongregation€and€therefore€to€those€sharing€a€particularÐ = Ðreligious€belief,€but€it€is€unlikely€that€membership€in€such€anÐ  d  Ðorganization€would€cause€people€reasonably€to€believe€that€theÐ ë ;! Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€partial.à  àà p àà È àà  àà x àà Ð àÐ Â!" Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àÌÌà  àWhether€an€organization€practices€and€will€continue€toÐ S$£% Ðpractice€that€kind€of€invidious€discrimination€is€often€a€complexÐ *%z & Ðquestion€to€which€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó€should€be€sensitive.€€TheÐ &Q!' Ðanswer€cannot€be€determined€merely€from€an€examination€of€anÐ ä&4"( Ðorganization's€current€membership€rolls€but€may€depend€on€(1)€theÐ »' #) Ðnature€and€purpose€of€the€organization,€(2)€any€restrictions€onÐ ’(â#* Ðmembership,€(3)€the€history€of€the€organization's€selection€ofÐ i)¹$+ Ðmembers,€and€(4)€other€relevant€factors€such€as€that€theÐ @*%, Ðorganization€is€dedicated€to€the€preservation€of€cultural,Ð +g&- Ðethnic,€or€religious€values€of€legitimate€common€interests€to€itsÐ î+>'. Ðmembers,€or€that€it€is,€in€fact€and€effect,€an€intimate,€purelyÐ Å,(/ Ðprivate€organization€whose€membership€limitations€could€not€beÐ œ-ì(0 Ðconstitutionally€prohibited.€€Absent€such€factors,€anÐ ° Ðorganization€is€generally€said€to€discriminate€invidiously€if€itÐ ‡× Ðarbitrarily€excludes€from€membership,€on€the€basis€of€nationalÐ ^® Ðorigin,€race,€religion,€or€sex,€individuals€who€otherwise€wouldÐ 5… Ðbe€admitted€to€membership.Ð  \ ÐÌà  àAlthough€Canon€2C€relates€only€to€membership€in€organi„Ð º  Ðzations€that€invidiously€discriminate€on€the€basis€of€nationalÐ ‘ á Ðorigin,€race,€religion,€or€sex,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€membershipÐ h ¸ Ðin€an€organization€that€engages€in€any€discriminatory€membershipÐ K ›  Ðpractices€prohibited€by€the€law€of€the€jurisdiction€also€violatesÐ " r  ÐCanon€2A€and€gives€the€appearance€of€impropriety.€In€addition,€itÐ ù I  Ðwould€be€a€violation€of€Canon€2€for€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€toÐ Ð  Ðarrange€a€meeting€at€a€club€that€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€ò òknowsó óÐ ³  Ðpractices€invidious€discrimination€on€the€basis€of€nationalÐ –æ  Ðorigin,€race,€religion,€or€sex,€in€its€membership€or€otherÐ m½  Ðpolicies,€or€for€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€to€use€such€clubÐ D”  Ðregularly.€€Moreover,€public€manifestation€by€a€ò òjudicialÐ 'w Ðappointeeó ó€of€his€or€her€ò òknowingó ó€approval€of€invidiousÐ  Z Ðdiscrimination€on€any€basis€gives€the€appearance€of€improprietyÐ í= Ðunder€Canon€2€and€diminishes€public€confidence€in€theÐ Ä Ðò òimpartialityó ó€and€integrity€of€the€judicial€system,€in€violationÐ ›ë Ðof€Canon€2A.Ð ~Î ÐÌà  àWhen€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€learns€that€an€organization€toÐ ,| Ðwhich€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€belongs€engages€in€invidiousÐ _ Ðdiscrimination€that€would€preclude€membership€under€Canon€2C€orÐ òB Ðunder€Canon€2A,€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€permitted,€in€lieu€ofÐ É Ðresigning,€to€make€immediate€efforts€to€have€the€organizationÐ ¬ü Ðdiscontinue€its€invidiously€discriminatory€practices,€but€isÐ ƒÓ Ðrequired€to€suspend€participation€in€all€other€activities€of€theÐ Zª Ðorganization.€€If€the€organization€fails€to€discontinue€itsÐ 1 Ðinvidiously€discriminatory€practices€as€promptly€as€possible€(andÐ  X  Ðin€all€events€within€two€years€of€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€firstÐ ß /! Ðlearning€of€the€practices),€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€required€toÐ Â!" Ðresign€immediately€from€the€organization.ò òÐ ¥"õ# ÐÐ  |#Ì$ Ðó óà@HH'ìàò òCANON€3ó óˆÐ ° ÐÌÌà@ä ä ìàòòPerformance€of€Official€DutiesóóˆÐ A‘ ÐÌÌÌ€€€€€In€the€performance€of€official€duties,€the€following€Ð Ÿ ï ÐÌstandards€apply.Ð M   ÐÌÌÌÓÓA.€€GENERAL€RESPONSIBILITIES.Ð ©ù  Ðà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€perform€the€duties€of€theÐ W§  Ðposition€diligently,€ò òimpartiallyó ó,€and€without€having€orÐ m Ðmanifesting€bias€or€prejudice,€including€bias€or€prejudice€basedÐ ã3 Ðon€age,€disability,€national€origin,€race,€religion,€sex,€sexualÐ ‘á Ðorientation,€or€socioeconomic€status.Ð ? ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ Ä ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€perform€his€or€her€duties€fairlyÐ r Ðand€ò òimpartiallyó ó.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€who€manifests€bias€of€anyÐ U¥ Ðkind€in€a€proceeding€impairs€the€fairness€of€the€proceeding€andÐ 8ˆ Ðbrings€the€judicial€system€into€disrepute.€€Facial€expression€andÐ _ Ðbody€language,€in€addition€to€oral€communication,€can€give€anÐ æ6  Ðappearance€of€bias.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€be€alert€to€avoidÐ ½ ! Ðbehavior€that€may€be€perceived€as€prejudicial.€€For€example,€aÐ  !ð" Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€refrain€from€comment,€gesture,€or€otherÐ w"Ç# Ðconduct€that€could€reasonably€be€perceived€as€sexual€harassment.Ð Z#ª$ ÐÌÌò òÓÓòòóóó óÌB.€€RESPONSIBILITIES€FOR€THE€CONDUCT€OF€PROCEEDINGS.Ð 'Ý") Ѐ€€€(1)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€be€faithful€to€the€law€andÐ ;)‹$+ Ðmaintain€professional€competence€in€it.Ð +Q&- Ѐ€€€(2)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€be€swayed€by€partisanÐ ¯,ÿ'/ Ðinterests,€public€clamor,€or€fear€of€criticism.Ð ° Ѐ€€€(3)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€ò òrequireó ó€order€and€decorum€inÐ ^® Ðproceedings€before€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó.Ð $t Ѐ€€€(4)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€be€dignified.Ð ê : Ѐ€€€(5)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€be€courteous€to€and€patientÐ °  Ðwith€lawyers,€litigants,€witnesses,€and€others€with€whom€theÐ v Æ  Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€deals€in€an€official€capacity€and€shallÐ $t  Ðò òrequireó ó€similar€conduct€of€lawyers€and€court€personnel€and€othersÐ ê:  Ðsubject€to€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€direction€and€control.Ð ° ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ M ÐÌà  àThe€duty€to€hear€all€proceedings€fairly€and€with€patience€isÐ ûK Ðnot€inconsistent€with€the€duty€to€dispose€promptly€of€theÐ Ò" Ðbusiness€of€the€court.€ò ò€Judicial€appointeesó ó€can€be€businesslikeÐ ©ù Ðand€efficient€while€being€deliberate€and€patient.Ð ŒÜ ÐÌÓÓà  à(6)€(a)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€accord€to€every€personÐ :Š Ðwho€has€a€legal€interest€in€a€proceeding€pending€before€theÐ P Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€or€that€person's€lawyer,€the€right€to€beÐ ®þ Ðheard€according€to€law.Ð t Ä  ÐØ! !Øà  à€(b)€While€presiding€over€a€proceeding,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ ""r" Ðshall€neither€initiate,€permit,€or€consider€òòex€parteóóÐ è#8$ Ðcommunications€nor€consider€other€communications€made€to€theÐ š%ê & Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€outside€the€presence€of€the€parties€concerningÐ H'˜"( Ða€pending€or€impending€proceeding,€except€as€otherwise€providedÐ )^$* Ðin€Canon€3B€(6).Ð ¼* &, Ðà  à€(c)€òòEx€parteóó€communications€that€relate€to€scheduling€orÐ j,º'. Ðother€administrative€purposes€or€emergencies€and€not€toÐ ° Ðsubstantive€matters€or€issues€on€the€merits€are€authorized,€if:Ð ^® Ð(i)€circumstances€require;€(ii)€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€reasonablyÐ  \ Ðbelieves€that€no€party€will€gain€a€procedural€or€tacticalÐ Ò " Ðadvantage€as€a€result€of€the€communication;€(iii)€the€ò òjudicialÐ € Ð Ðappointeeó ó€makes€provision€promptly€to€notify€all€other€parties€ofÐ F –  Ðthe€substance€of€the€òòex€parteóó€communication;€and€(iv)€theÐ  \  Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€affords€the€parties€reasonable€opportunity€toÐ ¾  Ðrespond.Ð „Ô  Ðà  à€(d)€With€the€consent€of€the€parties,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ 2‚ Ðmay€confer€separately€with€the€parties€and€their€lawyers€in€anÐ øH Ðeffort€to€mediate€or€settle€matters€pending€before€the€ò òjudicialÐ ¦ö Ðappointeeó ó.Ð l¼ Ðà  à€(e)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€obtain€the€advice€of€aÐ 2‚ Ðdisinterested€expert€on€the€law€applicable€to€a€proceeding€if€theÐ øH Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó:€(i)€makes€provision€promptly€to€notify€all€ofÐ ¦ö Ðthe€parties€as€to€the€expert€consulted€and€the€substance€of€theÐ l ¼  Ðadvice;€and€(ii)€affords€the€parties€reasonable€opportunity€toÐ "j" Ðrespond.Ð È#$ Ðà  à€(f)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€consult€with€court€personnelÐ v%Æ & Ðwhose€function€is€to€aid€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€in€carrying€outÐ <'Œ"( Ðresponsibilities€and€with€judges€and€other€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó.Ð )R$* Ðà  à€(g)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€initiate€or€consider€an€òòexÐ È*&, Ðparteóó€communication€when€expressly€authorized€by€law€to€do€so.Ð Ž,Þ'. ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àThe€prohibition€against€communications€concerning€aÐ ^® Ðproceeding€includes€communications€from€lawyers,€law€teachers,Ð 5… Ðand€other€persons€who€are€not€participants€in€the€proceeding,Ð  \ Ðexcept€to€the€limited€extent€permitted.€Ð ã3 ÐÌà  àTo€the€extent€practicable,€all€parties€or€their€lawyers€mustÐ ‘ á Ðbe€included€in€communications€with€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó.Ð h ¸ ÐÌà  àWhenever€Canon€3B€(6)€requires€the€presence€of,€or€noticeÐ " r  Ðto,€a€party,€it€is€the€partyððs€lawyer€or,€if€the€party€isÐ ù I  Ðunrepresented,€the€party€who€is€to€be€present€or€to€whom€noticeÐ Ð  Ðis€to€be€given.Ð §÷  ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(6)€allows€for€limited€òòex€parteóó€communication€toÐ U¥  Ðfacilitate€scheduling€and€other€administrative€purposes€and€toÐ .~  Ðaccommodate€emergencies.€€Even€then,€however,€a€ò òjudicialÐ U Ðappointeeó ó€must€discourage€òòex€parteóó€communication€and€allow€itÐ è8 Ðonly€if€all€of€the€criteria€stated€in€Canon€3B€(6)€clearly€areÐ Ë Ðmet.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€disclose€to€all€parties€all€òòexÐ ¢ò Ðparteóó€communication€described€in€Canon€3B€(6)(c)€and€(e)Ð …Õ Ðregarding€a€proceeding€pending€or€impending€before€the€ò òjudicialÐ ^® Ðappointeeó ó.Ð A‘ ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€not€independently€investigateÐ ûK Ðfacts€in€a€case€and€must€consider€only€the€evidence€presented,Ð Þ. Ðexcept€matters€of€which€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€properly€can€takeÐ µ Ðjudicial€notice.Ð ˜è ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€request€a€party€to€submit€proposedÐ F– Ðfindings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law€if€all€of€the€otherÐ )y Ðparties€are€apprised€of€the€request€and€given€an€opportunity€toÐ  P  Ðrespond€to€the€proposed€findings€and€conclusions.Ð × '! ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€make€reasonable€efforts,€includingÐ …"Õ# Ðthe€provision€of€appropriate€supervision,€to€ensure€that€Canon€3BÐ h#¸$ Ð(6)€is€not€violated€through€personnel€subject€to€the€ò òjudicialÐ ?$% Ðappointeeððsó ó€direction€and€control.Ð "%r & ÐÌÓÓ€€€€(7)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€dispose€of€official€businessÐ Ü&,"( Ðefficiently,€fairly,€and€promptly.Ð ¢(ò#* ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ P* %, ÐÌà  àPrompt€disposition€of€official€business€requires€a€ò òjudicialÐ þ+N'. Ðappointeeó ó€to€devote€adequate€time€to€official€duties,€to€beÐ á,1(/ Ðpunctual€in€attending€hearings€and€expeditious€in€determiningÐ Ä-)0 Ðmatters€under€submission,€and€to€insist€that€personnel€subject€toÐ ° Ðthe€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€direction€and€control€and€litigants€andÐ ‡× Ðtheir€lawyers€cooperate€to€that€end.Ð jº ÐÌÓÓ€€€€(8)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€abstain€from€public€commentÐ h Ðthat€relates€to€a€proceeding€pending€or€impending€in€any€courtÐ Þ . Ðand€that€might€reasonably€be€expected€to€affect€the€outcome€ofÐ Œ Ü Ðthat€proceeding€or€to€impair€the€fairness€of€that€proceeding€andÐ : Š  Ðshall€ò òrequireó ó€similar€abstention€on€the€part€of€personnel€subjectÐ è8  Ðto€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€direction€and€control.€€Canon€3B€(8)Ð ®þ  Ðdoes€not€prohibit€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€from€making€publicÐ tÄ  Ðstatements€in€the€course€of€official€duties€or€from€explainingÐ :Š Ðfor€public€information€the€procedures€of€a€court.Ð è8 ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ m½ ÐÌà  àð ðPersonnel€subject€to€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€direction€andÐ k Ðcontrolðð€does€not€include€the€lawyers€in€a€proceeding€before€aÐ þN Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó.€€The€conduct€of€lawyers€in€this€regard€isÐ Õ% Ðgoverned€by€Rule€3.6€of€the€Maryland€[Lawyersðð]€Rules€ofÐ ¸ ÐProfessional€Conduct.Ð ß ÐÌÌÓÓ€€€€(9)€With€respect€to€a€case,€controversy,€or€issue€that€isÐ  d  Ðlikely€to€come€before€the€court,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€notÐ Â!" Ðmake€a€commitment,€pledge,€or€promise€that€is€inconsistent€withÐ ˆ#Ø$ Ðthe€ò òimpartialó ó€performance€of€the€duties€of€the€appointedÐ 6%† & Ðposition.Ð ü&L"( ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ )Ñ$+ ÐÌà  àCanon€3B€(8)€and€(9)€restrictions€on€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó óÐ /+&- Ðspeech€are€essential€to€the€maintenance€of€the€ò òimpartialityó ó,Ð ,b'. Ðindependence,€and€integrity€of€the€judicial€system.€€A€pendingÐ õ,E(/ Ðproceeding€is€one€that€has€begun€but€not€yet€reached€finalÐ Ì-)0 Ðdisposition.€€An€impending€proceeding€is€one€that€is€anticipatedÐ ° Ðbut€not€yet€begun.€€The€requirement€that€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ ‡× Ðabstain€from€public€comment€regarding€a€pending€or€impendingÐ jº Ðproceeding€continues€during€any€trial€court€or€appellate€processÐ A‘ Ðand€until€final€disposition.Ð h ÐÌÌÓÓ€€€€(10)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€ò òrequireó ó€lawyers€inÐ  í Ðproceedings€before€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€to€refrain€fromÐ c ³  Ðmanifesting,€by€word€or€conduct,€bias€or€prejudice€based€on€age,Ð )y  Ðdisability,€national€origin,€race,€religion,€sex,€sexualÐ ×'  Ðorientation,€or€socioeconomic€status.€€Canon€3B€(10)€does€notÐ …Õ  Ðpreclude€legitimate€advocacy€when€such€status€or€other€similarÐ 3ƒ Ðfactor€is€an€issue€in€a€proceeding.Ð á1 Ðà  à(11)€Unless€recusal€is€appropriate,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ ß Ðshall€hear€and€determine€matters€assigned€to€the€ò òjudicialÐ U¥ Ðappointeeó ó.Ð k ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€As€to€court€records,€see€Title€16,€Chapter€1000Ð á1 Ðof€the€Maryland€Rules.€€As€to€prohibitions€against,€and€penaltiesÐ ¸ Ðfor,€improper€disclosure€or€use€of€information€by€governmentÐ ß Ðofficials€and€employees,€see€Code,€State€Government€Article,Ð f¶ Ððððð15„507€and€15„903.€€As€to€civil€and€criminal€provisionsÐ = Ðgoverning€improper€disclosure€of€information,€see,€e.g.,€Code,Ð  d  ÐState€Government€Article,€ðððð10„626€and€10„627€(public€records);Ð ë ;! ÐCode,€Tax„General€Article,€ðð13„1018€(tax€information).Ð Â!" ÐÌÌÌÓÓC.€€ADMINISTRATIVE€RESPONSIBILITIES.Ð %n & Ðà  à(1)à ` àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€discharge€his€or€herÐ Ì&"( Ðadministrative€responsibilities€without€favoritism€or€nepotismÐ ’(â#* Ðand€shall€cooperate€with€judges,€other€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó,€andÐ @*%, Ðcourt€officials€in€the€administration€of€court€business.Ð ,V'. Ðà  à(2)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€ò òrequireó ó€court€personnel€andÐ ´-)0 Ðothers€subject€to€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€direction€and€controlÐ ° Ðto€observe€the€standards€of€diligence€and€fidelity€that€apply€toÐ vÆ Ðthe€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€and€to€refrain€from€manifesting€bias€orÐ $t Ðprejudice€in€the€performance€of€their€official€duties.ò òÐ ê : Ðó ó€€€€€(3)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€make€unnecessaryÐ ˜ è Ðappointments€and€shall€not€approve€compensation€of€appointeesÐ ^ ®  Ðbeyond€the€fair€value€of€services€rendered.Ð  \  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ‘á  ÐÌà  àConsent€by€the€parties€to€an€appointment€or€an€award€ofÐ ? Ðcompensation€does€not€relieve€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€of€theÐ f Ðobligation€prescribed€by€Canon€3C€(3).Ð ùI ÐÌÌÌD.€€RECUSAL.Ð U¥ ÐÌÓÓ€€€€(1)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€recuse€himself€or€herself€fromÐ S Ða€proceeding€in€which€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€ò òimpartialityó ó€mightÐ É Ðreasonably€be€questioned,€including€an€instance€when:Ð ß Ѐ€€€€€(a)€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€has€a€personal€bias€or€prejudiceÐ = Ðconcerning€a€party€or€a€partyððs€lawyer€or€extra„officialÐ !S! Ðò òknowledgeó ó€of€a€disputed€evidentiary€fact€concerning€theÐ ±"# Ðproceeding;Ð w$Ç% Ðà  à€(b)€(i)€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€served€as€a€lawyer€in€theÐ %&u!' Ðmatter€in€controversy,€or€a€lawyer€with€whom€the€ò òjudicialÐ ë';#) Ðappointeeó ó€previously€practiced€law€served€during€such€associationÐ ±)%+ Ðas€a€lawyer€concerning€the€matter,€or€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€hasÐ w+Ç&- Ðbeen€a€material€witness€concerning€it;Ð =-(/ ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àA€lawyer€in€a€governmental€agency€does€not€necessarily€haveÐ ^® Ðan€association€with€other€lawyers€employed€by€that€agency€withinÐ 5… Ðthe€meaning€of€Canon€3D€(1)(b);€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€formerlyÐ  \ Ðemployed€by€a€governmental€agency,€however,€should€notÐ ï? Ðparticipate€in€a€proceeding€if€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó óÐ Æ  Ðò òimpartialityó ó€might€reasonably€be€questioned€because€of€suchÐ © ù Ðassociation.Ð Œ Ü ÐÌÓÓà  à€€€(ii)€if€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€part„time,€the€ò òjudicialÐ : Š  Ðappointeeó ó€or€any€attorney€with€whom€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€isÐ P  Ðassociated,€represents€a€party€or€otherwise€has€an€interest€inÐ Æ  Ðthe€proceeding;Ð tÄ  Ðà  à€(c)€the€ò òjudicial€appointee€knowsó ó€that€he€or€she,Ð "r Ðindividually€or€as€a€ò òfiduciaryó ó,€or€ò òa€member€of€the€judicialÐ è8 Ðappointeeððs€familyó ó,€has€aò ò€significant€financial€interestó ó€in€theÐ ®þ Ðsubject€matter€in€controversy€or€in€a€party€to€the€proceeding;Ð tÄ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ùI ÐÌà  àThere€may€be€situations€that€involve€a€lesser€financialÐ §÷ Ðinterest€but€nonetheless€require€recusal€because€of€the€ò òjudicialÐ ~Î Ðappointeeððsó ó€own€sense€of€propriety.€Ð a± ÐÌÓÓ€€€€(d)€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€spouse,Ð !k! Ðan€individual€within€the€ò òthird€degree€of€relationshipó ó€to€eitherÐ á"1# Ðof€them,€or€the€spouse€of€such€an€individual:Ð §$÷% Ðà  à€€€(i)€is€ò òknownó ó€to€be€a€party€to€the€proceeding€or€aÐ U&¥!' Ðdirector,€officer,€or€trustee€of€a€party;Ð (k#) Ðà  à€€€(ii)€is€ò òknownó ó€to€be€acting€as€a€lawyer€in€the€proceeding;Ð É)%+ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ f,¶'. ÐÌà  àThe€fact€that€a€lawyer€in€a€proceeding€is€affiliated€with€aÐ .d)0 Ðlaw€firm€with€which€a€lawyer„relative€of€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ ° Ðis€affiliated€does€not€of€itself€require€recusal€of€the€ò òjudicialÐ “ã Ðappointeeó ó.€€Under€appropriate€circumstances,€the€fact€that€"theÐ vÆ Ðò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€ò òimpartialityó ó€might€reasonably€be€questioned"Ð Y© Ðunder€Canon€3D€(1),€or€that€the€lawyer„relative€is€ò òknownó ó€by€theÐ <Œ Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€to€have€an€interest€in€the€law€firm€that€couldÐ  o Ðbe€"substantially€affected€by€the€proceeding"€under€Canon€3DÐ  R Ð(1)(d)(iii),€may€require€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€recusal.Ð Ù ) ÐÌÌÓÓà  à€€€(iii)€is€ò òknownó ó€by€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€to€have€aÐ j º  Ðò òsignificant€financial€interestó ó€that€could€be€substantiallyÐ 0€  Ðaffected€by€the€proceeding;€orÐ öF  Ðà  à€€€(iv)€is€to€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððs€knowledgeó ó€likely€toÐ ¤ô  Ðbe€a€material€witness€in€the€proceeding;€orÐ jº Ðà  à(e)€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€while€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€aÐ h Ðcandidate€for€judicial€office,€has€made€a€public€statement€thatÐ Þ. Ðcommits,€or€appears€to€commit,€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€withÐ ŒÜ Ðrespect€to:Ð R¢ Ѐ€€€€€€€€(i)€an€issue€in€the€proceeding;€orÐ P Ðà  à€€€€(ii)€the€controversy€in€the€proceeding.Ð ®þ Ðà  à(2)à ` àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€keep€informed€about€his€orÐ \ ¬  Ðher€personal€and€ò òfiduciaryó ó€financial€interests€and€shall€make€aÐ ""r" Ðreasonable€effort€to€keep€informed€about€the€personal€financialÐ è#8$ Ðinterests€of€each€ò òmember€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€householdó ó.Ð –%æ & ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ 3(ƒ#) ÐÌà  àUnder€Canon€3D€(1),€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€recuse€himselfÐ á)1%+ Ðor€herself€whenever€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€ò òimpartialityó ó€mightÐ Ä*&, Ðreasonably€be€questioned,€regardless€of€whether€any€of€theÐ §+÷&- Ðspecific€instances€in€Canon€3D€(1)€apply.Ð ~,Î'. ÐÐ U-¥(/ Їà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€disclose€on€the€record€informationÐ ° Ðthat€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€believes€the€parties€or€their€lawyersÐ “ã Ðmight€consider€relevant€to€the€question€of€recusal,€even€if€theÐ vÆ Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€believes€that€there€is€no€real€basis€forÐ M Ðrecusal.Ð 0€ ÐÌà  àBy€decisional€law,€the€rule€of€necessity€may€override€theÐ Þ . Ðrule€of€recusal.€€As€to€a€judge,€for€example,€the€judge€might€beÐ µ  Ðthe€only€judge€available€in€a€matter€requiring€immediate€judicialÐ Œ Ü Ðaction,€such€as€a€hearing€on€probable€cause€or€a€temporaryÐ c ³  Ðrestraining€order.€€When€the€rule€of€necessity€does€override€theÐ : Š  Ðrule€of€recusal,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€disclose€on€the€recordÐ a  Ðthe€basis€for€possible€recusal€and,€if€practicable,€useÐ ôD  Ðreasonable€efforts€to€transfer€the€matter€promptly€to€anotherÐ Ë  Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€judge.Ð ¢ò  ÐÌÓÓÌE.€€NON„RECUSAL€BY€AGREEMENT.Ð  Z Ðà  àIf€recusal€would€be€required€by€Canon€3D,€the€ò òjudicialÐ ¸ Ðappointeeó ó€may€disclose€on€the€record€the€reason€for€the€recusal.€Ð ~Î ÐIf€after€disclosure€of€any€reason€for€recusal€other€than€asÐ D” Ðrequired€by€Canon€3D€(a)(1),€the€parties€and€lawyers,€out€of€theÐ òB Ðpresence€of€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€all€agree€that€the€ò òjudicialÐ  ð Ðappointeeó ó€need€not€recuse€himself€or€herself,€and€the€ò òjudicialÐ f¶ Ðappointeeó ó€is€willing€to€participate,€the€agreement€of€the€partiesÐ , |  Ðshall€be€incorporated€in€the€record,€and€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ ò!B" Ðmay€participate€in€the€proceeding.Ð ¸#$ ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ =&!' ÐÌà  àThis€procedure€gives€the€parties€an€opportunity€to€waive€theÐ ë';#) Ðrecusal€if€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€agrees.€€The€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ Â($* Ðmay€comment€on€possible€waiver€but€must€ensure€that€considerationÐ ¥)õ$+ Ðof€the€question€of€waiver€is€made€independently€of€the€ò òjudicialÐ |*Ì%, Ðappointeeó ó.€€A€party€may€act€through€counsel€if€counsel€representsÐ _+¯&- Ðon€the€record€that€the€party€has€been€consulted€and€consents.€€AsÐ B,’'. Ða€practical€matter,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€wish€to€have€allÐ -i(/ Ðparties€and€their€lawyers€sign€a€waiver€agreement.Ð ü-L)0 ЇÓÓF.€€DISCIPLINARY€RESPONSIBILITIES.Ð ° Ѐ€€€(1)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€should€take€or€initiate€appropriateÐ ^® Ðcorrective€measures€with€respect€to€the€unprofessional€conduct€ofÐ $t Ða€judge,€another€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€or€a€lawyer.Ð Ò " Ðà  à(2)€If€other€corrective€measures€are€not€appropriate€or,€ifÐ ˜ è Ðattempted,€were€not€successful,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€informÐ F –  Ðthe€Commission€on€Judicial€Disabilities€of€facts€ò òknownó ó€to€thatÐ  \  Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€that€raise€a€substantial€question€as€to€aÐ Ò"  Ðjudgeððs€fitness€for€office.Ð ˜è  Ðà  à(3)€If€other€corrective€measures€are€not€appropriate€or,€ifÐ F– Ðattempted,€were€not€successful,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€informÐ ôD Ðthe€Attorney€Grievance€Commission€of€facts€ò òknownó ó€to€the€ò òjudicialÐ º  Ðappointeeó ó€that€raise€a€substantial€question€as€to€a€lawyerððsÐ €Ð Ðhonesty,€trustworthiness,€or€fitness€as€a€lawyer€in€otherÐ F– Ðrespects.Ð ôD Ðà  à(4)€Acts€of€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€required€or€permitted€byÐ ¢ò ÐCanon€3F€(1),€(2),€or€(3)€shall€be€absolutely€privileged.Ð h ¸  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ í"=# ÐÌà  àPermitting€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€to€take€"corrective"Ð ›$ë% Ðmeasures€gives€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€a€wide€range€of€options€toÐ ~%Î & Ðdeal€with€unprofessional€conduct.š€€Appropriate€correctiveÐ a&±!' Ðmeasures€may€include€direct€communication€with€the€judge,Ð 8'ˆ"( Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€or€lawyer€who€is€believed€to€have€committedÐ (_#) Ðthe€violation€or€other€direct€action€if€available.€€There€may€beÐ ò(B$* Ðinstances€of€professional€misconduct€that€would€warrant€a€privateÐ É)%+ Ðadmonition€or€referral€to€a€bar€association€counseling€service.Ð  *ð%, ÐÌÐ  N,ž'. Ðà@HH'ìàò òCANON€4ó óˆÐ ° ÐÌà@ìàòòExtra„Official€ActivitiesóóˆÐ jº ÐÌÌÌÓÓA.€€EXTRA„OFFICIAL€ACTIVITIES€IN€GENERAL.Ð È  Ðà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€conduct€all€extra„officialÐ v Æ Ðactivities€so€that€they€do€not:Ð < Œ  Ðà  à(1)€cause€a€substantial€question€as€to€the€ò òjudicialÐ ê:  Ðappointeeððsó ó€capacity€to€act€ò òimpartiallyó ó€as€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó;Ð °  Ðà  à(2)€demean€the€position;€orÐ vÆ  Ðà  à(3)€interfere€with€the€proper€performance€of€officialÐ $t Ðduties.Ð Ò" ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ €Ð ÐÌà  àComplete€separation€of€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€from€extra„Ð .~ Ðofficial€activities€is€neither€possible€nor€desirable.€€AÐ a Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€should€not€become€isolated€from€the€ò òjudicialÐ è8 Ðappointeeððsó ó€community.Ð Ë ÐÌà  àAn€extra„official€activity,€however,€may€be€perceived€toÐ …Õ Ðreflect€on€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€behavior.€€For€example,€anÐ \¬ Ðexpression€of€bias€or€prejudice€by€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€evenÐ ? Ðoutside€his€or€her€official€activities,€may€cause€a€substantialÐ " r  Ðquestion€as€to€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€capacity€to€actÐ ù I! Ðò òimpartiallyó ó€as€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó.€€Expressions€that€may€do€soÐ Ü!," Ðinclude€jokes€or€other€remarks€demeaning€individuals€on€the€basisÐ ¿"# Ðof€their€age,€disability,€national€origin,€race,€religion,€sex,Ð –#æ$ Ðsexual€orientation,€or€socioeconomic€status.€€See€Canon€2C€andÐ m$½% Ðthe€accompanying€Comment.Ð D%” & ÐÌÌÌB.€€AVOCATIONAL€ACTIVITIES.Ð  (ð#* ÐÌÓÓà  àSubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code,€a€ò òjudicialÐ N*ž%, Ðappointeeó ó€may€lecture,€speak,€ò òó óteach,€write,€and€otherwiseÐ ,d'. Ðparticipate€in€other€extra„official€activities.€ò òó óÐ Ú-*)0 ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€in€a€unique€position€to€contributeÐ ^® Ðto€the€administration€of€justice,€the€legal€system,€andÐ A‘ Ðimprovement€of€the€law,€including€revision€of€substantive€andÐ h Ðprocedural€law€and€improvement€of€criminal€and€juvenile€justice.€Ð ï? ÐAs€time€may€permit,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€encouraged€to€do€so,Ð Æ  Ðeither€independently€or€through€a€bar€association€or€otherÐ © ù Ðorganization€dedicated€to€the€improvement€of€the€law.Ð € Ð ÐÌà  àThe€phrase€ð ðsubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Codeðð€isÐ . ~  Ðused,€in€this€and€other€sections€of€Canon€4,€primarily€inÐ U  Ðconnection€with€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€charitable,€civic,€orÐ Ü,  Ðgovernmental€activities,€to€remind€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó€that€useÐ ¿  Ðof€permissive€language€in€various€sections€of€this€Code€does€notÐ ¢ò  Ðrelieve€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€from€the€other€provisions€of€thisÐ yÉ  ÐCode€that€apply€to€the€specific€conduct.Ð \¬  ÐÌÌÌÓÓC.€€CHARITABLE,€CIVIC,€AND€GOVERNMENTAL€ACTIVITIES.Ð ¸ Ðà  à(1)€Except€when€acting€in€a€matter€that€involves€theÐ f¶ Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€interests,€whenÐ d Ðacting€as€to€a€matter€that€concerns€the€administration€ofÐ Ú* Ðjustice,€the€legal€system,€or€improvement€of€the€law,€or€whenÐ ˆØ Ðacting€as€otherwise€allowed€under€Canon€4,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ 6† Ðshall€not€appear€at€a€public€hearing€before,€or€otherwise€consultÐ üL  Ðwith,€an€executive€or€legislative€body€or€official.Ð ª!ú" ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ /$% ÐÌà  àAs€suggested€in€the€òòReporter's€Notes€to€the€ABA€Model€CodeÐ Ý%-!' Ðof€Judicial€Conductóó€(1990),€the€ð ðadministration€of€justice"€isÐ ¶&"( Ðnot€limited€to€ð ðmatters€of€judicial€administration"€but€is€broadÐ 'ß") Ðenough€to€include€other€matters€relating€to€a€judicial€system.Ð f(¶#* ÐÌÌÓÓà  à(2)€Except€as€otherwise€provided€by€law€and€subject€to€CanonÐ ë*;&- Ð4A,€a€judicial€appointee€may€accept€appointment€to€a€governmentalÐ ™,é'/ Ðadvisory€commission,€committee,€or€position.Ð ° ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ 5… ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€not€accept€a€governmentalÐ ã3 Ðappointment€that€could€interfere€with€the€effectiveness€andÐ Æ  Ðindependence€of€the€judicial€system,€assume€or€discharge€anÐ  í Ðexecutive€or€legislative€power€(Maryland€Declaration€of€Rights,Ð t Ä ÐArticle€8),€or€hold€an€"office"€under€the€constitution€or€otherÐ K ›  Ðlaws€of€the€United€States€or€State€of€Maryland€(MarylandÐ " r  ÐDeclaration€of€Rights,€Articles€33€and€35).Ð ù I  ÐÌÌÓÓà  à(3)€€A€judicial€appointee€may€represent€this€country,€aÐ ~Î  Ðstate,€or€a€locality€on€ceremonial€occasions€or€in€connectionÐ ,|  Ðwith€cultural,€educational,€or€historical€activities.Ð Ú* Ðà  à(4)€(a)€Subject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code,€a€ò òjudicialÐ ˆØ Ðappointeeó ó€may€be€a€director,€member,€non-legal€adviser,€officer,Ð Nž Ðor€trustee€of€a€charitable,€civic,€educational,€fraternal€orÐ d Ðsororal,€law-related,€or€religious€organization.Ð Â ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ G— ÐÌà  àSee€the€Comment€to€Canon€4B€regarding€use€of€the€phraseÐ õE Ðð ðsubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code.ðð€€As€an€example€of€theÐ Ì  Ðmeaning€of€the€phrase,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€permitted€under€CanonÐ £ ó! Ð4C€(4)€to€serve€on€the€board€of€an€organization€may€be€prohibitedÐ †!Ö" Ðfrom€such€service€by,€for€example,€Canon€2C€or€4A,€if€theÐ ]"­# Ðorganization€practices€invidious€discrimination€or€if€service€onÐ 4#„$ Ðthe€board€otherwise€causes€a€substantial€question€as€to€theÐ  $[% Ðò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€capacity€to€act€ò òimpartiallyó ó€as€a€ò òjudicialÐ â$2 & Ðappointeeó ó€or€as€to€service€as€an€adviser.Ð Å%!' ÐÌÓÓà  à€€€(b)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€be€a€director,Ð 'Ï") Ðadviser,€officer,€or€trustee€of€an€organization€that€is€conductedÐ E)•$+ Ðfor€the€economic€or€political€advantage€of€its€membersò òó ó.Ð ó*C&- Ðà  à€€€(c)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€be€a€director,Ð ¡,ñ'/ Ðadviser,€officer,€or€trustee€of€an€organization€if€it€is€likelyÐ ° Ðthat€the€organization:Ð ^® Ðà  àà ` à€€(i)€will€be€engaged€regularly€in€adversaryÐ  \ Ðproceedings€in€any€court;€orÐ º  Ðà  àà ` à€€(ii)€deals€with€people€who€are€referred€to€theÐ h ¸ Ðorganization€by€any€court.Ð  f  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ›ë  ÐÌà  àThe€changing€nature€of€some€organizations€and€of€theirÐ I™  Ðrelationship€to€the€law€makes€it€necessary€for€a€ò òjudicialÐ  p  Ðappointeeó ó€regularly€to€reexamine€the€activities€of€eachÐ S Ðorganization€with€which€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€affiliated€toÐ æ6 Ðdetermine€whether€it€is€proper€to€continue€a€relationship€withÐ É Ðit.€€For€example,€in€many€jurisdictions,€charitable€organizationsÐ  ð Ðare€more€frequently€in€court€now€than€in€the€past€or€make€policyÐ wÇ Ðdecisions€that€may€have€political€significance€or€implyÐ Nž Ðcommitment€to€causes€that€may€come€before€the€courts€forÐ %u Ðadjudication.Ð üL ÐÌÓÓà  à(d)€(i)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€participateÐ ªú Ðpersonally€in:Ð pÀ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(A)€solicitation€of€funds€or€other€fund„raisingÐ n Ðactivities,€except€that€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€solicit€fundsÐ Ì  Ðfrom€other€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó€over€whom€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó óÐ ’!â" Ðdoes€not€exercise€supervisory€authority;€orÐ X#¨$ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à(B)€a€membership€solicitation€that€reasonablyÐ %V & Ðmight€be€perceived€as€coercive€or,€except€as€permitted€in€CanonÐ ´&"( Ð4C€(4)(d)(i)(A),€is€essentially€a€fund„raising€mechanism.Ð b(²#* Ðà  àà ` à€€(ii)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€participate€as€aÐ *`%, Ðguest€of€honor€or€speaker€at€a€fund„raising€event.Ð Ö+&'. Ðà  àà ` à€€(iii)€€Except€as€otherwise€allowed€by€Canon€4CÐ „-Ô(0 Ð(4)(d),€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€use€or€lend€the€prestigeÐ ° Ðof€his€or€her€position€for€fund„raising€or€membershipÐ vÆ Ðsolicitation.Ð $t Ðà  àà ` à€€(iv)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may:Ð Ò " Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à€(A)€assist€an€organization€in€planning€fund„Ð ˜ è Ðraising;Ð F –  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à€(B)€participate€in€the€investment€and€managementÐ ôD  Ðof€an€organizationððs€funds;€andÐ ¢ò  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ à€(C)€make€recommendations€to€private€and€publicÐ P   Ðfund„granting€organizations€on€programs€and€projects€concerningÐ þN Ðthe€administration€of€justice,€the€legal€system,€or€improvementÐ ¬ü Ðof€the€law.€Ð Zª ÐÌÌD.€€FINANCIAL€ACTIVITIES.Ð d´ Ðà  à(1)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€engage€in€business€orÐ b Ðfinancial€dealings€that:Ð Ø(  Ðà  à€€(a)€reasonably€would€be€perceived€to€violate€Canon€2B;€orÐ †!Ö" Ðà  à€€(b)€involve€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€in€frequentÐ 4#„$ Ðtransactions€or€continuing€business€relationships€with€lawyers€orÐ ú$J & Ðother€persons€likely€to€come€before€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€theÐ ¨&ø!( Ðappointing€court€in€matters€relating€to€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó óÐ n(¾#* Ðduties€and€authority.Ð 4*„%, ÐÓÓÌÐ  ¹, (/ Ðà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àCanon€4D€(1)(b)€is€necessary€to€avoid€creating€an€appearanceÐ ^® Ðof€exploitation€of€position€or€favoritism€and€to€minimize€theÐ 5… Ðpotential€for€recusal.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€also€shouldÐ  \ Ðdiscourage€ò òmembers€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€familyó ó€fromÐ ï? Ðengaging€in€dealings€that€reasonably€would€appear€to€exploit€theÐ Ò " Ðò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€position.€€With€respect€to€affiliation€ofÐ © ù Ðrelatives€of€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€with€law€firms€appearingÐ Œ Ü Ðbefore€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó,€see€the€Comment€to€Canon€3D€(1)(d)Ð o ¿  Ðrelating€to€recusal.Ð R ¢  ÐÌà  àParticipation€by€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€in€business€andÐ P  Ðfinancial€dealings€is€subject€to€the€general€prohibitions€inÐ ã3  ÐCanon€4A€against€activities€that€cause€a€substantial€question€asÐ º  Ðto€ò òimpartialityó ó,€demean€the€position,€or€interfere€with€theÐ ‘á  Ðproper€performance€of€official€duties.€€Such€participation€alsoÐ tÄ  Ðis€subject€to€the€general€prohibition€in€Canon€2€againstÐ K› Ðactivities€involving€impropriety€or€the€appearance€of€improprietyÐ "r Ðand€the€prohibition€in€Canon€2B€against€misuse€of€the€prestige€ofÐ ùI Ðthe€position.€€In€addition,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€maintainÐ Ð  Ðhigh€standards€of€conduct€in€all€of€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó óÐ ³ Ðactivities,€as€set€forth€in€Canon€1.€€See€the€Comment€to€Canon€4BÐ –æ Ðregarding€use€of€the€phrase€ð ðsubject€to€other€provisions€of€thisÐ m½ ÐCode.ðð€Ð D” ÐÌà  àCanon€4D€is€not€intended€to€apply€to€the€practice€of€law€ofÐ òB Ðpart-time€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó,€which€is€covered€by€Canon€4G€(2).Ð É ÐÌÌÓÓà  àà ` à(2)à ¸ àSubject€to€other€provisions€of€this€Code,€aÐ Zª Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€hold€and€manage€investments,€includingò òÐ  X  Ðó óreal€estate,€and€engage€in€other€remunerative€activity€exceptÐ Î!" Ðthat€a€full-time€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€hold€directorshipÐ |#Ì$ Ðor€office€in€a€bank,€insurance€company,€lending€institution,Ð B%’ & Ðpublic€utility,€savings€and€loan€association,€or€other€business,Ð ð&@"( Ðenterprise,€or€venture€that€is€affected€with€a€public€interest.€Ð ž(î#* Ðà  àà ` à(3)à ¸ àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€manage€investments€andÐ L*œ%, Ðother€financial€interests€to€minimize€the€number€of€cases€inÐ ,b'. Ðwhich€recusal€would€be€required.€€As€soon€as€practicable€withoutÐ À-)0 Ðserious€financial€detriment,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€disposeÐ ° Ðof€those€financial€interests€that€might€require€frequent€recusal.€Ð vÆ Ðà  àà ` à(4)à ¸ àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€neither€use€norÐ $t Ðdisclose,€in€financial€dealings€or€for€any€other€purpose€notÐ ê : Ðrelated€to€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€official€duties,€informationÐ ˜ è Ðthat€is€acquired€in€his€or€her€official€capacity€and€that€isÐ ^ ®  Ðconfidential,€privileged,€or€otherwise€not€part€of€the€publicÐ  \  Ðrecord.Ð º  ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€As€to€court€records,€see€Title€16,€Chapter€1000Ð h¸  Ðof€the€Maryland€Rules.€€As€to€prohibitions€against,€and€penaltiesÐ ? Ðfor,€improper€disclosure€or€use€of€information€by€governmentÐ f Ðofficials€and€employees,€see€Code,€State€Government€‚Article,Ð í= Ððððð15„507€and€15„903.€€As€to€civil€and€criminal€provisionsÐ Ä Ðgoverning€improper€disclosure€of€information,€see,€e.g.,€Code,Ð ›ë ÐState€Government€Article,€ðððð10„626€and€10„627€(public€records)Ð r Ðand€Code,€Tax„General€Article,€ðð13„1018€(tax€information).Ð I™ ÐÌÓÓà  àà ` à(5)à ¸ àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€accept,€and€shallÐ ÷G Ðurge€ò òmembers€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€householdó ó€not€to€accept,Ð ½  Ða€bequest,€favor,€ò ògiftó ó,€or€loan€from€anyone€except€for:Ð ƒÓ Ðà  àà ` à(a)€a€book,€tape,€or€other€resource€material€suppliedÐ I™ Ðby€a€publisher€on€a€complimentary€basis€for€official€use,€a€ò ògiftÐ ÷ G! Ðó óincident€to€a€public€testimonial,€or€an€invitation€to€a€ò òjudicialÐ ½" # Ðappointeeó ó€and€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€spouse€or€guest€to€attendÐ ƒ$Ó% Ða€bar„related€function€or€an€activity€devoted€to€theÐ I&™!' Ðadministration€of€justice,€the€legal€system,€or€improvement€ofÐ ÷'G#) Ðthe€law;Ð ¥)õ$+ Ðà  àà ` à(b)€an€award,€benefit,€or€ò ògiftó ó€incident€to€theÐ S+£&- Ðbusiness,€profession,€or€other€separate€activity€of€a€spouse€orÐ -i(/ Ðother€ò òmember€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€householdó ó,€including€anÐ ° Ðaward,€benefit,€or€ò ògiftó ó€for€the€use€of€both€the€household€memberÐ vÆ Ðand€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€(as€spouse€or€household€member)€if€theÐ <Œ Ðaward,€benefit,€or€ò ògiftó ó€could€not€reasonably€be€perceived€asÐ  R Ðintended€to€influence€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€in€the€performanceÐ È  Ðof€official€duties;Ð Ž Þ  Ðà  àà ` à(c)€€ordinary€social€hospitality;Ð <Œ  Ðà  àà ` à(d)€€a€ò ògiftó ó€from€a€friend€or€relative€for€a€specialÐ ê:  Ðoccasion,€such€as€an€anniversary,€birthday,€or€wedding,€if€theÐ ° Ðò ògiftó ó€is€fairly€commensurate€with€the€occasion€and€the€friendshipÐ ^® Ðor€relationship;Ð $t Ðà  àà ` à(e)€€a€bequest,€favor,€ò ògiftó ó,€or€loan€from€a€relative€orÐ Ò" Ðclose€personal€friend€whose€appearance€or€interest€in€a€caseÐ ˜è Ðwould€in€any€event€require€a€recusal€under€Canon€3D;Ð F– Ðà  àà ` à(f)€a€loan€from€a€lending€institution€in€its€regularÐ ôD Ðcourse€of€business€on€the€same€terms€generally€available€toÐ ¢ò Ðpersons€who€are€not€ò òjudicial€appointeesó ó;Ð P    Ðà  àà ` à(g)€€a€fellowship€or€scholarship€awarded€on€the€sameÐ "f" Ðterms€and€based€on€the€same€criteria€applied€to€other€applicants;Ð Ä#$ ÐorÐ r% & Ðà  àà ` à(h)€any€other€bequest,€favor,€ò ògiftó ó,€or€loan€if:€(1)€theÐ  'p"( Ðdonor€or€lender€is€not€a€person€whose€interests€have€come€or€areÐ æ(6$* Ðlikely€to€come€before€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€and€(2)€the€ò òjudicialÐ ”*ä%, Ðappointeeó ó€reports,€on€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€financialÐ Z,ª'. Ðdisclosure€form,€all€bequests,€favors,€ò ògiftsó ó,€and€loans€requiredÐ ° Ðunder€Rule€16„816€to€be€reported.Ð vÆ ÐÌE.€€ò òFIDUCIARYó ó€ACTIVITIES.Ð Ò " Ðà  àWhile€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€not€absolutely€disqualifiedÐ ˜ è Ðfrom€holding€aò ò€fiduciaryó ó€position,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€notÐ ^ ®  Ðaccept€or€continue€to€hold€such€position€if€doing€so€wouldÐ $t  Ðinterfere€or€seem€to€interfere€with€the€proper€performance€ofÐ Ò"  Ðofficial€duties,€or€if€the€business€interests€of€thoseÐ €Ð  Ðrepresented€require€investments€in€enterprises€that€are€apt€toÐ .~ Ðcome€before€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€officially€or€tend€to€beÐ Ü, Ðinvolved€in€questions€to€be€determined€by€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó.Ð ¢ò ÐÌF.€€SERVICE€AS€ARBITRATOR€OR€MEDIATOR.Ð f Ðà  àA€full-time€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€act€as€anÐ Ä Ðarbitrator€or€mediator€or€otherwise€perform€official€functions€inÐ ŠÚ Ða€private€capacity€unless€expressly€authorized€by€law.Ð 8 ˆ  ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ½" # ÐÌà  àCanon€4F€does€not€preclude€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€fromÐ k$»% Ðparticipating€in€settlement€conferences€or€applying€methods€ofÐ N%ž & Ðalternative€dispute€resolution€that€are€included€in€the€ò òjudicialÐ %&u!' Ðappointeeððsó ó€official€duties.€€If€by€reason€of€disclosure€madeÐ 'X"( Ðduring€or€as€a€result€of€ò òó óa€settlement€conference€or€otherÐ ë';#) Ðalternative€dispute€resolution€proceeding,€the€ò òjudicialÐ Â($* Ðappointeeððsó ó€ò òimpartialityó ó€might€reasonably€be€questioned,€theÐ ¥)õ$+ Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€should€not€participate€in€the€matter€further.€Ð ˆ*Ø%, ÐSee€Canon€3D€(1).Ð k+»&- ÐÌÌÐ ð-@)0 ÐÓÓG.€PRACTICE€OF€LAW.Ð ° Ðà  à(1)€€Except€as€expressly€allowed€by€Canon€4G,€a€ò òjudicialÐ ^® Ðappointeeó ó€shall€not€practice€law.€€Notwithstanding€thisÐ $t Ðprohibition,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€act€òòpro€seóó€in€a€matterÐ ê : Ðinvolving€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó óÐ °  Ðinterest€and,€if€without€compensation,€may€give€legal€advice€toÐ v Æ  Ðand€draft€or€review€documents€for€a€ò òmember€of€the€judicialÐ $t  Ðappointeeððs€familyó ó.Ð ê:  Ðà  à(2)€€To€the€extent€not€expressly€prohibited€by€law€or€theÐ ° Ðappointing€authority€and€subject€to€other€applicable€provisionsÐ ^® Ðof€this€Code,€a€part„time€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€practice€law.Ð  \ Ðà  à(3)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€avoid€conduct€whereby€theÐ Ò" Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€uses€or€seems€to€use€the€appointee's€positionÐ ˜è Ðto€further€success€in€the€practice€of€law.Ð ^® Ðà  à(4)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€not€appear€as€an€individualÐ  \ Ðin€a€matter€involving€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€the€ò òjudicialÐ Ò" Ðappointeeððsó ó€interest€in€the€appointing€court.Ð ˜ è  Ðà  à(5)€€Prior€to€assuming€official€duties,€a€full-time€ò òjudicialÐ ^"®" Ðappointeeó ó€should€enter€into€an€agreement€for€payments€relating€toÐ $$t$ Ðthe€ò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€former€law€practice.€€A€payment€periodÐ ê%:!& Ðlimited€to€a€maximum€of€five€years€or€less€is€presumptivelyÐ °'#( Ðreasonable.€Ð ^)®$* ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ  +\&, ÐÌà  àCanon€4G€(1)€limits€the€practice€of€law€in€a€representativeÐ º, (. Ðcapacity€but€not€in€a€òòpro€seóó€capacity.€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€mayÐ ‘-á(/ Ðact€for€himself€or€herself€in€all€legal€matters,€includingÐ ° Ðmatters€involving€litigation€and€matters€involving€appearancesÐ ‡× Ðbefore€or€other€dealings€with€legislative€and€other€governmentalÐ ^® Ðbodies.€€However,€in€so€doing,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€notÐ 5… Ðabuse€the€prestige€of€the€position€for€any€reason,€includingÐ h Ðadvancement€of€an€interest€of€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€or€theÐ ï? Ðò òjudicial€appointeeððsó ó€family.€€See€Canons€2B€and€4C€(1).Ð Ò " ÐÌà  àThis€Code€allows€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€to€give€legal€adviceÐ Œ Ü Ðto,€and€draft€legal€documents€for,€a€ò òmember€of€the€judicialÐ o ¿  Ðappointeeððs€familyó ó.€€However,€except€for€a€part„time€ò òjudicialÐ R ¢  Ðappointeeó ó€allowed€to€practice€law,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€notÐ 5…  Ðreceive€any€compensation€from,€or€act€as€an€advocate€orÐ h  Ðnegotiator€for,€a€ò òmember€of€the€judicial€appointeeððs€familyó ó€in€aÐ ï?  Ðlegal€matter.€€A€part„time€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€not€actÐ Ò"  Ðcontrary€to€a€prohibition€of€the€appointing€authority.Ð µ  ÐÌÌÌÓÓH.€€COMPENSATION€AND€REIMBURSEMENT.Ð a Ðà  àUnless€otherwise€prohibited€by€law,€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€mayÐ ¿ Ðreceive€compensation€and€reimbursement€of€expenses€for€extra„Ð …Õ Ðofficial€activities€permitted€by€this€Code€if:Ð 3ƒ Ðà  à(1)€the€source€of€compensation€or€reimbursement€does€notÐ á1 Ðgive€the€appearance€of€impropriety;Ð ß Ðà  à(2)€the€compensation€does€not€exceed€a€reasonable€amount€andÐ = Ðdoes€not€exceed€the€amount€a€person€who€is€not€a€ò òjudicialÐ ë ;! Ðappointeeó ó€ordinarily€would€receive€for€the€same€activity;€andÐ ±"# Ðà  à(3)€the€expense€reimbursement€is€limited€to€the€actual€costÐ w$Ç% Ðof€food,€lodging,€and€travel€reasonably€incurred€by€a€ò òjudicialÐ %&u!' Ðappointeeó ó€and,€if€appropriate€to€the€occasion,€by€the€ò òjudicialÐ ë';#) Ðappointeeððsó ó€spouse€or€guest.Ð ±)%+ ÐÓÓÌÐ  N,ž'. Ðà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àAcceptance€of€an€ð ðò òhonorariumó ó,ðð€as€defined€in€Code,€StateÐ ^® ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„102€(r),€is€governed€by€Code,€StateÐ A‘ ÐGovernment€Article,€ðð15„505.€€See€Judicial€Ethics€Opinion€No.€128Ð h Ð(issued€February€2,€2000).Ð ï? ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€must€disclose€financial€matters€such€asÐ  í Ðdebts€or€income,€investments,€or€other€assets,€only€to€the€extentÐ € Ð Ðrequired€by€Canon€4H,€by€Canon€3D€or€E,€or€by€law.€€See€Code,Ð W §  ÐState€Government€Article,€ðð15„610.Ð . ~  ÐÌÌÐ  ³  Ðà@HH'ìàò òCANON€5ó óˆÐ ° ÐÌà@´´!ìàòòPolitical€ActivityóóˆÐ jº ÐÌÌÌÓÓA.à  àPOLITICAL€CONDUCT€OF€ò òJUDICIAL€APPOINTEEó ó€WHO€IS€NOTÐ È  ÐCANDIDATE.Ð Ž Þ Ðà  à(1)à ` àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€who€is€not€a€candidate€forÐ < Œ  Ðelection€to€judicial€office€shall€not€engage€in€any€partisanÐ R  Ðpolitical€activity.€Ð °  Ðà  à(2)€€(A)€€Except€as€otherwise€provided€in€Canon€5A€(2),€aÐ ^®  Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€shall€resign€the€appointed€position€when€theÐ  \ Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€becomes€a€candidate€for€a€non„judicial€office.Ð Ò" Ðà  àà ` à(B)€€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€may€continue€to€hold€theÐ ˜è Ðappointed€position€while€a€candidate€for€election€to,€or€delegateÐ ^® Ðin,€a€Maryland€constitutional€convention.Ð  \ ÐÌB.à  àPOLITICAL€CONDUCT€OF€ò òJUDICIAL€APPOINTEEó ó€WHO€IS€CANDIDATE.Ð h¸ Ðà  à(1)€A€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€who€is€a€candidate€for€election€toÐ . ~  Ða€judicial€office€may€engage€in€partisan€political€activityÐ ô!D" Ðallowed€by€law€with€respect€to€such€candidacy,€except€that€theÐ ¢#ò$ Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó:Ð P%  & Ðà  àà ` à(a)€shall€maintain€the€dignity€appropriate€to€theÐ 'f"( Ðappointed€position€and€act€in€a€manner€consistent€with€theÐ Ä($* Ðò òimpartialityó ó,€independence,€and€integrity€of€the€judicial€system;Ð r*Â%, Ðà  àà ` à(b)à ¸ àshall€not€act€as€a€leader€or€hold€an€office€in€aò òÐ 8,ˆ'. Ðpolitical€organizationó ó;Ð æ-6)0 Ðà  àà ` à(c)à ¸ àshall€not€make€a€speech€for€a€candidate€orÐ ° Ðò òpolitical€organizationó ó€or€publicly€endorse€a€candidate€for€non„Ð ^® Ðjudicial€office;Ð $t ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ © ù ÐÌà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€does€not€publicly€endorse€a€candidateÐ W §  Ðfor€public€office€by€having€the€judicial€appointeeððs€name€on€theÐ : Š  Ðsame€sample€ballot.Ð a  ÐÌÓÓà  àà ` à(d)€€with€respect€to€a€case,€controversy,€or€issue€thatÐ ¿  Ðis€likely€to€come€before€the€court,€shall€not€make€a€commitment,Ð m½  Ðpledge,€or€promise€that€is€inconsistent€with€the€ò òimpartialó óÐ k Ðperformance€of€the€adjudicative€duties€of€the€office;€Ð á1 ÐÓÓÌà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ f¶ ÐÌà  àCanon€5B€(1)(d)€does€not€prohibit€a€candidate€from€making€aÐ d Ðpledge€or€promise€respecting€improvements€in€court€administrationÐ ë; Ðor€the€faithful€and€ò òimpartialó ó€performance€of€the€duties€of€theÐ Â Ðoffice.Ð ¥õ ÐÓÓà  àà ` à(e)€€shall€not€knowingly€misrepresent€his€or€herÐ |Ì Ðidentity€or€qualifications,€the€identity€or€qualifications€of€anÐ *z Ðopponent,€or€any€other€fact;€andÐ Ø(  Ðà  àà ` à(f)€€shall€not€allow€any€other€person€to€do€for€theÐ †!Ö" Ðò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€what€the€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€is€prohibited€fromÐ 4#„$ Ðdoing.Ð ú$J & Ðà  à(2)€A€candidate€for€a€judicial€office€may€respond€to€aÐ ¨&ø!( Ðpersonal€attack€or€an€attack€on€the€candidateððs€record€as€long€asÐ V(¦#* Ðthe€response€does€not€violate€Canon€5B€(1).Ð *T%, ÐÓÓÌÌÓÓÐ  `-°(0 ÐC.à  àSTATUS€OF€ò òJUDICIAL€APPOINTEEó ó€AS€CANDIDATE.Ð ° Ðà  àð ðCandidateðð€applies€to€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€seeking€to€beÐ vÆ Ðelected€to€a€judicial€office€from€the€date€on€which€the€ò òjudicialÐ <Œ Ðappointeeó ó€files€a€certificate€of€candidacy€in€accordance€with€theÐ  R ÐMaryland€election€laws,€but€no€earlier€than€two€years€prior€toÐ È  Ðthe€general€election€for€the€office.Ð v Æ  ÐÌD.€€DISCIPLINE.Ð Ò"  Ðà  àA€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€who€is€an€unsuccessful€candidate€forÐ €Ð  Ðjudicial€office€and€who€is€a€lawyer€is€subject€to€attorneyÐ F– Ðdiscipline€for€campaign€conduct.€€A€successful€candidate€isÐ ôD Ðsubject€to€judicial€discipline€for€campaign€conduct.Ð ¢ò ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Rules€16„701€through€16„781€concerningÐ P  Ðattorney€discipline€and€Rules€16„802€through€16„810€concerningÐ 'w Ðjudicial€discipline.Ð þN ÐÌÐ  ¬ü ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàò òCANON€6ó óˆÐ ° Ðà@””%ìàòòComplianceóóˆÐ vÆ ÐÌà  àViolation€of€any€of€the€Canons€by€a€ò òjudicial€appointeeó ó€isÐ Ö & Ðgrounds€for€disciplinary€action,€including€removal€by€theÐ œ ì Ðappointing€authority.Ð J š  ÐÓÓÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€in€part€from€former€Rule€1232Ð Ï  Ð(renumbered€Rule€16„814€by€Rules€Order€dated€January€18,€1996,Ð ¦ö  Ðeffective€July€1,€1996)€and€is€in€part€new.Ð }Í  ÐÌÐ  +{ Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@Œ Œ ìàTITLE€16€„€COURTS,€JUDGES,€AND€ATTORNEYSˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@˜ ˜ ìàCHAPTER€800€„€MISCELLANEOUSˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àAMEND€Rule€16„816€to€require€the€filing€of€financialÐ ‘ á ÐÌdisclosure€statements€by€all€masters€and€District€CourtÐ ?   ÐÌCommissioners€and€to€make€certain€stylistic€changes,€as€follows:Ð í =  ÐÌÌÓÓRule€16-816.€€FINANCIAL€DISCLOSURE€STATEMENT€ð!ð€JUDICIALÐ r  ÐAPPOINTEESÐ  p  ÐÓÓ€€€€Ð Î ÐÓÓ€€a.€€ò òInó ó€òòFor€purposes€ofóó€this€Rule,€ò ò"judicial€appointee"€includesÐ ¥õ Ða€full-time€judicial€appointee€as€defined€in€Maryland€Rule€16-814Ð S£ Ðand€anyó ó€òòjudicial€appointee€means€(1)€a€full„€or€part„timeóó€master,Ð Q Ðòò(2)€a€full„€or€part„time€commissioner€appointed€by€a€DistrictÐ ¯ÿ ÐAdministrative€Judge€with€the€approval€of€the€Chief€Judge€of€theÐ ]­ ÐDistrict€Court€of€Maryland,€and€(3)€an€auditor,óó€examiner,Ð  [ Ðò òauditor,ó ó€òòoróó€refereeò ò,€or€District€Court€commissioner€as€defined€inÐ ¹  Ðthat€Ruleó ó€who€òòis€full„time€or€whoóó€earns€in€any€calendar€year,€byÐ g ·! Ðreason€of€the€judicial€appointee's€official€position,Ð "e# Ðcompensation€at€least€equal€to€the€pay€provided€for€the€base€stepÐ Ã#% Ðof€State€Pay€Grade€16,€as€in€effect€on€July€1€of€that€calendarÐ q%Á ' Ðyear.€€If€ò òa€judicial€appointeeó ó€òòan€auditor,€examiner,€or€refereeóóÐ 'o") Ðhas€served€as€such€for€only€a€portion€of€a€calendar€year,€a€proÐ Í($+ Ðrata€determination€of€compensation€shall€be€applied.Ð {*Ë%- ÐÓÓòòÌÐ  -P(0 ÐCross€reference:€€For€the€definition€of€judicial€appointee€forÐ ° Ðpurposes€of€applying€the€Maryland€Code€of€Conduct€for€JudicialÐ ‡× ÐAppointees,€see€the€Terminology€section€of€Rule€16„814.óóÐ ^® ÐÌÓÓ€€b.€€Every€òòjudicialóó€appointee€shall€file€with€the€State€CourtÐ  \ ÐAdministrator€an€annual€financial€statement€on€the€formÐ º  Ðprescribed€by€the€Court€of€Appeals.€€When€filed,€a€financialÐ h ¸ Ðdisclosure€statement€is€a€public€record.€€Ð  f  Ѐ€€.€.€.Ð Ä  Ѐ€d.€€If€ò òanó ó€òòa€judicialóó€appointee€who€files€a€certificate€ofÐ r  Ðcandidacy€for€nomination€for€an€elected€office€has€filed€aÐ  p  Ðstatement€pursuant€to€ðð15-605€or€ðð15-610€(b)€of€the€StateÐ Î ÐGovernment€Article,€Annotated€Code€of€Maryland,€the€judicialÐ |Ì Ðappointee€need€not€file€for€the€same€period€of€time€the€statementÐ *z Ðrequired€by€paragraph€c€of€this€Rule.€€Ð Ø( Ѐ€€.€.€.Ð †Ö Ѐ€g.€(i)€€A€judicial€appointee€who€fails€to€file€a€timelyÐ 4„ Ðstatement,€or€who€files€an€incomplete€statement,€shall€beÐ â2 Ðnotified€in€writing€by€the€State€Court€Administrator,€and€given€aÐ à  Ðreasonable€time,€not€to€exceed€ten€days,€within€which€to€correctÐ >!Ž" Ðthe€deficiency.€€If€the€deficiency€has€not€been€corrected€within€Ð ì"<$ Ðthe€time€allowed,€the€State€Court€Administrator€shall€report€theÐ š$ê& Ðmatter€to€the€ò òCommittee€onó ó€Judicial€Ethics€òòCommitteeóó.€€Ð H&˜!( Ѐ€€€(ii)€If€the€Committee€finds,€after€inquiry,€that€failing€toÐ ö'F#* Ðfile€or€the€omission€of€information€was€either€inadvertent€or€inÐ ¤)ô$, Ðgood€faith€belief€that€the€omitted€information€was€not€requiredÐ R+¢&. Ðto€be€disclosed,€the€Committee€shall€give€the€òòjudicialóó€appointeeÐ -P(0 Ða€reasonable€period,€not€to€exceed€15€days,€within€which€toÐ ° Ðcorrect€the€deficiency.€€Otherwise,€the€Committee€shall€refer€theÐ ^® Ðmatter€to€the€State€Ethics€Commission.€€If€ò òanó ó€òòa€judicialóóÐ  \ Ðappointee€who€has€been€allowed€additional€time€within€which€toÐ º  Ðcorrect€a€deficiency€fails€to€do€so€within€that€time,€the€matterÐ h ¸ Ðshall€also€be€referred€to€the€State€Ethics€Commission.€€Ð  f  Ѐ€€.€.€.Ð Ä  ÐÓÓSource:€€This€Rule€is€òòderived€fromóó€former€Rule€1234€òòand€is€partÐ r  Ðnewóó.Ð I™  ÐÌÌÐ  Î Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@¼¼ìàAPPENDIX:€THE€MARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROFESSIONAL€CONDUCTˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@  &ìàADVOCATEˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àAMEND€Rule€3.5€to€add€a€new€subsection€(a)(8)€prohibitingÐ ‘ á ÐÌcertain€discussions€of€potential€employment€of€a€judge€underÐ ?   ÐÌcertain€circumstances€and€to€correct€a€certain€reference€in€theÐ í =  ÐÌComment,€as€follows:Ð ›ë  ÐÌÌRule€3.5.€€IMPARTIALITY€AND€DECORUM€OF€THE€TRIBUNAL€Ð  p  ÐÌÌÓÓ€€(a)€€A€lawyer€shall€not:€€Ð ¥õ Ѐ€€€(1)€seek€to€influence€a€judge,€juror,€prospective€juror,€orÐ S£ Ðother€official€by€means€prohibited€by€law;€€Ð Q Ѐ€€€(2)€before€the€trial€of€a€case€with€which€the€lawyer€isÐ ¯ÿ Ðconnected,€communicate€outside€the€course€of€official€proceedingsÐ ]­ Ðwith€anyone€known€to€the€lawyer€to€be€on€the€list€from€which€theÐ  [ Ðjurors€will€be€selected€for€the€trial€of€the€case;€€Ð ¹  Ѐ€€€(3)€during€the€trial€of€a€case€with€which€the€lawyer€isÐ g ·! Ðconnected,€communicate€outside€the€course€of€official€proceedingsÐ "e# Ðwith€any€member€of€the€jury;€€Ð Ã#% Ѐ€€€(4)€during€the€trial€of€a€case€with€which€the€lawyer€is€notÐ q%Á ' Ðconnected,€communicate€outside€the€course€of€official€proceedingsÐ 'o") Ðwith€any€member€of€the€jury€about€the€case;€€Ð Í($+ Ѐ€€€(5)€after€discharge€of€a€jury€from€further€consideration€of€aÐ {*Ë%- Ðcase€with€which€the€lawyer€is€connected,€ask€questions€of€or€makeÐ ),y'/ Ðcomments€to€a€member€of€that€jury€that€are€calculated€to€harassÐ ×-')1 Ðor€embarrass€the€juror€or€to€influence€the€juror's€actions€inÐ ° Ðfuture€jury€service;€€Ð ^® Ѐ€€€(6)€conduct€a€vexatious€or€harassing€investigation€of€anyÐ  \ Ðjuror€or€prospective€juror;€€Ð º  Ѐ€€€(7)€communicate€ex€parte€about€an€adversary€proceeding€withÐ h ¸ Ðthe€judge€or€other€official€before€whom€the€proceeding€isÐ  f  Ðpending,€except€as€permitted€by€law;€ò òoró ó€€Ð Ä  Ѐ€€€òò(8)€discuss€with€a€judge€potential€employment€of€the€judge€ifÐ r  Ðthe€lawyer€or€a€firm€with€which€the€lawyer€is€associated€has€aÐ  p  Ðmatter€that€is€pending€before€the€judge;€oróóÐ Î Ѐ€€€ò ò(8)ó ó€òò(9)óó€engage€in€conduct€intended€to€disrupt€a€tribunal.€€Ð |Ì Ѐ€(b)€€A€lawyer€who€has€knowledge€of€any€violation€of€section€(a)Ð *z Ðof€this€Rule,€any€improper€conduct€by€a€juror€or€prospectiveÐ Ø( Ðjuror,€or€any€improper€conduct€by€another€towards€a€juror€orÐ †Ö Ðprospective€juror,€shall€report€it€promptly€to€the€court€or€otherÐ 4„ Ðappropriate€authority.€€Ð â2 Ðà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ à  ÐÓÓà  àMany€forms€of€improper€influence€upon€a€tribunal€areÐ >!Ž" Ðproscribed€by€criminal€law.€€Others€are€specified€in€òòRule€16„813,Ð "e# Ðóóthe€Maryland€ò òCanons€and€Rules€of€Judicial€Ethicsó ó€òòCode€of€JudicialÐ ì"<$ ÐConductóó,€with€which€an€advocate€should€be€familiar.€€A€lawyer€isÐ Ã#% Ðrequired€to€avoid€contributing€to€a€violation€of€such€provisions.€Ð š$ê& ÐÌÌà  àThe€advocate's€function€is€to€present€evidence€and€argumentÐ 'o") Ðso€that€the€cause€may€be€decided€according€to€law.€€RefrainingÐ ö'F#* Ðfrom€abusive€or€obstreperous€conduct€is€a€corollary€of€theÐ Í($+ Ðadvocate's€right€to€speak€on€behalf€of€litigants.€€A€lawyer€mayÐ ¤)ô$, Ðstand€firm€against€abuse€by€a€judge€but€should€avoidÐ {*Ë%- Ðreciprocation;€the€judge's€default€is€no€justification€forÐ R+¢&. Ðsimilar€dereliction€by€an€advocate.€€An€advocate€can€present€theÐ ),y'/ Ðcause,€protect€the€record€for€subsequent€review€and€preserveÐ -P(0 Ðprofessional€integrity€by€patient€firmness€no€less€effectivelyÐ ×-')1 Ðthan€by€belligerence€or€theatrics.€€Ð ° ÐÌà  àWith€regard€to€the€prohibition€in€subsection€(a)(2)€of€thisÐ ^® ÐRule€against€communications€with€anyone€on€"the€list€from€whichÐ 5… Ðthe€jurors€will€be€selected,"€see€Rules€2-512€(c)€and€4-312€(c)Ð  \ Ðof€the€Maryland€Rules€of€Procedure.€€Ð ã3 ÐÌCode€Comparison.„„With€regard€to€Rule€3.5€(a)€and€(b),€DR€7-108Ð ‘ á Ð(A)€provides€that€"before€the€trial€of€a€case€a€lawyer€.€.€.Ð h ¸ Ðshall€not€communicate€with€.€.€.€anyone€he€knows€to€be€a€memberÐ ?   Ðof€the€venire€.€.€.€."€DR€7-108€(B)€provides€that€"during€theÐ  f  Ðtrial€of€a€case€.€.€.€a€lawyer€.€.€.€shall€not€communicate€with€Ð í =  Ð.€.€.€a€juror€concerning€the€case."€€DR€7-109€(C)€provides€that€aÐ Ä  Ðlawyer€shall€not€"communicate€.€.€.€as€to€the€merits€of€the€causeÐ ›ë  Ðwith€a€judge€or€an€official€before€whom€the€proceeding€is€pendingÐ r  Ðexcept€.€.€.€upon€adequate€notice€to€opposing€counsel€.€.€.€(or)Ð I™  Ðas€otherwise€authorized€by€law."€€Ð  p  ÐÌà  àWith€regard€to€Rule€3.5€ò ò(a)(8)ó ó€òò(a)(9)óó,€DR€7-106€(C)(6)Ð Î Ðprovides€that€a€lawyer€shall€not€"engage€in€undignified€orÐ ¥õ Ðdiscourteous€conduct€which€is€degrading€to€a€tribunal."Ð |Ì ÐÌÌÔ#†XoœXXXoœºI#ÔÔ‡XjLXXXoœÔÐ  Q ÐÔ#†XoœXXXjL“à#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@l l ìàAPPENDIX€„€THE€MARYLAND€RULES€OFˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@<< ìàPROFESSIONAL€CONDUCTˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌÌà  àAMEND€Rule€8.2€(b)€and€the€accompanying€Comment€to€conformÐ h ¸ ÐÌthem€to€certain€language€of€proposed€revised€Canon€5B€of€the€Ð  f  ÐÌMaryland€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct€set€forth€in€Rule€16„813,€asÐ Ä  ÐÌfollows:Ð r  ÐÌÌRule€8.2.€€JUDICIAL€AND€LEGAL€OFFICIALSÐ ÷G ÐÌÌÓÓ€€(a)€€A€lawyer€shall€not€make€a€statement€that€the€lawyer€knowsÐ |Ì Ðto€be€false€or€with€reckless€disregard€as€to€its€truth€or€falsityÐ *z Ðconcerning€the€qualifications€or€integrity€of€a€judge,Ð Ø( Ðadjudicatory€officer€or€public€legal€officer,€or€of€a€candidateÐ †Ö Ðfor€election€or€appointment€to€judicial€or€legal€office.€€Ð 4„ Ѐ€(b)€€òòCanon€5C€(4)€of€the€Maryland€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct,€setÐ â2 Ðforth€in€Rule€16„813,€provides€that€a€lawyer€becomes€a€candidateÐ à  Ðfor€a€judicial€office€when€the€lawyer€files€a€certificate€ofÐ >!Ž" Ðcandidacy€in€accordance€with€Maryland€election€laws,€but€noÐ ì"<$ Ðearlier€than€two€years€prior€to€the€general€election€for€theÐ š$ê& Ðoffice.óó€€A€candidate€for€òòaóó€judicial€òòoffice:óó€ò òposition€shall€notÐ H&˜!( Ðmake€or€suffer€others€to€make€for€him,€promises€of€conduct€inÐ ö'F#* Ðoffice€which€appeal€to€the€cupidity€or€prejudices€of€theÐ ¤)ô$, Ðappointing€or€electing€power;€he€shall€not€announce€in€advanceÐ R+¢&. Ðhis€conclusions€of€law€on€disputed€issues€to€secure€classÐ -P(0 Ðsupport,€and€he€shall€do€nothing€while€a€candidate€to€create€theÐ ° Ðimpression€that€if€chosen,€he€will€administer€his€office€withÐ ^® Ðbias,€partiality€or€improper€discrimination.ó ó€€Ð  \ Ѐ€€€òò(1)€shall€maintain€the€dignity€appropriate€to€the€office€andÐ º  Ðact€in€a€manner€consistent€with€the€impartiality,€independenceòò,óóÐ h ¸ Ðand€integrity€of€the€judiciary;óóÐ  j  Ѐ€€òò(2)ò òó ó€with€respect€to€a€case,€controversy,€or€issue€that€isÐ È  Ðlikely€to€come€before€the€court,€shall€not€make€a€commitment,Ð vÆ  Ðpledge,€or€promise€that€is€inconsistent€with€the€impartialÐ $t  Ðperformance€of€the€adjudicative€duties€of€the€office;óóÐ Ò" ÐòòÓÓCommittee€note:€€Rule€8.2€(b)(2)€does€not€prohibit€a€candidateÐ €Ð Ðfrom€making€a€commitment,€pledgeòò,óó€or€promise€respectingÐ W§ Ðimprovements€in€court€administration€or€the€faithful€andÐ 0€ Ðimpartial€performance€of€the€duties€of€the€office.óóÓÓÐ W Ѐ€€€òò(3)€shall€not€knowingly€misrepresent€his€or€her€identity€orÐ µ Ðqualifications,€the€identity€or€qualifications€of€an€opponent,€orÐ c³ Ðany€other€fact;óóÐ a Ѐ€€€òò(4)€shall€not€allow€any€other€person€to€do€for€the€candidateÐ ¿ Ðwhat€the€candidate€is€prohibited€from€doing;€andóóÔ#†XoœXXXoœêà#ÔÔ‡XjLXXXoœÔÐ m ½! Ѐ€€€òò(5)€may€respond€to€a€personal€attack€or€an€attack€on€theÐ "k# Ðcandidateððs€record€as€long€as€the€response€does€not€otherwiseÐ «#û% Ðviolate€this€Rule.óóÐ ;%‹ ' ÐÓÓà@HH'ìàCOMMENTˆÐ Ë&") ÐÌà  àAssessments€by€lawyers€are€relied€on€in€evaluating€theÐ [(«#+ Ðprofessional€or€personal€fitness€of€persons€being€considered€forÐ #)s$, Ðelection€or€appointment€to€judicial€office€and€to€public€legalÐ  ë);%- Ѐoffices,€such€as€attorney€general,€prosecuting€attorney€andÐ ° Ðpublic€defender.€€Expressing€honest€and€candid€opinions€on€suchÐ xÈ Ðmatters€contributes€to€improving€the€administration€of€justice.Ð @ ÐConversely,€false€statements€by€a€lawyer€can€unfairly€undermineÐ X Ðpublic€confidence€in€the€administration€of€justice.Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àTo€maintain€the€fair€and€independent€administration€ofÐ ` ° Ðjustice,€lawyers€are€encouraged€to€continue€traditional€effortsÐ ( x Ðto€defend€judges€and€courts€unjustly€criticized.Ð ð @ ÐÌÌCode€Comparison.ð!ð„€With€regard€to€Rule€8.2€(a),€DR€8-102€(A)Ð H ˜  Ðprovides€that€"A€lawyer€shall€not€knowingly€make€false€statementsÐ `  Ðof€fact€concerning€the€qualifications€of€a€candidate€for€electionÐ Ø(  Ðor€appointment€to€a€judicial€office."€€DR€8-102€(B)€provides€thatÐ  ð  Ð"A€lawyer€shall€not€knowingly€make€false€accusations€against€aÐ h¸  Ðjudge€or€other€adjudicatory€officer."€€Ð 0€  ÐÌà  àò òRule€8.2€(b)€is€identical€to€Canon€XXIX€of€the€Canons€andÐ À ÐRules€of€Judicial€Ethics,€which€is€applicable€to€judges€who€areÐ ˆØ Ðcandidates€for€judicial€office.€€Although€the€MarylandÐ P  ÐDisciplinary€Rules€have€no€counterpart€to€Rule€8.2€(b),€DR€8-103Ð h Ðof€the€Model€Code,€adopted€by€the€ABA€after€the€Code€was€adoptedÐ à0 Ðin€Maryland,€is€the€same€as€Rule€8.2€(b)€in€substance.ó óÐ ¨ø ÐÌà  àòòRule€8.2€(b)€has€no€counterpart€in€the€[former]€MarylandÐ 8ˆ ÐDisciplinary€Rules.óóÐ P ÐÌÌÔ#†XoœXXXjL(î#ÔÔ‡XoœXXXoœÔÐ  X¨ Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@ìàTITLE€4€„€CRIMINAL€CAUSESˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@ô ô ìàCHAPTER€300€„€TRIAL€AND€SENTENCINGˆÐ  \ ÐÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àÌà  àAMEND€Rule€4„327€to€amend€a€certain€cross€reference,€asÐ ‘ á ÐÌfollows:Ð ?   ÐÌÌRule€4„327.€€VERDICT€ð!ð€JURYÐ Ä  ÐÌÌÓÓ€€€.€.€.Ð I™  ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€ò òCanon€3A€8€ofó ó€Rule€16„813òò,óó€ò ò(ó óMaryland€CodeÐ ÷G Ðof€Judicial€Conductò ò)ó óòò,€Canon€3B€(1),óó€regarding€praise€or€criticismÐ Î Ðof€a€juryððs€verdict.Ð ¥õ ÐÌSource:€This€Rule€is€derived€from€former€Rule€759.Ð S£ ÐÌÌÌÐ  ¯ÿ Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@´´!ìàTITLE€5€„€EVIDENCEˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@ˆˆìàCHAPTER€600€„€WITNESSESˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àAMEND€Rule€5„605€to€amend€a€certain€cross€reference,€asÐ ‘ á ÐÌfollows:Ð ?   ÐÌÌRule€5-605.€€COMPETENCY€OF€JUDGE€AS€WITNESS€Ð Ä  ÐÌÌÓÓ€€€.€.€.€Ð I™  ÐÓÓCross€reference:€òòSee€Rule€16„813,óó€Maryland€Code€of€JudicialÐ ÷G ÐConduct,€Canon€ò ò3Có ó€òò3Dóó€(1)(a)€and€ò ò(1)ó ó(d)(iv).€€Ð Î ÐÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€derived€from€F.R.Ev.€605.Ð |Ì ÐÌÌÐ  Q Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@Œ Œ ìàTITLE€16€„€COURTS,€JUDGES,€AND€ATTORNEYSˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@˜ ˜ ìàCHAPTER€800€„€MISCELLANEOUSˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àAMEND€Rule€16„815€to€correct€certain€terminology€inÐ ‘ á ÐÌsubsection€f.€1,€as€follows:Ð ?   ÐÌÌRule€16„815.€€FINANCIAL€DISCLOSURE€STATEMENTÐ Ä  ÐÌÌ€€€.€.€.Ð I™  ÐÌ€€f.€€Failure€to€File€Statement€-€Incomplete€Statement.Ð ÷G ÐÌ€€€€1.€A€judge€who€fails€to€file€a€timely€statement,€or€who€filesÐ ¥õ ÐÌan€incomplete€statement,€shall€be€notified€in€writing€by€theÐ S£ ÐÌState€Court€Administrator,€and€given€a€reasonable€time,€not€toÐ Q ÐÌexceed€ten€days,€within€which€to€correct€the€deficiency.€€If€theÐ ¯ÿ ÐÌdeficiency€has€not€been€corrected€within€the€time€allowed,€theÐ ]­ ÐÌState€Court€Administrator€shall€report€the€matter€to€theÐ  [ ÐÌò òCommittee€onó ó€Judicial€Ethics€òòCommitteeóó.Ð ¹  ÐÌ€€€.€.€.Ð g ·! ÐÌÌÐ  ì"<$ Ðà@˜ ˜ ìàMARYLAND€RULES€OF€PROCEDUREˆÐ ° ÐÌà@P P ìàTITLE€17€„€ALTERNATIVE€DISPUTE€RESOLUTIONˆÐ ^® ÐÌà@  ìàCHAPTER€100€„€PROCEEDINGS€IN€CIRCUIT€COURTˆÐ  \ ÐÌÌà  àAMEND€Rule€17„105€to€amend€a€certain€Cross€reference,€asÐ ‘ á ÐÌfollows:Ð ?   ÐÌÌRule€17„105.€€QUALIFICATIONS€AND€SELECTION€OF€PERSONS€OTHER€THANÐ Ä  ÐÌMEDIATORS€AND€NEUTRAL€EXPERTSÐ r  ÐÌÌÓÓ€€€.€.€.€Ð ÷G ÐÓÓCross€reference:€€See€Ruleò òsó ó€16-813,€òòMaryland€Code€of€JudicialÐ ¥õ ÐConduct,óó€Canon€ò ò4Hó ó€òò4Fóó€and€òòRuleóó€16-814,€òòMaryland€Code€of€ConductÐ |Ì Ðfor€Judicial€Appointees,óó€Canon€ò ò4Hó ó€òò4Fóó.Ð S£ ÐÌSource:€€This€Rule€is€new.€Ð Q ÐÌÌÔ#†XoœXXXoœ÷#Ô